[pt] Os combates modernos acontecem cada vez mais dentro das cidades, muitas vezes dentro de casa, becos, galpões, em ambientes com um espaço restrito onde tudo acontece de maneira muito rápida e com adversários que não são fáceis de serem identificados. Em uma situação dessa, a identificação positiva do alvo se torna imprescindível para que o soldado possa decidir da maneira correta se deve ou não atirar no que ele está vendo. Esse é um dos desafios que o Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais enfrenta: preparar seu soldado para nova realidade de maneira segura e com baixos custos. Por esse motivo a Realidade Virtual pode ser uma solução plausível para esse problema, preparar o militar no seu processo decisório e de maneira eficiente para uma situação de combate em ambiente confinado. O presente trabalho foi baseado em dois ambientes virtuais, o primeiro é uma sala de treinamento e o segundo, uma situação de combate em ambiente confinado (CQB - Close Quarters Battle). Em ambas as situações, 8 instruendos foram avaliados por 4 instrutores, onde obtivemos resultados positivos referentes a possibilidade do emprego do sistema no adestramento de CQB para o ensino da identificação positiva do alvo, além de propostas de estudos futuros. / [en] Modern combat increasingly takes place inside cities, often indoors, alleys, sheds, in environments with a restricted space where everything happens very quickly and with opponents that are not easy to identify. In such a situation, positive identification of the target becomes essential so that the soldier can correctly decide whether or not to shoot what s/he is seeing. This is one of the challenges that the Marine Corps faces: to prepare the soldier for a new reality in a safe and low-cost way. For this reason, Virtual Reality can be a plausible solution to this problem, preparing the military in its decision-making process and efficiently for a combat situation in a confined environment. The present work was based on two virtual environments, the first one is a training room, and the second a Close Quarters Battle (CQB). In both situations, 8 trainees were evaluated by 4 instructors, where we obtained positive results regarding the possibility of use of the system in CQB training to teach positive target identification, in addition to proposals for future studies.

Army first responders, specifically Combat Medics and Combat Lifesavers, provide medical intervention while in the field. Didactic as well as hands-on training helps to prepare these first responders, and one module they receive involves bleeding control. First responders are taught to use the Combat Application Tourniquet® (CAT® ) to stop bleeding from limbs subjected to severe injury such as amputation, gunshot, or severe lacerations. A training aid like the Multiple Amputee Trauma Trainer™ (MATT™) simulator provides tourniquet training using a lifelike bilateral lower limb amputee. In addition, MATT™ combines movement and resistance while the first responder applies the tourniquet, mimicking conditions one would see in a real situation. This research describes tourniquet history, appropriate usage, field tourniquet review, surgical tourniquet, CAT® bleeding intervention procedures, bleeding physiology and complications, prehospital tourniquet use in recent conflicts, medical simulation fidelity, and a review of the value of animatronic movement during tourniquet simulation-based training. I then evaluate the effectiveness of animatronic movement during tourniquet training using the Advanced MATT in an experiment using Army first responders. The control group experienced no movement while the experimental group experienced movement when applying a tourniquet during the lab-training. Each group then alternately experienced Advanced MATT movement during an immersive scenario along with fog, strobe lights, and battle sounds. It was hypothesized that 1) In the immersive scenario, the experimental groups (i.e., those who were trained on a moving simulator) would have a faster reaction time as compared to those participants who did not receive training on the moving Advanced MATT simulator; 2) In the iv lab-based training, the experimental groups would have a slower reaction time; 3) In the immersive scenario, the experimental groups would have a faster tourniquet application time when subjected to movement while in the lab-based training, but the experimental groups would also have a slower tourniquet application time when initially subjected to movement in the laboratory-based training; finally, 4, 5, and 6) Participants who completed lab-based tourniquet training on the Advanced MATT simulation with animatronic movement would report higher perceived realism scores than participants who complete the training on a static version of the Advanced MATT and participants who completed a tourniquet training immersive scenario on the Advanced MATT simulation with movement would report higher perceived realism, presence, and self-efficacy scores than participants who complete the training on a static version of the Advanced MATT. The empirical results show a significant overall training effect of the Advanced MATT simulator (with or without movement). For reaction time and tourniquet application time, involving simulator movement was significant over varying scenarios. A small reduction in reaction and tourniquet application time on the battlefield may be extremely beneficial on the battlefield. Participants who received movement generally gave more positive reactions than those who did not received movement, although these results failed to reach statistical significance. Participants who received movement, followed by a scenario without movement rated the subjective ratings the lowest, suggestive of the lack of movement. Furthermore, despite the order movement was received, no large drops in performance occurred in any condition, indicating that negative training was avoided

The School of the Americas (SOA), currently known as the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (WHINSEC), is a Latin American training program run by the U.S. army since 1946. While the U.S. claimed they were training young men to serve as security personnel for South America, the trainees were often violent, acting more like CIA-trained terrorists, killing innocent people and serving as leaders in some of the worst South American dictatorial regimes. Most of these regimes heavily utilized rape as a key tactic of repression rising to the level of genocide, such as reported by other researches in both the Peruvian and Guatemalan civil wars where rape was used by SOA graduates against Indigenous populations to physically and psychologically damage the populace. While the functions of rape in civil conflicts have been identified by research and witnessed in the actions of SOA graduates, I find hesitant evidence that sexual assault was a legitimate torture and counterinsurgency tool taught at the SOA.

The purpose of this research was to increase understanding of ecology and control of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) to assist with management of this invasive grass. To address different aspects of cogongrass management, I examined factors that affect spread of cogongrass, effects of cogongrass on native plant communities, and use of three native species to suppress cogongrass. Relative susceptibility of pine-bluestem and pine-shrub vegetation associations to vegetative encroachment and seed dispersal of cogongrass were evaluated. Vegetative encroachment into burned and unburned areas of these two vegetation associations also was measured. Effects of infestation size on vegetative growth of cogongrass and relationships between military activity and establishment and growth of cogongrass on military firing points were investigated. I also compared frequency of cogongrass infestation and vegetative growth rates for unpaved roads with different levels of traffic and maintenance. Native plant richness, diversity, and abundance were compared between cogongrass infestations and in uninfested adjacent areas for longleaf pine-bluestem and ruderal, cleared areas. Morella cerifera (L.) Small, Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene, and Panicum virgatum L. were tested for their ability to suppress cogongrass re-growth after treatment with a herbicide. Mean vegetative encroachment of cogongrass was < 2 m/yr for both habitat types regardless of burning. Vegetative encroachment was more than double in burned plots compared to unburned plots. Spikelets of cogongrass consistently dispersed farther into pine-bluestem (x¯ =17.3 m) forests compared to pine-shrub forests (x¯ = 9.4 m). Vegetative encroachment was not affected by size of infestation for cogongrass patches on firing points (x¯ < 1 m/yr) (P > 0.643). In areas of soil disturbance from military equipment, vegetative expansion rates of 7-10 m/yr were recorded. There was a positive relationship between military troop use and cogongrass establishment for one of the 2 years of the study (P = 0.023). Growth and establishment of cogongrass did not vary for unpaved roads with differing levels of maintenance and traffic (P > 0.173). Species diversity and abundance of herbaceous vegetation was less in cogongrass infestations compared to uninfested adjacent areas. Complete suppression of cogongrass was not evident for any of three native species tested.

No description available.

The master thesis is dedicated to the stabilization role of the European Union in Africa with focus on the military training missions in Somalia and Mali. The aim is to analyze and evaluate their prosperity and additionaly to draw conclusions about the future involvement of these types of missions in Africa, since the military missions with the civilian aspects seem to be the perspective way of the EU engagement in Africa. The thesis is also supported by the evaluation of the socioeconomic cooperation which is also crucial for the stabilization role of the EU in Africa.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / This thesis provides a critical analysis of the development of the military staff officer education and training system in Ukraine. The chronological scope of research includes a period from January 1992 to December 1998. The research examines the status of officer training after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the reasons for the creation of a national higher military school in Ukraine. The research also covers the evolution of ideas and opinions on Ukraine's creation of its modern system of officer personnel training from 1992-1998. This thesis traces the process of the creation of the national system of the officer personnel training and its influence on the organization of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It examines the roles of influential bodies of State power and military authorities in solving the conceptual questions of reforming the system of higher military education. The author describes and provides his own interpretation of the events, facts and phenomena related to the creation of the officer personnel training system and its influence on the creation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. / Major, Ukrainian Army

Title: Determination energy costingness and means of it's cover in complex outdoor performance in special physical training Objektive of work: Objektive of this work was to found the level of the stress and it's energetic severity of the Komplex drill in Special physical education as a komplex and so the each Themis, which are in the Komplex drill contained. Consequently energy costingness compare with options of energy cover which are availiable for soldiers of Czech army Metod: Master thesis was processed as a empiric kvantitative research with method of shared watching proband in the Komplex drill in nature. In the first part of the thesis there was found the level of the minute lungs ventilation with the spiroergometric test. In the second part there was a observation with seven participants of the Komplex drill. After that we did analysis of all possibilities which have soldiers of Czech army availiable. Results: There was the observation of the heart beat frequence, in duration 27 hours. The highest depletion of the energy was observed in theme of the movements in the nature, concretely in orienteering run. Average heart beat frequence was 161 beats per minute. The lowest heart beat frequence in the themes of the Special physical education was observed in surfoval drills where it was 105...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Katia Cristiane Vomero Pereira.pdf: 2640124 bytes, checksum: 8af5fa64e1c4d5193ae89b42354af3fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-09 / The work aimed to reflect issues related to the development of social and emotional skills in a group of young scholars and the importance of this knowledge as an aid to their healthy growth. The scenario of a practical activity carried out within a military training course served as field of study to this research, and tried to cover concepts such as self-awareness, motivation, overcoming limits, coping strategies, emotional control, empathy. In military training, while educational activity, the expansion of intelligence is essential for the full constitution of the individual. Such training grants, indirectly through behavior change, a chance for the improvement of inter and intrapersonal skills. Making a cut, the objective of the research was to investigate a specific instruction called Campaign Activity can be thought or not as supportive environment for the promotion of skills and / or social and emotional skills of the target audience. The research method used was the quantitative approach. A sample was selected from 160 (one hundred and sixty) young scholars of engineering degree and 25 (twenty five) educational agents (military instructors involved in the training process). The sample subjects answered questionnaires, which were analyzed expectations pre and post-campaign activity, the goals expected by forming agents (instructors) and real learning in terms of socio-emotional aspects by trainees. The results showed that the Campaign Activity can be thought of like a supportive environment for the student staff's social growth experiences. With different levels of development of social and emotional attributes by young people, the hypothesis could be confirmed that there is rather an opening that should be considered, to work with the student's individual powers on the emotional and social context / O trabalho reflete questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de habilidades ou competências sociais e emocionais em um grupo de jovens acadêmicos e a importância destas aprendizagens como auxílio para o crescimento saudável deles. O cenário de uma atividade prática realizada dentro de um curso de formação militar serviu como campo de estudo desta pesquisa, e tentou abranger conceitos tais como: autoconhecimento, motivação, superação de limites, estratégias de enfrentamento, controle emocional, empatia. Na formação militar, enquanto ação educativa, a expansão da inteligência é indispensável para a constituição completa do indivíduo. Tal formação concede, indiretamente, por meio de mudanças de comportamento, uma possibilidade para o aprimoramento de habilidades inter e intrapessoais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar se uma instrução específica chamada Atividade de Campanha, pode ser pensada ou não como ambiente de apoio para a promoção de competências e/ou habilidades sociais e emocionais do público alvo. O método da pesquisa utilizado foi a abordagem quantitativa. A amostra, por conveniência foi composta por 160 (cento e sessenta) jovens acadêmicos do curso de engenharia e 25 (vinte e cinco) agentes educadores (instrutores militares envolvidos no processo de formação). Os sujeitos da amostra responderam a questionários elaborados especialmente para avaliar esta atividade, onde foram abordadas as expectativas pré e pós-Atividade de Campanha, os objetivos esperados pelos agentes formadores (instrutores) e os reais aprendizados em termos de aspectos socioemocionais pelos instruendos. Os resultados apontaram que a Atividade de Campanha pode ser pensada como um ambiente de apoio para a vivência de experiências de crescimento social e pessoal dos alunos. Com diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento de atributos sociais e emocionais pelos jovens, a hipótese que se confirma é que existe sim uma abertura, que deve ser considerada, para se trabalhar com eles as potências individuais tanto no âmbito emocional quanto social

<p>Vådabekämpningar är inget nytt fenomen när det kommer till militära operationer. För att kunna lösa detta problem så måste man ta reda på vilka de största orsakerna till vådabekämpning är samt vilka lösningar det finns för att minska risken. I denna uppsats har det genomförts kvalitativa litteraturstudier om fenomenet vådabekämpning, från <em>Operation Desert Storm</em> och framåt.</p><p> Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera hur arbetet med att förhindra vådabekämpningar skulle kunna se ut, samt ta reda på vilka de största anledningarna är till att vådabekämpningar uppstår.</p><p> Analysen visar att det finns en rad olika orsaker till att vådabekämpningar uppstår. Vidare så visas ett antal åtgärder som kan vidtas för att minska risken för vådabekämpningar. Resultatet visar på att det går att reducerar riskerna, men att fenomenet aldrig helt kan försvinna.</p> / <p>When it comes to military operations, fratricide is not a new phenomenon. In order to solve the problem of fratricide, one has to be aware of its major cause as well as the means by which the risk of fratricide can be decreased. This paper presents a qualitative study of literature concerning the phenomenon of fratricide from the time of <em>Operation Desert Storm</em> and after.</p><p>The purpose of the paper is to learn how the work to prevent fratricide might be organized as well as outlining the major causes of fratricide.</p><p> The analysis shows that there are several causes to fratricide. It also presents a number of actions that can be taken to decrease the risk of it happening. The result shows that even though the risk can indeed be reduced the phenomenon as such will never disappear completely.</p>