Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCSS_DISSERT.pdf: 2588956 bytes, checksum: ad2a10af747de3a947e57b0d52b93eb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study examines peasant family farming from an agroecological perspective. It intends to analyze the changes resulting from the transition from conventional to agro-ecological agriculture in the daily practices of farmers articulated associated with the Network of Agroecological and Solidarity Farmers of the Curu and Aracatia?u Valleys Territory, the locus of this empirical research, and a space which has highlighted the social dynamics of agroecological innovation, as well as articulating environmental exchanges and knowledge development. As a way to further that goal, we seek to identify the forms of social organization previously present in the daily lives of these subjects, in addition to grasping the determinants that lead or led them to adopt agroecology, noting the need to verify the forms of resistance, and the strategies adopted by farmers and how they articulate collectively. Through the historical and dialectical methods, we seek to take the implications of technical modernization of agriculture under the conditions of production and reproduction of peasants and thus situate the emergence of agroecology, a focus that is born as a counterpoint to conventional patterns of agricultural development based on the paradigm of the Green Revolution. We structured this study around the trajectory of agroecological farmers that developed and internalized agroecological practices, processes, and organizational forms. For the analysis, we used theoretical and methodological frameworks from literature related to field research. The systematization and analysis of experiments revealed that agroecological transition is a broad process of change, not restricted to technical matters. We observed changes in production practices, diversification of production and feeding practices, ecological awareness, production autonomy, and organizations formed to face the challenges resulting from the imposition of the dominant agricultural development model that combines environmental degradation, land ownership concentration, and wealth concentration / Esse estudo tem como universo tem?tico a agricultura familiar camponesa na perspectiva agroecol?gica. Pretende analisar as mudan?as decorrentes do processo de transi??o da agricultura convencional para agricultura agroecol?gica no cotidiano dos agricultores e agricultoras articulados ? Rede de Agricultores Agroecol?gicos e Solid?rios do Territ?rio dos Vales do Curu e Aracatia?u, l?cus da pesquisa emp?rica. Como caminho para o aprofundamento desse objetivo, procuramos identificar as formas de organiza??o social anteriormente presentes no cotidiano desses sujeitos, al?m de apreender os determinantes que os levam ou os levaram a adotar a agroecologia, atentando para a necessidade de verificar as formas de resist?ncia e, por fim, as estrat?gias constru?das pelos agricultores e como estas se articulam coletivamente. A tematiza??o da agroecologia coloca-se como uma problem?tica complexa, o que implica em articular a dimens?o sociot?cnica com as lutas sociais e ecol?gicas em resposta ? marginaliza??o e degrada??o impostas pelo modelo de desenvolvimento agr?cola dominante. A partir do m?todo hist?rico e dial?tico, buscamos apanhar as implica??es da moderniza??o t?cnica da agricultura sob as condi??es de produ??o e reprodu??o dos camponeses e, assim, situar a emerg?ncia da agroecologia, enfoque que nasce como contraponto ao padr?o convencional de desenvolvimento agr?cola baseado no paradigma da Revolu??o Verde. Estruturamos o presente estudo em torno das pr?ticas, processos e formas de organiza??o desenvolvidas e internalizadas ao longo da trajet?ria dos agricultores que enveredaram por essa pr?tica. Devido ? especificidade de nosso objeto, optamos pela pesquisa qualitativa e observa??o sistem?tica. Para as an?lises, utilizamos a pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental - referencial te?rico-metodol?gico associadas ? pesquisa de campo. As an?lises das experi?ncias revelaram que a transi??o agroecol?gica ? um processo amplo de mudan?as. Assim, tais mudan?as revelaram-se nas pr?ticas produtivas, na diversifica??o da produ??o e pr?ticas alimentares, na consci?ncia ecol?gica e nas formas de organiza??o constru?das pelos agricultores para enfrentar as dificuldades trazidas pela imposi??o do modelo de desenvolvimento agr?cola dominante que combina degrada??o ambiental, concentra??o fundi?ria e concentra??o de riquezas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoBC.pdf: 711234 bytes, checksum: 95128caa5dcd5f3bd752c6130990be99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work aims to study the institucional environment for the implementation of financing policies directed to familiar agriculture. The central hypothesis is that, although all changes occured in the credit norms, in order to reduce the existing obstacles for the access of outsiders, the same institucional arrangement remains which gave support to the modernization - crystallizer of strengthening structures of this exclusion. The most relevant pressuposition is that the poor agriculturists are the most displayed to the institucional limitations. The concepts of institucional arrangements and environments used in this work had been constructed with support of the institucional school, contemplating itself the economic dimension, the organizational sociology and political science. In the relation of the institucional changes with the state performance, the theorist reading was important that reflect on the relative autonomy of the State and studious of the Brazilian State. The empirical part consisted of a research which had been applied questionnaires with benefited and non-benefited agriculturists with PRONAF B, in thirteen cities of Rio Grande do Norte. In each city, interviews with four of its main mediators had been carried out. The research results had ratified the hypothesis of the work of that the conception of the public policies does not take in account the institution role in the behavior and the choices of the individual and collective agents, inferring itself that this policy, as others, lacks of mediation that exceed the rationality of legal landmarks / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o ambiente institucional para a implementa??o de pol?ticas de financiamento direcionadas ? agricultura familiar. A hip?tese central ? que, apesar de todas as mudan?as ocorridas nas normas de cr?dito, no sentido de reduzir os obst?culos existentes para o acesso dos outsiders, permanece o mesmo arranjo institucional que deu apoio ? moderniza??o cristalizador de estruturas refor?adoras dessa exclus?o. O pressuposto mais relevante ? que os agricultores pobres s?o os mais expostos ?s limita??es institucionais. Os conceitos de arranjo institucional e de ambiente institucional utilizados neste trabalho foram constru?dos com apoio da escola institucional, contemplando-se a dimens?o econ?mica, a sociologia das organiza??es e a ci?ncia pol?tica. Na rela??o das mudan?as institucionais com a atua??o estatal, foi importante a leitura de te?ricos que refletem sobre a autonomia relativa do Estado e de estudiosos do Estado Brasileiro. A parte emp?rica constou de uma pesquisa em que foram aplicados question?rios com agricultores beneficiados e n?o beneficiados com o PRONAF B, em treze munic?pios do Rio Grande do Norte. Em cada munic?pio, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro de seus principais mediadores . Os resultados da pesquisa ratificaram a hip?tese do trabalho de que a concep??o das pol?ticas p?blicas n?o leva em conta o papel das institui??es no comportamento e nas escolhas dos agentes individuais e coletivos, depreendendo-se que essa pol?tica, como outras, carece de media??es que transcendam a racionalidade dos marcos legais

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-13T11:31:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Wallace Lucas Magalhaes.pdf: 2003629 bytes, checksum: 56e30b1fdd5ded336f0d130d388d4221 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T11:31:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Wallace Lucas Magalhaes.pdf: 2003629 bytes, checksum: 56e30b1fdd5ded336f0d130d388d4221 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-09 / This research focuses on Law n? 5.465, of July 3rd, 1968, popularly known as ?lei do boi?. Elaborated by deputy Ultimo de Carvalho (PSD/ARENA-MG), such law established reservation of vacanciesin technical and high-education schoolskept by the Union in the courses of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, for applicants who proved to be related to agriculture and cattle raising. This relation was complexdue to the fact that it involved many possibilitiessuch as the use, possession or ownership of rural real estates, the residence in areas defined as rural and also syndication. Regarding the access to high-education schools, the privilege was given to high-school graduate studentsfrom agriculturaltechnical schools, keeping a relation of continuity with the teaching of agriculture and cattle raising. The law, enacted during the intensification of capitalist relations in agriculture, had its justification based on keeping man in the countryside,duly qualified,in turn, upon education, becoming a fundamental element for the increase of productivity in such sector, widely inducted by the government upon Law n? 4.504, of November 30th, 1964, the Land Statute, and the credit granting, which consolidated financial capital in the agricultural sector and enlarged the trench between large and small rural owners and workers. This research aims, based on the study of ?lei do boi? at Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro),to identify the lawnot only as a privilege to agriculture and cattle raisingrelated groups, but also as a maintenance strategy to certain prerogatives in connection with the agrarian dominant class, by analysingthe gatheringof social forces involved with ?lei do boi?, both in its proposal and approvaland in its utilization. In such scenario, the transfer, in 1967, of the institutions in connection with area ofagrarian sciences of theMinistry ofAgricultureto the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC - Minist?rio de Educa??o e Cultura), and the uncertainties deriving from it, the university reformwhose impact in UFRRJ must be taken into account and the opening of new courses and vacancies arising from the pressure of groups that supported the Coup of 1964, the modernization process of the agricultural sector and the retakeof social conflicts over the possession of land are fundamental. From the analysis of the entrant students in UFRRJ,that made use of the lawand its relations to the sector, it is discussed the effectivity of the strategy developed by the law, by identifying to whom ?lei do boi? has been advantageous during its 17 years of enforcement / O foco desta pesquisa ? a Lei n? 5.465, de 3 de julho de 1968, conhecida popularmente como ?lei do boi?. Elaborada pelo deputado Ultimo de Carvalho (PSD/ARENA-MG), a lei estabelecia reserva de vagas nas escolas t?cnicas e superiores mantidas pela Uni?o nos cursos de Agronomia e Medicina Veterin?ria, para candidatos que comprovassem rela??o com a agropecu?ria. Esta rela??o era complexa, pois envolvia um conjunto de possibilidades, como o uso, posse ou propriedade de im?veis rurais, a resid?ncia em ?reas definidas como rurais e tamb?m a sindicaliza??o. No caso de acesso ?s escolas superiores, o privil?gio era estendido aos concluintes do ensino m?dio de escolas t?cnicas agr?colas, mantendo uma rela??o de continuidade com o ensino da agropecu?ria. Promulgada durante a intensifica??o das rela??es capitalistas na agricultura, a lei tinha como justificativa a manuten??o do homem no campo, por sua vez devidamente qualificado atrav?s da educa??o, tornando-se um elemento fundamental para o aumento da produtividade do setor, amplamente induzido pelo governo atrav?s de diversos mecanismos, como a Lei n? 4.504, de 30 de novembro de 1964, o Estatuto da Terra, e a concess?o de cr?dito, o que consolidou o capital financeiro no setor agr?cola e ampliou o fosso entre grandes e pequenos propriet?rios e trabalhadores rurais. Esta pesquisa buscou, a partir do estudo da ?lei do boi? na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ,) identificar a lei n?o apenas como um privil?gio para grupos relacionados ? agropecu?ria, mas como uma estrat?gia de manuten??o de certas prerrogativas ligadas ? classe dominante agr?ria, analisando o conjunto de for?as sociais envolvidas na ?lei do boi?, tanto em sua proposta e aprova??o, como em sua utiliza??o. Neste cen?rio, a transfer?ncia, em 1967, das institui??es ligadas ? ?rea das ci?ncias agr?rias do Minist?rio da Agricultura para o Minist?rio de Educa??o e Cultura (MEC), e as incertezas dela decorrentes torna-se fundamental. Destaca-se ainda a reforma universit?ria, cujo impacto na UFRRJ deve ser considerado principalmente pela abertura de novos cursos e vagas, bem como o processo de moderniza??o do setor agr?cola e a retomada dos conflitos sociais pela posse da terra. A partir da an?lise dos ingressantes na UFRRJ que fizeram uso da lei e de suas rela??es com o setor, discute-se a efetividade da estrat?gia desenvolvida pela lei, identificando a quem a ?lei do boi? favoreceu ao longo dos seus 17 anos de vig?ncia