• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 18
  • 5
  • 3
  • Tagged with
  • 34
  • 14
  • 12
  • 11
  • 8
  • 8
  • 7
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Síntese e caracterização de metaloporfirinas imobilizadas em SBA-15 como catalisadores biomiméticos na oxidação de hidrocarbonetos / \"Synthesis and Characterization of Metalloporphyrins immobilized in SBA-15 as Catalysts at Biomimetic Oxidation of Hydrocarbons\"

Lucas Dimarô Zanatta 07 March 2014 (has links)
As metaloporfirinas (MeP) cloreto de 5,10,15,20-tetra(pentafluorofenill)porfirina de manganês (III) e ferro (III) (MnIIIP e FeIIIP) foram imobilizadas em matriz de sílica híbrida mesoporosa do tipo SBA-15. Os grupos silanóis da SBA-15 foram modificados com (3-aminopropil)trietoxissilano (APTES) e (3-aminopropil)dietoximetilsilano (APDES), que após a imobilização das metaloporfirinas geraram os catalisadores FeP-APSBA, FeP-APMSBA, MnP-APSBA e MnP-APMSBA. Um terceiro tipo de material foi preparado a partir da ligação de grupos trimetilsilil (TMS) nos catalisadores FeP-APSBA e MnP-APSBA, gerando outros dois catalisadores que foram denominados FeP-APSBA-TMS e MnP-APSBA-TMS. Os materiais foram caracterizados por FTIR, RD UV-Vis, TG/TGA MEV, MET e isotermas de adsorção e dessorção de N2 (BET/BJH). Para analisar a natureza da interação solvente-superfície nos materiais, foram determinadas medidas goniométricas de energia livre de superfície. Os catalisadores foram estudados na oxidação dos substratos (Z)-ciclo-octeno e ciclo-hexano, utilizando iodosilbenzeno (PhIO) como espécie doadora de oxigênio a fim de avalia-los como biomiméticos do citocromo P450. Os parâmetros estruturais foram comparados aos resultados catalíticos frente à formação da gaiola de solvente e das espécies intermediárias de alta valência, FeIV(O)P+. e MnV(O)P e estudar como esses fatores afetam o rendimento e a seletividade das reações catalisadas. As MeP-SBAs apresentaram uma faixa de rendimento de 88 a 47 % para epoxidação de (Z)-ciclo-octeno. Já na oxidação de ciclo-hexano houve formação de 2 a 8 % de ciclo-hexanol e 2 % de ciclo-hexanona. Observou-se maior seletividade para o álcool com as FeP-SBAs. / Manganese (III) and iron (III) 5,10,15,20- tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (MnIIIP and FeIIIP ) chloride were immobilized in mesoporous silica hybrid matrix SBA-15. Silanol groups were modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (3-aminopropyl)diethoxymethylsilane (APDES), generating catalysts called FeP-APSBA, FeP-APMSBA, MnP-APSBA and MnP-APMSBA. A third type of material was prepared from the binding trimethylsilyl groups (TMS) in FeP-APSBA and MnP- APSBA catalysts generating the other two catalysts named FeP-APSBA-TMS and MnP-APSBA-TMS. The materials were characterized by FTIR , DR UV-Vis , TG/TGA SEM , TEM and adsorption and desorption isotherms of N2 (BET/BJH) and to analyze the materials solvent - surface interaction nature the were determined goniometric measurements of surface free energy. Catalysts were evaluated for (Z)- cyclooctene and cyclohexane oxidation mediated by iodosylbenzene (PhIO) as the oxygen donor species to evaluate their catalytic activity as cytochrome P450 biomimetics. Structural parameters were compared to catalytic results related to cage solvent formation and the intermediate species high valence FeIV(O)P+. and MnV(O) P and how these factors affect the yield and selectivity of catalysts. MeP-SBA\'s reactions showed a range of 88-47 % for epoxidation (Z)-cyclooctene and cyclohexane oxidation yielding 2 to 8 % of cyclohexanol and 2 % of cyclohexanone. In the latter case was observed a higher selectivity for alcohol with FeP-SBA\'s.
32

Catalyse avec des métalloporphyrines : oxydation asymétrique et transfert de carbènes / Catalysis with metalloporphyrins : asymmetric oxidation and carbene transfer reactions

Srour, Hassan 14 October 2013 (has links)
La mission centrale de la chimie verte est d'inventer de nouveaux procédés non polluants pour remplacer les technologies peu favorables à l'environnement. L'emploi de métaux de transition relativement non toxiques en quantités catalytiques associés à des ligands chiraux a permis de réaliser une avancée dans le domaine de la synthèse asymétrique. Dans ce travail, nous avons mis en évidence la possibilité de l'utilisation du peroxyde d'hydrogène, un oxydant vert et économique, en association avec des métalloporphyrines hydrosolubles (Fe, Mn) pour effectuer des réactions d'oxydation asymétrique (sulfoxydation, époxydation et hydroxylation). Ces systèmes représentatifs d'un modèle de l'effet « shunt » des enzymes monooxygénases dérivées de la famille cytochrome P450 sont très efficaces. Ils conduisent dans certains cas à des excès énantiomériques élevés (82%). D'autre part, nous avons développé les réactions de transfert de carbènes dans l'eau (insertion N-H et cyclopropanation asymétrique) catalysées par des porphyrines de fer. L'utilisation du fer comme métal a permis de surmonter plusieurs limites souvent rencontrées avec d'autres métaux (Ru, Rh) lors des réactions de transfert de carbènes dans l'eau. Comme application de la réaction d'insertion N-H, nous avons réalisé la bio-conjugaison régiosélective de l'insuline avec une conversion très élevée (90%). / The goal of green chemistry is to promote the research and the development of innovative chemical technologies in order to reduce the contamination of environment. Significant progress in this field has been made by using relatively non toxic transition metal and chiral ligands to catalyze enantioselective transformations. In this work, we have reported the combination of hydrogen peroxide as environmentally benign and atom-economically oxidant with water-soluble metalloporphyrins (Fe, Mn) for the asymmetric oxidation of sulfides, alkenes and C-H bonds. These catalytic systems widely studied as models of cytochrome P450, gave high enantiomeric excesses (ee up to 82%). In the other hand, we have developed carbene transfer reactions in water as « green » solvent catalyzed by water soluble iron porphyrins. This metal (Fe) has been found to overcome many limitations related to the use of other metals (Ru, Rh) in aqueous media. As an application of N-H insertion reaction, the regioselective bio-conjugation of insulin has been demonstrated with high conversion (90%).
33

Catálise oxidativa de clusters de rutênio e porfirinas supramoleculares / Oxidative catalysis of ruthenium clusters and supramolecular porphyrins

Nunes, Genebaldo Sales 11 July 2005 (has links)
A atividade catalítica de clusters trigonais de acetato de rutênio e porfirinas supramoleculares contendo quatro unidades de clusters periféricos ou complexos de bis(bipiridina)rutênio, na oxidação de substratos orgânicos por iodosil-benzeno ou terc-butil-hidroperóxido, é abordada nesta tese. Foram feitos estudos cinéticos para elucidar o mecanismo de catálise, com especial destaque para duas espécies supramoleculares isoméricas representadas por Mn(3-TRPyP) ou Mn(4-TRPyP), nos quais os complexos de bis(bipiridina)(cloro)rutênio se coordenam à tetrapiridilporfirina através das posições meta ou para da ponte piridínica, respectivamente. Além da maior seletividade proporcionada pelos catalisadores supramoleculares, a substituição do íon cloreto pela água nos complexos periféricos de rutênio, intensificou a atividade catalítica, gerando novos sítios ativos, do tipo Ru(IV)=O. Também foram estudados clusters trinucleares de rutênio, altamente reativos, no estado Ru(III)Ru(IV)Ru(IV)=O. Estes foram gerados eletroquimicamente em solução aquosa, apresentando pronunciada atividade catalítica na oxidação do alcool benzílico. Finalmente, uma espécie dimérica de cluster, ainda inédita, com ponte oxo, foi caracterizada e investigada do ponto de vista catalítico. / The catalytic activity of trinuclear ruthenium clusters and supramolecular tetrapyridylporphyrins containing four peripheral cluster units or bis(bipyridine)ruthenium complexes, in the oxidation of organic substrates by iodosylbenzene or tert-butil-hydroperoxide, is dealt with in this thesis. Kinetic studies were performed in order to elucidate the mechanisms of catalysis involving two isomeric species denoted Mn(3-TRPyP) or Mn(4-TRPyP), in which the bis(bipyridine)(chloro)ruthenium complexes are bound to the tetrapyridylporphyrin center, at the meta or para positions of the pyridine bridge, respectively. In addition to the improved selectivity by such supramolecular catalysts, the substitution of the chloride ion by water in the peripheral ruthenium complexes, greatly enhanced their catalytic activity by generating new Ru(IV)=O reactive sites. Highly reactive trinuclear ruthenium clusters of the type Ru(III)Ru(IV)Ru(IV)=O were also generated electrochemically in aqueous solution, exhibiting pronounced catalytic activity in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Finally, a novel dimeric oxo-bridged cluster species was characterized, and its role in catalysis investigated.
34

Catálise oxidativa de clusters de rutênio e porfirinas supramoleculares / Oxidative catalysis of ruthenium clusters and supramolecular porphyrins

Genebaldo Sales Nunes 11 July 2005 (has links)
A atividade catalítica de clusters trigonais de acetato de rutênio e porfirinas supramoleculares contendo quatro unidades de clusters periféricos ou complexos de bis(bipiridina)rutênio, na oxidação de substratos orgânicos por iodosil-benzeno ou terc-butil-hidroperóxido, é abordada nesta tese. Foram feitos estudos cinéticos para elucidar o mecanismo de catálise, com especial destaque para duas espécies supramoleculares isoméricas representadas por Mn(3-TRPyP) ou Mn(4-TRPyP), nos quais os complexos de bis(bipiridina)(cloro)rutênio se coordenam à tetrapiridilporfirina através das posições meta ou para da ponte piridínica, respectivamente. Além da maior seletividade proporcionada pelos catalisadores supramoleculares, a substituição do íon cloreto pela água nos complexos periféricos de rutênio, intensificou a atividade catalítica, gerando novos sítios ativos, do tipo Ru(IV)=O. Também foram estudados clusters trinucleares de rutênio, altamente reativos, no estado Ru(III)Ru(IV)Ru(IV)=O. Estes foram gerados eletroquimicamente em solução aquosa, apresentando pronunciada atividade catalítica na oxidação do alcool benzílico. Finalmente, uma espécie dimérica de cluster, ainda inédita, com ponte oxo, foi caracterizada e investigada do ponto de vista catalítico. / The catalytic activity of trinuclear ruthenium clusters and supramolecular tetrapyridylporphyrins containing four peripheral cluster units or bis(bipyridine)ruthenium complexes, in the oxidation of organic substrates by iodosylbenzene or tert-butil-hydroperoxide, is dealt with in this thesis. Kinetic studies were performed in order to elucidate the mechanisms of catalysis involving two isomeric species denoted Mn(3-TRPyP) or Mn(4-TRPyP), in which the bis(bipyridine)(chloro)ruthenium complexes are bound to the tetrapyridylporphyrin center, at the meta or para positions of the pyridine bridge, respectively. In addition to the improved selectivity by such supramolecular catalysts, the substitution of the chloride ion by water in the peripheral ruthenium complexes, greatly enhanced their catalytic activity by generating new Ru(IV)=O reactive sites. Highly reactive trinuclear ruthenium clusters of the type Ru(III)Ru(IV)Ru(IV)=O were also generated electrochemically in aqueous solution, exhibiting pronounced catalytic activity in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Finally, a novel dimeric oxo-bridged cluster species was characterized, and its role in catalysis investigated.

Page generated in 0.0471 seconds