We adapted the chord diagram plot to visualize China's recent inter-provincial migration during 2010-2015. The arrowheads were added to present the direction of the flows. This method allows us to show the complete migration flows between 31 provinces in China including the direction and volume of the flows. The spatial component was also clearly depicted in the plot using four color palates representing four regions in China (i.e. East, Center, West, Northeast) and arranging the 31 provinces in an approximate geographic order. Besides that, we extend the chord diagram plot to describe China's bilateral net migration during 2010-2015.

The thesis aims to estimate the future migration flows from Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova to the EU. Based on the experience of previous EU enlargements and econometric modelling using the method of Ordinary Least Squares with Fixed Effects, multiple forecasts are created. The forecasts capture the likely development of migration flows in the event of collapse of labour market restrictions as well as the case of no labour market liberalization. The results show that migration flows are expected to be moderate, posing no threats to the stability of the labour markets of EU member states. The increase of migration due to the accession to the EU is likely to be short-term, without substantial impacts in the long-run. Ukraine has the biggest migration potential and is likely to supply the highest amount of labour migration.

We present a method aimed at estimating global bilateral migration flows and assessing their determinants. We employ that fact that available net migration figures for a country are (nonlinear) aggregates of migration flows from and to all other countries of the world in order to construct a statistical model that links the determinants of (unobserved) migration ows to total net migration. Using simple specifications based on the gravity model for international migration, we find that migration flows can be explained by standard gravity model variables such as GDP differences, distance or bilateral population. The usefulness of such models is exemplified by combining estimated specifications with population and GDP projections in order to assess quantitatively the expected changes in migration flows to Europe in the coming decades. / Series: WWWforEurope

A imigração aos Estados Unidos se tornou um dos maiores fenômenos globais durante o sécu-lo XX. Alguns fatores, entretanto, estariam indicando que, especialmente a partir da crise e-conômica de 2008, os fluxos migratórios ao país norte-americano poderiam estar diminuindo. Este trabalho busca analisar tal movimento recente de imigração aos Estados Unidos à luz do histórico das políticas migratórias adotadas no país, partindo da hipótese de que a aparente redução da imigração aos Estados Unidos se trata de uma questão temporária. Inicialmente, é examinado o histórico da imigração aos Estados Unidos desde os primeiros imigrantes do país até a década de 1970, em que são abordados os principais acontecimentos históricos desta fase e sua influência na imigração, com destaque às políticas migratórias adotadas no período. A seguir, analisa-se a maneira como os índices migratórios se elevaram fortemente ao final do século XX. São debatidos os motivos que levaram a este aumento e a forma como os Estados Unidos lidaram com a questão. Por fim, o trabalho aborda alguns fatores da década de 2000 que poderiam estar causando uma redução nos índices migratórios aos Estados Unidos. São eles a crise econômica de 2008; o aumento da segurança da fronteira americana com o Méxi-co; as políticas migratórias do final dos anos 2000 (com destaque à proposta da reforma do sistema migratório de Barack Obama e a lei SB 1070 do estado americano do Arizona); e as condições internas de alguns dos países de origem dos migrantes (México, América Central e Caribe, Brasil e alguns países asiáticos) e a maneira como elas afetam a imigração de nacio-nais destes países aos Estados Unidos. A análise realizada aponta que, embora tenha havido uma redução dos índices migratórios em comparação aos anos 1990, a leve tendência de que-da apresentada ao final da década de 2000 não configura um movimento permanente, mas, sim, insere-se na tradição da imigração aos Estados Unidos de apresentar diferentes fluxos de crescimento e queda ao longo de sua história. / Immigration to the United States became a major global phenomena during the twentieth cen-tury. Some factors, however, could be indicating that, especially since the 2008 economic crisis, migration flows to the North American country could be slowing. This paper analyses this recent flow of immigration to the United States in light of the history of immigration pol-icies adopted in the country, based on the assumption that the apparent reduction in immigra-tion to the United States is a temporary issue. Initially, we analyze the history of immigration to the Unites States since the country's first immigrants until the 1970s, in which we focus on the main historical events of this phase and its influence on immigration, especially migration policies adopted in this period. Next, we analyze how migration flows rose sharply at the end of the twentieth century. We debate the reasons that took to this increase and the way the United States dealt with the subject. Finally, we discuss some factors of the 2000s which could be causing a reduction in the immigration rates in the United States. They are the 2008 economic crisis; the enforcement in the security of the American border with Mexico; the migration policies of the late 2000s (particularly Barack Obama's proposed migration system reform and the SB 1070 law of the U. S. state of Arizona); and the internal condition of some of the migrants' countries of origin (Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, Brazil and some Asian countries) and the way they affect immigration from nationals of these countries to the United States. The analysis indicates that, though there has been a reduction in migra-tion flows compared to the 1990s, the slight downward trend shown by the end of the 2000s does not configure a permanent process, but rather is part of the tradition of immigration to the United States to present different flows of rises and falls of migrations throughout its his-tory.

A imigração aos Estados Unidos se tornou um dos maiores fenômenos globais durante o sécu-lo XX. Alguns fatores, entretanto, estariam indicando que, especialmente a partir da crise e-conômica de 2008, os fluxos migratórios ao país norte-americano poderiam estar diminuindo. Este trabalho busca analisar tal movimento recente de imigração aos Estados Unidos à luz do histórico das políticas migratórias adotadas no país, partindo da hipótese de que a aparente redução da imigração aos Estados Unidos se trata de uma questão temporária. Inicialmente, é examinado o histórico da imigração aos Estados Unidos desde os primeiros imigrantes do país até a década de 1970, em que são abordados os principais acontecimentos históricos desta fase e sua influência na imigração, com destaque às políticas migratórias adotadas no período. A seguir, analisa-se a maneira como os índices migratórios se elevaram fortemente ao final do século XX. São debatidos os motivos que levaram a este aumento e a forma como os Estados Unidos lidaram com a questão. Por fim, o trabalho aborda alguns fatores da década de 2000 que poderiam estar causando uma redução nos índices migratórios aos Estados Unidos. São eles a crise econômica de 2008; o aumento da segurança da fronteira americana com o Méxi-co; as políticas migratórias do final dos anos 2000 (com destaque à proposta da reforma do sistema migratório de Barack Obama e a lei SB 1070 do estado americano do Arizona); e as condições internas de alguns dos países de origem dos migrantes (México, América Central e Caribe, Brasil e alguns países asiáticos) e a maneira como elas afetam a imigração de nacio-nais destes países aos Estados Unidos. A análise realizada aponta que, embora tenha havido uma redução dos índices migratórios em comparação aos anos 1990, a leve tendência de que-da apresentada ao final da década de 2000 não configura um movimento permanente, mas, sim, insere-se na tradição da imigração aos Estados Unidos de apresentar diferentes fluxos de crescimento e queda ao longo de sua história. / Immigration to the United States became a major global phenomena during the twentieth cen-tury. Some factors, however, could be indicating that, especially since the 2008 economic crisis, migration flows to the North American country could be slowing. This paper analyses this recent flow of immigration to the United States in light of the history of immigration pol-icies adopted in the country, based on the assumption that the apparent reduction in immigra-tion to the United States is a temporary issue. Initially, we analyze the history of immigration to the Unites States since the country's first immigrants until the 1970s, in which we focus on the main historical events of this phase and its influence on immigration, especially migration policies adopted in this period. Next, we analyze how migration flows rose sharply at the end of the twentieth century. We debate the reasons that took to this increase and the way the United States dealt with the subject. Finally, we discuss some factors of the 2000s which could be causing a reduction in the immigration rates in the United States. They are the 2008 economic crisis; the enforcement in the security of the American border with Mexico; the migration policies of the late 2000s (particularly Barack Obama's proposed migration system reform and the SB 1070 law of the U. S. state of Arizona); and the internal condition of some of the migrants' countries of origin (Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, Brazil and some Asian countries) and the way they affect immigration from nationals of these countries to the United States. The analysis indicates that, though there has been a reduction in migra-tion flows compared to the 1990s, the slight downward trend shown by the end of the 2000s does not configure a permanent process, but rather is part of the tradition of immigration to the United States to present different flows of rises and falls of migrations throughout its his-tory.

A imigração aos Estados Unidos se tornou um dos maiores fenômenos globais durante o sécu-lo XX. Alguns fatores, entretanto, estariam indicando que, especialmente a partir da crise e-conômica de 2008, os fluxos migratórios ao país norte-americano poderiam estar diminuindo. Este trabalho busca analisar tal movimento recente de imigração aos Estados Unidos à luz do histórico das políticas migratórias adotadas no país, partindo da hipótese de que a aparente redução da imigração aos Estados Unidos se trata de uma questão temporária. Inicialmente, é examinado o histórico da imigração aos Estados Unidos desde os primeiros imigrantes do país até a década de 1970, em que são abordados os principais acontecimentos históricos desta fase e sua influência na imigração, com destaque às políticas migratórias adotadas no período. A seguir, analisa-se a maneira como os índices migratórios se elevaram fortemente ao final do século XX. São debatidos os motivos que levaram a este aumento e a forma como os Estados Unidos lidaram com a questão. Por fim, o trabalho aborda alguns fatores da década de 2000 que poderiam estar causando uma redução nos índices migratórios aos Estados Unidos. São eles a crise econômica de 2008; o aumento da segurança da fronteira americana com o Méxi-co; as políticas migratórias do final dos anos 2000 (com destaque à proposta da reforma do sistema migratório de Barack Obama e a lei SB 1070 do estado americano do Arizona); e as condições internas de alguns dos países de origem dos migrantes (México, América Central e Caribe, Brasil e alguns países asiáticos) e a maneira como elas afetam a imigração de nacio-nais destes países aos Estados Unidos. A análise realizada aponta que, embora tenha havido uma redução dos índices migratórios em comparação aos anos 1990, a leve tendência de que-da apresentada ao final da década de 2000 não configura um movimento permanente, mas, sim, insere-se na tradição da imigração aos Estados Unidos de apresentar diferentes fluxos de crescimento e queda ao longo de sua história. / Immigration to the United States became a major global phenomena during the twentieth cen-tury. Some factors, however, could be indicating that, especially since the 2008 economic crisis, migration flows to the North American country could be slowing. This paper analyses this recent flow of immigration to the United States in light of the history of immigration pol-icies adopted in the country, based on the assumption that the apparent reduction in immigra-tion to the United States is a temporary issue. Initially, we analyze the history of immigration to the Unites States since the country's first immigrants until the 1970s, in which we focus on the main historical events of this phase and its influence on immigration, especially migration policies adopted in this period. Next, we analyze how migration flows rose sharply at the end of the twentieth century. We debate the reasons that took to this increase and the way the United States dealt with the subject. Finally, we discuss some factors of the 2000s which could be causing a reduction in the immigration rates in the United States. They are the 2008 economic crisis; the enforcement in the security of the American border with Mexico; the migration policies of the late 2000s (particularly Barack Obama's proposed migration system reform and the SB 1070 law of the U. S. state of Arizona); and the internal condition of some of the migrants' countries of origin (Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, Brazil and some Asian countries) and the way they affect immigration from nationals of these countries to the United States. The analysis indicates that, though there has been a reduction in migra-tion flows compared to the 1990s, the slight downward trend shown by the end of the 2000s does not configure a permanent process, but rather is part of the tradition of immigration to the United States to present different flows of rises and falls of migrations throughout its his-tory.

In the first essay, I examine stock market implications of state-to-state migration flows that are known to provide the basis for social and business networks. I observe sizeable and robust excess return comovement between migration-flow receiving and sending states at both the individual stock and the state portfolio levels. Although I find that migration flows are associated with firms’ business activities, this comovement is not fully explained by economic fundamentals and decreases substantially when firms relocate to other states. In line with the view that migration networks form the basis for a common investor base for receiving and sending states stocks, I find that a) receiving states account for a significant portion of sending states stocks’ trading volume, and b) migration comovement is strongly correlated with the percent of local population born in migration states and more prevalent in states where retail investors display “old home” bias in addition to local bias. Moreover, consistent with the view that migration comovement may be rooted in sentiment shared by a common investor base, I find that it coexists with mispricing, measured by stock return reversals. In the second essay, I test whether takeover targets are more likely to be connected to bidders via domestic migration network by relating acquisitions with the availability of social and business networks formed via interstate migration flows. I find that targets are more likely to be from the migration sending states when migration networks are sturdier. Additionally, I find that targets are more likely to be from migration sending states with stronger migration network a) when acquirer and targets are in different industries, b) when migration network involves non-neighboring states, and c) when targets are small. The results are consistent with the notion that information advantage is at least a partial explanation of firms’ propensity to choose targets from migration sending states, especially when information asymmetry about target is more pronounced. Moreover, I find that takeover premium is smaller and acquirer announcement returns are higher when migration sending states targets are small with low institutional ownership, which substantiate the view that migration networks present enhanced accessibility of soft information to acquirers and that the effect of such information advantage is valuable when there is substantial degree of information asymmetry regarding targets.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-09-18T13:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1052898 bytes, checksum: 488bc614605c52cddafb046cffc927fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-18T13:28:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1052898 bytes, checksum: 488bc614605c52cddafb046cffc927fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Migration flows are a constant phenomenon in human history, which are enhanced by several factors, such as globalization and the complex cycle of economic and financial crisis. The Brazil, seen today on the world stage as an emerging country, has been increasingly sought by immigrants in search of better living conditions. These are attracted to positive expectations and sighted here employment opportunities, acceptance, tolerance and life changing. However, the expected is not always true because, despite being a signatory to the main international human rights treaties and advances in the treatment of this subject, there are still several flaws in the management of migrants in our country. There are still commonplace cases of a large number of Bolivians, especially those who are undocumented, working in conditions analogous to slavery and suffering various types of human rights violations. There is thus the interest in understanding the Brazilian position as to face these degrading situations. The hypothesis in this paper is that it takes place due to several factors, among which we highlight the absence of targeted public policies and the inconsistency between theory and practice. In this way, it will be investigated the reasons for the absence in Brazil of a current Migration Act and its opposite position to ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers and Their Families Protection. It will also be checked so that institutions and civil society act to protect these labor migrants. Finally, this study aims to bring the limits, challenges and advances that Brazil has to build a satisfactory migration policy. / Os fluxos migratórios são um fenômeno constante na história da humanidade, que são potencializados por diversos fatores, tais como a globalização e o complexo ciclo de crise econômico-financeira. O Brasil, visto hoje no cenário mundial como país emergente, tem sido cada vez mais procurado por imigrantes em busca de melhores condições de vida. Estes são atraídos por expectativas positivas e enxergam aqui oportunidades de emprego, acolhimento, tolerância e mudança de vida. Porém, nem sempre o esperado é concretizado, pois, apesar de ser signatário dos principais tratados internacionais de direitos humanos e dos avanços no trato deste assunto, ainda existem diversas falhas na gerência dos migrantes em nosso país. Ainda há casos corriqueiros de um grande contingente de bolivianos, principalmente os que se encontram em situação irregular, trabalhando em condições análogas à escravidão e sofrendo diversos tipos de violações de Direitos Humanos. Daí advém o interesse pela compreensão do posicionamento brasileiro quanto ao enfrentamento a estas situações degradantes. A hipótese levantada neste trabalho é a de que isto decorre devido a vários fatores, dentre eles, destacam-se a ausência de políticas públicas com viés de direitos humanos e a incoerência entre a teoria e a prática. Desta forma, serão averiguadas as razões da inexistência no Brasil de uma Lei de Migrações atualizada e do seu posicionamento contrário à ratificação da Convenção da ONU sobre a Proteção dos Direitos dos Trabalhadores Migrantes e Suas Famílias. Além disso, será verificada a maneira que as instituições e sociedade civil atuam para a proteção destes migrantes laborais. Ao final, este estudo pretende trazer os limites, desafios e avanços que o Brasil possui na construção de uma política migratória satisfatória.

The Diploma Thesis focuses on the general characteristics of the internal and external migration in the area of South Bohemia. One of the most important part of the thesis is the division and the definition of the migration regions of South Bohemia and their comparison with the migration regions according to J. Čekal and administration units SO ORP. The thesis also shows the geographical characteristics of South Bohemia and its historical development of the population and migration. The main part of the Diploma thesis is the analysis of the migration in the region with the help of migration indicators. South Bohemia is a profit region in 1991-2015, the arrival of the new inhabitants is seen mainly in the area of České Budějovice and the regions around bigger county cities. The thesis is also focused on the counterurbanisation flows in the chosen migration area Český Krumlov where the bigger migration activity from the bigger cities did not prove itself. The results are presented with the help of cartographical, graphical and table charts that enable better interpretation of the research.

This thesis is devoted to migration mobility of seniors in the Czech Republic in the years 2001 - 2003 and 2010 - 2012. The theoretical part is discussing general issues of demographic aging, the issue of seniors in the Czech Republic from the perspective of the pension system and pension reform. There is also characterized the care for the elderly and subsequently stated distribution of seniors by district and by size of groups of municipalities in the Czech Republic. The last part of the basic issues is dedicated to the migration, followed by the evaluation of the development of migration in the Czech Republic and partly international migration of seniors. The main part is focused on the issue of migration behavior. The analysis of a large set of data migration is performed at the regional, district level and also between size groups of municipalities. The aim was to evaluate regions, or municipalities size groups in terms of their attractiveness for seniors. For people over 60 years were most attractive small and middle cities. It was also shown that migrants migrate for shorter distances, since migration between municipalities within the county produces around 50% of all all moving. Subsequently reasons for moving are compared for the years 2001 - 2003, which was a task to figure out why...