Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Met lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Proefschrift Maastricht. / Lit. opg. - Met een samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Proefschrift Universiteit Maastricht. / Met lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Proefschrift Universiteit Maastricht. / Auteursnaam op omslag: Marc C. Willemsen. Met samenvatting in het Nederlands. - Met lit. opg.: p. 163-180.

Proefschrift Universiteit Maastricht. / Met lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Proefschrift Universiteit Maastricht. / Met lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

abstract: In this thesis, an approach to develop low-frequency accelerometer based on molecular electronic transducers (MET) in an electrochemical cell is presented. Molecular electronic transducers are a class of inertial sensors which are based on an electrochemical mechanism. Motion sensors based on MET technology consist of an electrochemical cell that can be used to detect the movement of liquid electrolyte between electrodes by converting it to an output current. Seismometers based on MET technology are attractive for planetary applications due to their high sensitivity, low noise, small size and independence on the direction of sensitivity axis. In addition, the fact that MET based sensors have a liquid inertial mass with no moving parts makes them rugged and shock tolerant (basic survivability has been demonstrated to >20 kG). A Zn-Cu electrochemical cell (Galvanic cell) was applied in the low-frequency accelerometer. Experimental results show that external vibrations (range from 18 to 70 Hz) were successfully detected by this accelerometer as reactions Zn→〖Zn〗^(2+)+2e^- occurs around the anode and 〖Cu〗^(2+)+2e^-→Cu around the cathode. Accordingly, the sensitivity of this MET device design is to achieve 10.4 V/G at 18 Hz. And the sources of noise have been analyzed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2015

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-26T13:12:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoYamashitaSantos_TESE.pdf: 1483172 bytes, checksum: 9789c7b0a2d89529478ccf6848945ede (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-26T15:12:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoYamashitaSantos_TESE.pdf: 1483172 bytes, checksum: 9789c7b0a2d89529478ccf6848945ede (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-26T15:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoYamashitaSantos_TESE.pdf: 1483172 bytes, checksum: 9789c7b0a2d89529478ccf6848945ede (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-12 / O objetivo desta pesquisa ? descrever e analisar, em corpus liter?rio, o modo como conceptualizamos as emo??es, em especial, a raiva. Utilizando os pressupostos da chamada Teoria Cognitiva da Met?fora, apresentaremos um panorama geral acerca da cogni??o da met?fora sob a base da Lingu?stica Cognitiva e, de uma maneira mais aprofundada, analisaremos a conceptualiza??o metaf?rica da raiva. A proposta de mente corporificada, predominante nas ci?ncias cognitivas atuais, ? basilar para estudos envolvendo a simula??o mental. Pesquisas recentes demonstram que a met?fora ? resultado de processamentos cognitivos que envolvem nossa percep??o sens?rio-motora aliada a experi?ncias socioculturais. A capacidade de construirmos, via frequ?ncia, padr?es para nossas experi?ncias ? determinante para a nossa linguagem, inclusive para as constru??es metaf?ricas. Tais constru??es s?o resultantes de processamentos cognitivos que envolvem a articula??o entre esquemas imag?ticos e frames. Os esquemas imag?ticos adv?m de nossa experi?ncia sens?rio-motora, que relaciona os limites de nosso corpo aos limites de nosso entorno, e os frames, por sua vez, adv?m de nossa capacidade de armazenarmos eventos socioculturais. A constru??o metaf?rica ? fruto dessa rela??o constante entre corpo, mente e cultura, situando-nos em experi?ncias corp?reas e culturais. Ao analisarmos cinco obras liter?rias nacionais, criamos um quadro anal?tico sobre como a raiva ? compreendida, especificamente, na l?ngua portuguesa. Os resultados s?o importantes para entendermos, atrav?s da linguagem, o quanto a cultura faz parte de nossa cogni??o, conjuntamente com os aspectos sens?rio-motores. / The objective of this research is to describe and analyze in literary corpus, the way we conceptualize emotions, especially anger. Using the assumptions of the call Cognitive Theory of Metaphor, present a general overview of cognition metaphor on the basis of Cognitive Linguistics, and in a deeper way, we analyze the metaphorical conceptualization of anger. The proposal embodied mind, prevalent in current cognitive science, is fundamental for studies involving mental simulation. Recent research shows that the metaphor is the result of cognitive processes that involve our perception sensorimotor combined with socio-cultural experiences. The ability to build via frequency standards for our experiments is crucial to our language, including metaphorical constructions. Such constructions are the result of cognitive processes that involve the relationship between image schemas and frames. Image schemas comes from our sensorimotor experience, which lists the limits of our bodies to the limits of our surroundings, and frames, in turn, comes from our ability to stock sociocultural events. The metaphorical construction is the result of this constant relationship between body, mind and culture, situating us in bodily experiences and cultural. By analyzing five national literary works, we created an analytical framework on how anger is understood, specifically in Portuguese language. The results are important to understand, through language, how culture is part of our cognition, in conjunction with the sensorimotor aspects.

Le facteur XII (FXII) est une sérine protéase de 80 kDa produite et sécrétée par le foie qui initie la voie intrinsèque de la coagulation. Diverses études ont montré un rôle délétère du FXII dans des pathologies cérébrales telles que l'accident vasulaie cérébral, la maladie d'Alzheimer et la slérose en plaques. Néanmoins, l'impact direct du FXII sur le devenir des cellules neuronales reste inconnu. De plus, l'expression du FXII dans le système nerveux central (SNC) n'a pas encore été étudiée. Le premier objectif de nos travaux a été d'étudier le rôle du FXII dans l'apoptose neuronale puis dans un second temps d'étudier l'expession du FXII dans le SNC. Dans notre étude, nous avons constaté que le FXII protège les neurones en culture de la mort apoptotique. Les effets bénéfiques du FXII résultent de l'interaction directe du FXII avec le récepteur du facteur de croissance épidermique (EGFR). L'activation de l'EGFR par le FXII déclenche les voies signalétiques antiapoptotiques MAPK. Il est intéressant de noter que la forme double chaîne du FXII, αFXIIa, exerce des effets protecteurs complémentaires en convertissant le précurseur du facteur de croissance hépatocytaire en sa forme mature, ce qui active à son tour le récepteur MET. Enfin, dans notre étude, nous avons observé que le FXII était exprimé dans le SNC (à la fois l'ARNm et la protéine). Cette expression est notamment retrouvée au niveau des neurones corticaux. Ce travail décrit un nouveau mécanisme d'action du FXII et décrit les neurones en tant que cellules cibles pour les effets facteur de croissance du FXII. Dans l'ensemble, ces travaux devraient donc aider à mieux comprendre comment le FXII agit dans les pathologies cérébrales en tant que sérine-protéase unique à l'interface de la thrombose, de l'inflammation et de la survie cellulaire. / Factor XII (FXII) is an 80 kDa serine protease produced and secreted by the liver that participates in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Various studies have shown a deleterious role of FXII in cerebral pathologies like stroke, Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis. Nevertheless, the direct impact of FXII on neuronal cell fate remains unknown. In addition, the expression of FXII in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been investigated yet. The first objective of our work was to study the role of FXII in neuronal apoptosis and then to study the expression of FXII in the CNS. In our work, we found that FXII protects cultured neurons from apoptotic death by a growth factorlike effect. The beneficial effects of FXII result from the direct interaction with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Activation of EGFR by FXII triggers antiapoptotic signaling MAPK pathways. Iteestigl, the to hai fo of FXII, αFXIIa, eets opleeta potetie effets oetig the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) precursor into its mature form, which in turn activates MET receptor. Finally in our work we observed FXII expression in the CNS (both mRNA and protein). This expression is particularly found in cortical neurons. This work describes a novel mechanism of action of FXII and discloses neurons as target cells for growth factor effects of FXII. Overall, these works should thus help further understanding how FXII acts in brain diseases as a unique serine-protease at the interface of thrombosis, inflammation and cell survival.

Uma das conseqüências do aumento da população urbana e da modificação da paisagem é a alteração do clima local, criando um clima típico denominado clima urbano. Entender o clima urbano e buscar soluções para amenizar a influência de áreas construídas no clima de uma cidade é de grande interesse para a melhoria na qualidade de vida. Os modelos microclimáticos podem ser de grande utilidade no planejamento de cidades. Estes podem fornecer diretrizes para o planejamento arquitetônico, altura de edifícios, disposição de ruas e localização de áreas verdes trazendo um aumento do conforto térmico e dispersão de poluentes. O município de Ourinhos-SP está localizado no Sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo e faz divisa com o Estado do Paraná. Possui um clima do tipo subtropical, com inverno seco e verão chuvoso. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o clima urbano e o conforto térmico no município de Ourinhos, tendo para isso o modelo tridimensional ENVI-met como ferramenta principal de simulação das variáveis meteorológicas. Esse modelo possibilita a análise da temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar, direção e velocidade do vento além dos índices de conforto térmico PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) e PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) tendo por base a configuração da cidade. Efetuaram-se simulações para três áreas no município de Ourinhos, sendo duas no interior da área urbana e uma área suburbana. As simulações ocorreram para os dias 10/06/2009, inverno na região e dia 15/02/2010, situação de verão. Para o ponto situado no centro da cidade realizou-se, além da situação real, três simulações distintas alterando a estrutura através do aumento da altura das edificações, através da retirada das edificações da quadra central e instalação de um parque com vegetação rasteira e árvores e por meio da rotação da planta baixa da área urbano denso de 76º, onde a avenida principal antes com orientação NNO/SSE passa a ter orientação L/O. Pode-se observar que o modelo simula com razoável precisão as temperaturas obtidas em comparação aquelas medidas nas estações e através do coeficiente de determinação obteve-se que estes são significativos. Estes estudos mostraram que existe uma forte correlação entre a parte física da cidade (ruas, edificações e vegetação) e o conforto térmico humano. A situação de conforto para o verão e inverno é bastante diferenciada. Na análise dos índices de conforto PMV e PPD, no inverno somente a área urbano permeável não apresentou nenhuma área dentro dos limites de conforto estipulado pela norma ISSO 7730. No verão, a área urbano denso para a situação real e com aumento das edificações e a área expansão urbana apresentaram reduzidas áreas de conforto. As demais áreas, tanto no inverno quanto no verão apresentaram-se desconfortáveis. As propostas de modificação feitas, neste trabalho, não foram suficientes para mitigar o desconforto térmico das áreas urbanas abertas. / The increasing urban population and the modification of the landscape bring forth one consequence, the local climate change, developing a typical urban climate, known as urban climate. Understanding the urban climate and seek solutions to mitigate the influence of the buildings in the environment in a city is of great interest for improving the quality of life. The microclimatic models can be very useful in planning the cities. They can provide guidelines for the architectural planning, building heights, street layout and location of green areas by bringing in an increase in thermal comfort and pollutant dispersion. Ourinhos county is located in the southwestern state of Sao Paulo and is bordered by the state of Parana. It has a subtropical type climate with dry winter and rainy summer. This study aims to analyze the urban climate and thermal comfort in the city, using on this purpose the three-dimensional model ENVI-met as a main tool for simulation of meteorological variables. This model enables the researcher to analyze the temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind intensity and the thermal comfort indices PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) based on the configuration of the city. We carried out simulations in three areas in Ourinhos, two within the urban area and another in a suburban area. The simulations occurred at 10/06/2009, winter days in the region and 15/02/2010, the summer situation. The simulations took place at the center of the city, besides the actual situation, three different simulations, altering the structure by increasing the height of buildings, through the removal of buildings from the central block, a park with trees and creepers and by turning the ground floor of dense urban area of 76º, where the main avenue with prior oriented NNW / SSE direction is replaced by E / O. As observed, the model explains well the temperature obtained by comparison with those in the stations. Through the coefficient of determination it was found that these are significant. These studies showed that There is a strong correlation between the physical part of the city (streets, buildings and vegetation) and human thermal comfort. Summer and winter comfort situation is very different. Analyzing the comfort indices PMV and PPD in the winter, only the permeable urban area did not show any area within the comfort limits stipulated by ISO standard 7730. In summer, the dense urban area onto the actual situation and the increase of buildings and urban expansion area showed little comfort zones. The remaining areas, in both winter and summer were uncomfortable. Proposed changes made in this work were not enough to alleviate the discomfort of urban open areas.