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Le Bronze moyen dans la plaine du Rhin supérieur : étude typochronologique du mobilier métallique et céramique / The Middle Bronze Age of the upper Rhine’s plain : typochronological study of metal objects and poteriesBillot-Bride, Magalie 20 December 2017 (has links)
Le renouvellement de la documentation lié au dynamisme de l’archéologie préventive, ainsi que la reprise systématique des données issues de fouilles anciennes et inédites ont permis de poser un regard neuf sur le Bronze moyen du sud de la plaine du Rhin supérieur. Le corpus, réuni pour ce travail, offre des données variées (objets métalliques, résineux et céramiques) d’origines diverses (habitats, sépultures, dépôts, objets isolés) qui ne se résument plus uniquement au matériel des nécropoles de la forêt de Haguenau. Les mobiliers métalliques et céramiques ont fait l’objet d’une étude distincte. Leur classement typologique associé à des analyses statistiques ont révélé sept étapes depuis fin du Bronze ancien (BA III/Bz A2b) jusqu’au début du Bronze final (BF 1/Bz D2). La phase moyenne du Bronze moyen (fin du BM I-début du BM II/Bz B2-C1) reste mal définie et semble quasi absente dans la région. La corrélation avec les dates absolues disponibles pour la région indique un intervalle chronologique situé entre 1600 et 1300 avant notre ère environ. Durant la phase ancienne, les contacts extérieurs sont centrés sur le sud du Bade-Wurtemberg, le Jura souabe et la Suisse occidentale. Puis les échanges gagnent en intensité, se diversifient et se tournent également en direction du nord, vers la région du Rhin moyen. / The renewal of documentation about the preventive archaeology dynamism, as well as the systematic recovery of datas from old or unpublished excavations have resulted in a fresh perspective at the Middle Bronze Age of the upper Rhine’s south plain. The corpus, joined in this work, gives varied datas (metallic, resinous objects, pottery), from various sources (settlements, graves, deposits, isolated objects), which is not limited to Haguenau’s cemeteries, anymore. Metallic materials and pottery had been examined individually. The determined typology, combined with statistical analysis show seven stages since the end of the Early Bronze Age (BA III/Bz A2b) to the beginning of Late Bronze Age (BF 1/Bz D2). The middle phase of the Middle Bronze Age (end of BM I-beginning of BM II/Bz B2-C1) remains uncleared and seems not to be in the Upper Rhine. The correlation with well-known absolute dates in the Upper Rhine comes to a time interval between 1600 and 1300 Before J-C, approximately. During the first stage, the interactions are located in the South of Baden-Württemberg, in the Swabian Alb and in the western Switzerland. Then, interactions continue to intensify, become more diverses towards the North, near the Middle Rhine.
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Culture matérielle et techniques artisanales, au Levant nord, au Bronze moyen (2000-1600 avant notre ère) : contacts et interactions entre différentes aires culturelles / Materials production and craft Techniques in North Levant during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1600) : contacts and interactions between diverse cultural areasGarci, Siham 05 October 2013 (has links)
A travers notre étude, nous avons voulu mieux comprendre la nature, ainsi que l'impact, des contacts culturels entre le Levant nord (région comprise entre la côte syro-libanaise et la vallée de l’Oronte) et ses voisins au Bronze moyen. L'analyse d'une partie du mobilier céramique, métallique, rocheux, osseux et vitreux - issu d'une trentaine de sites archéologiques du Levant nord - a permis de mettre en évidence diverses influences iconographiques mais également technologiques provenant essentiellement de la région méditerranéenne (d'Egypte, d'Anatolie et du Monde égéen) et de Mésopotamie. La multiplication des échanges diplomatiques et commerciaux a rendu possible la circulation des biens et des personnes ainsi que la transmission de savoir-faire et de procédés techniques méconnus jusqu'alors des artisans levantins nord. Nous assistons à cette période à un véritable essor des artisanats tels que la métallurgie, la faïencerie et l'ivoirerie. / This study aims to understand contacts, and their impacts, between North Levant (area situated between the syro-lebanese coast and the Oronte valley) and his neighbors during the Middle Bronze Age. The analysis of the ceramics, metallic productions, stone, bony and vitreous items - coming from thirty archaeological tells of North Levant - revealed various stylistic and technological cultural influences from Mediterranean's area (from Egypt, Anatolia and Aegean world) and Mesopotamia. The multiplication of diplomatic and commercial relationship promotes people and good's movement but also permits transmission of expertise and manufacturing process unknown by North Levantine craftsmen. This period is characterized by a real progress of metallurgy, faiences and ivory crafts.
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Les cultures du Wadi Suq et de Shimal dans la péninsule omanaise au deuxième millénaire avant notre ère : évolution des sociétés du Bronze Moyen et du Bronze récent / Wadi Suq and shimal cultures in the Oman peninsula in the IInd century millennium BC : evolutions and societies of the Middle Bronze Age and the Late Bronze AgeRighetti, Sabrina 23 January 2015 (has links)
Depuis la découverte dans les années 1970 des premiers vestiges du IIème millénaire av. J.-C., cette période est considérée comme une phase d’effondrement des cultures préhistoriques de la péninsule omanaise. Appelés « période Wadi Suq » les trois premiers quarts du IIème millénaire av. J.-C. sont encore bien souvent perçus comme une période de Dark Ages faisant suite à la disparition de la culture Umm an-Nar du IIIème millénaire av. J.-C. Cette période se caractériserait par une diminution de la population, un abandon des sites et le retour à un mode de vie nomade. Pourtant les fouilles menées depuis une trentaine d’années, aussi bien dans les oasis du nord que le long du littoral au sud-est de la péninsule, ont livré les témoignages d’une culture plus complexe et sans doute moins hétéroclite qu’on ne l’envisage habituellement. Ces nouvelles données nous invitent à nuancer l’hypothèse d’un profond bouleversement entre les IIIème et IIème millénaires, de sorte qu’il est aujourd’hui nécessaire d’opérer une synthèse des connaissances sur la période afin de proposer de nouvelles approches des changements à la fois économiques, politiques et sociaux, survenus au cours du Bronze moyen et récent. / Since the discovery in the 1970s of the first remains of the second millennium BC, this period has been considered a collapse phase of the prehistoric cultures of the Oman peninsula. Called “Wadi Suq period” the first three quarts of the second millennium BC are still often seen as a period of Dark Ages following the disappearance of the Umm an-Nar culture of the 3rd millenium BC. This period has been characterized by a decline in the population, the sites abandonment and a return to a nomadic lifestyle. Yet, excavations conducte dover the last thirty years, both in the oases of the north and along the southeast coast of the peninsula, have yielded evidence of a more complex culture and probably less heterogeneous than it is usually envisaged. These new data invite us to reine the hypothesis of a major upheaval between the 3rd and the 2nd millennia BC, so it is now necessary to make a synthesis of current knowledge about the period in order to propose new approaches to economic, political and social changes that occurred during the Middle and Late Bronze Age.
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Pastoral Mobility and the Formation of Complex Settlement in the Middle Bronze Age Serur Valley, AzerbaijanNugent, Selin Elizabeth 12 December 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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The warrior ethos within the context of the Ancient Near East : an archaeological and historical comparison between the world-views of warriors of the Fertile CrescentSchneider, Catharina Elizabeth Johanna 01 1900 (has links)
Thesis (D. Litt. et Phil. (Biblical Studies)) / The Fertile Crescent, due to its geographical characteristics, has always been an area troubled with
conflict and warfare. The men who participated in these wars, from ca 2000 BCE to 1000 BCE
operated from an ethos which was governed by a system of rules, all which were conceived to be the
creation of divine will, to which kings and their warriors (keymen) were subject. The cuneiform texts
from Mari, Ugarit, Ebla, Amarna and others, have not only thrown light on the political, social,
religious and military aspects of those turbulent times, but have also given insight into the formation
of armies as well as the commanders who led those armies and the royal officials who governed
cities and provinces, all appointed by the monarch in order to effect the smooth running of his
kingdom. They also shed light on the formation of coalitions and alliances in order to promote
peace, arrange marriages to the daughters of other ruling powers and to promote trade relations.
These were no easy tasks, considering the diversity of peoples, the birth and fall of kingdoms and
empires, and the ever shifting and changes of loyalties of greedy kings and their men, to attain
power and conquest for themselves.. However, these texts also give glimpses of the human side of
the king and the close relationships between himself and his men of authority, whilst the women of
the court also played their role in some areas of the social field. The responses, of these people
towards matters and events, whether they were confrontations, marriage alliances, trade ventures
or hunting expeditions, occurred within an ever changing world yet, it was also a world with an
ethos of ancient traditions, which did not disappear but instead remained, albeit in adapted or
altered form, to be a part of their contextual reality. / Biblical Studies
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The warrior ethos within the context of the Ancient Near East : an archaeological and historical comparison between the world-views of warriors of the Fertile CrescentSchneider, Catharina Elizabeth Johanna 01 1900 (has links)
Thesis (D. Litt. et Phil. (Biblical Studies)) / The Fertile Crescent, due to its geographical characteristics, has always been an area troubled with
conflict and warfare. The men who participated in these wars, from ca 2000 BCE to 1000 BCE
operated from an ethos which was governed by a system of rules, all which were conceived to be the
creation of divine will, to which kings and their warriors (keymen) were subject. The cuneiform texts
from Mari, Ugarit, Ebla, Amarna and others, have not only thrown light on the political, social,
religious and military aspects of those turbulent times, but have also given insight into the formation
of armies as well as the commanders who led those armies and the royal officials who governed
cities and provinces, all appointed by the monarch in order to effect the smooth running of his
kingdom. They also shed light on the formation of coalitions and alliances in order to promote
peace, arrange marriages to the daughters of other ruling powers and to promote trade relations.
These were no easy tasks, considering the diversity of peoples, the birth and fall of kingdoms and
empires, and the ever shifting and changes of loyalties of greedy kings and their men, to attain
power and conquest for themselves.. However, these texts also give glimpses of the human side of
the king and the close relationships between himself and his men of authority, whilst the women of
the court also played their role in some areas of the social field. The responses, of these people
towards matters and events, whether they were confrontations, marriage alliances, trade ventures
or hunting expeditions, occurred within an ever changing world yet, it was also a world with an
ethos of ancient traditions, which did not disappear but instead remained, albeit in adapted or
altered form, to be a part of their contextual reality. / Biblical Studies
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Společenský kontext mědi ve starověkém Egyptě do konce Střední říše / The Social Context of Copper in Ancient Egypt down to the end of Middle KingdomOdler, Martin January 2020 (has links)
1 Odler, Martin 2020: The social context of copper in Ancient Egypt down to the end of Middle Kingdom. PhD thesis. Prague: Charles University, Faculty of Arts. Supervisor: Prof. Mgr. Miroslav Bárta, Dr. Abstract The subject of the doctoral thesis is a reconstruction of the chaîne opératoire of copper in ancient Egypt from its earliest occurrence in the fourth millennium BC until the end of the Middle Kingdom. As copper was the metal most widely used in ancient Egyptian society, its study can offer statistical "big data" otherwise rarely available for ancient cultures. Three large groups of sources are discussed successively: written and iconographic sources, archaeological sources (material culture, i.e. artefacts), and archaeometallurgical sources, divided into several consecutive stages of the chaîne opératoire. Copper was named bjA and read [byr] in the periods under study, while an interpretation as arsenical copper with a low and high content of arsenic, respectively, is proposed for so- called Asian copper and Hsmn. In the Middle Kingdom, the term Hsmn begun to be used also for tin bronze. The word for crucible was bD(.t) and the word for metalworker (incorporating both metallurgists and smiths) was bD.ty. There is no substantial Egyptian evidence from the periods under study for the current...
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Epos o Zimrī-Lîmovi / The Epic of Zimrī-LîmVálek, František January 2022 (has links)
The presented master's thesis deals with the Epic of Zimrī-Lîm, a text from the ancient city of Mari from the beginning of the 18th century BC. The text of the epic is included in transliteration (based on the edition by Michaël Guichard from 2014) and in English translation. The epic has also been published online as the first entry of NERE (Near Eastern Royal Epics) project on ORACC (Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus). In addition to the text itself, the thesis includes a broader historical-cultural commentary. There, selected elements of the ancient text are portraited as well-set within the lived cultural-political environment of the ancient Near East, with particular attention to the time of Zimrī-Lîm. Most of the space is devoted to the religious aspect of the work, especially the role of the deities. Last but not least, the composition is discussed within the context of other royal epics of the ancient Near East. Key Words Zimrī-Lîm, Mari, TellHariri, epic, royal epics, Akkadian literature, narrative, royal ideology, religion, ancient Syria, ancient Mesopotamia, ancient Near East, Middle Bronze Age
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