Thesis entitled ?Analysis of educational communication in the lessons of German language at the second degree of elementary school? contains a theoretical and an empirical part. Its aim is to find out whether the pupils of this type of school have a sufficient space for their communication. In order to investigate this fact, there will be watching of the teaching of German lessons. This method is also enriched by interviewing students and their teachers. The research will be held at two elementary schools. Based on the obtained results, there will be compared both schools. In this thesis is explained the issues of communication. The most common and the best-known definitions of communication appear there. It is composed largely of types of communication and a big attention is paid to teaching communication. We cannot forget the methods and forms of teaching, which are used by the teacher in German lessons. Very important is also the individual work of students, in which they will practice and learn the discussed schoolwork. The aim of this work is to find out the issues of communication and possibilities to use the organizational forms of teaching and methods for improvement of teaching of German lessons.

Ce mémoire de recherche-création composé de deux parties s’intéresse à la remédiation de l’autoportrait photographique (l’égoportrait) dans la dramaturgie québécoise contemporaine, plus particulièrement aux relations que celui-ci entretient avec les notions d’identité et d’image. Le monologue hybride Vingt-trois chambres est divisé en dix-neuf tableaux où le personnage retrace en ordre chronologique les dix-neuf lieux dans lesquels il a habité. Le monologue se construit autour d'un dialogue permanent entre deux temporalités (passé et présent), alors que le quotidien de la déambulation (le personnage qui retourne devant ses anciens domiciles et reconstruit le parcours de ses déménagements) et la mémoire des lieux se répondent. La forme hybride repose sur l'établissement d'un dispositif texte/image, dans la façon dont la photographie et la littérature interagissent ensemble. La deuxième partie est un essai intitulé Aux frontières de l’identité : la remédiation du selfie dans la trilogie « Les colonies de l’image » de Guillaume Corbeil. Les pièces Nous voir nous (2013), Tu iras la chercher (2014), et Unité modèle (2016) s'intéressent à la question du « je », à cette figure qui se performe et se (dé)construit, à ce moi qui éclate. Dans les trois œuvres, les personnages se mettent en scène et performent leur vie pour échapper à l'anonymat. Les réseaux sociaux ont transformé nos vies en une succession de mises en scène de soi, de mises en fiction de soi. Dans un premier temps, j'analyse la façon dont ces textes et photographies créent un dialogue entre deux temporalités et deux médias. L'analyse porte ensuite sur cette identité en construction, confrontée à une pluralité de regards (soi, autre, monde). / This two-part research/creation thesis focuses on the remediation of the selfie in contemporary Quebec dramaturgy, with a particular focus on its relationship to notions of identity and image. The hybrid monologue Vingt-trois chambres is divided into nineteen chapters in which the character traces in chronological order the nineteen places in which he lived. The monologue is built around a permanent dialogue between two temporalities (past and present), while the daily life of the stroll (the character who returns to his former homes and rebuilds the path of his moves) and the memory of the places respond to each other. The hybrid form is based on the establishment of a text/image device, in the way that photography and literature interact together. The second part is an essay entitled Aux frontières de l'identité: la remédiation du selfie dans la trilogie "Les colonies de l'image" de Guillaume Corbeil. The plays Nous voir nous (2013), Tu iras la chercher (2014) and Unité modèle (2016) focus on the question of the "I", on this figure that is performing and (de)constructing itself, on this self that explodes. In all three plays, the characters stage themselves or their life to escape anonymity. Social networks have transformed our lives into a succession of self-images, of self-fiction. First, I analyze how these texts and photographs create a dialogue between two temporalities and two media. The analysis then focuses on this identity under construction, confronted with a plurality of perspectives (self, other, world).

La Ceinture des Parques engage un dialogue à mort avec la montée des eaux. Centrée sur les épreuves discrètes et pragmatiques du phénomène, cette fiction post-apocalyptique plonge dans la souffrance psychologique ressassée jour après jour par ceux qui vivent derrière les digues dans l’attente et l’impuissance. Deux rescapés de l’engloutissement planétaire incarnent ici l’idée que, face aux invasions de l’océan, le pire n’est pas dans les tempêtes mais dans ce qui les sépare. Le récit vise dès lors à faire du lecteur un guetteur. Ainsi prend-il la page comme une paroi et le texte comme une faille : chaque lettre est une nouvelle entaille dans le barrage, fissure par laquelle une goutte menace de s’infiltrer. A travers ces brèches, la mer remodèle le langage, balaye toute fixité en imposant le rythme de ses vagues, absorbant les frontières de l’écriture pour les calquer sur l’instabilité permanente qui caractérise le trait de côte et les marées. Plus l’énonciation progresse, plus elle se condamne en ouvrant elle-même ses vannes à une liquéfaction totale où les fins du narrateur, de sa langue et de l’environnement s’unissent dans une dilution commune. L’essai des Neuf gouttes explore le réseau textuel souterrain déployé par le ressassement et la répétition d’une instance narratrice. Roman énigmatique, La petite fille qui aimait trop les allumettes aligne de nombreuses formules récurrentes, variées et réparties sur l’ensemble de ses 200 pages. A travers ces termes fréquents à priori insignifiants, le texte de Gaétan Soucy propose une dynamique textuelle alternative qui diffère selon le degré de coopération pragmatique du lecteur. Le ressassement s’impose dès lors comme moteur du récit, fonctionnant comme un régulateur de vitesse utilisé par la narratrice pour équilibrer deux fins convergentes, l’une matérielle et l’autre psychologique. Entre ces deux menaces qui se resserrent à chaque ligne, Alice Soissons doit résoudre le mystère familial avant que l’écriture soit rendue impossible, tout en évitant de précipiter sa plume dans une surchauffe émotionnelle. Voir comment l’intrigue gère paradoxalement le retour en arrière comme meilleur moyen d’avancer dans sa résolution constitue toute la teneur de cet essai. / La Ceinture des Parques engages in a deadly dialogue with sea level rise. Focusing on the invisible and pragmatic hardships of that natural phenomenon, this post-apocalyptic fiction dives into the daily psychological suffering haunting those who live behind the dikes and wait in helplessness. Two survivors of the global submergence embody the idea that, when facing the oceanic invader, the worst is not in the storms but in what lies between them. The story then aims to turn the reader into a watcher. It thus takes the page as a wall and the text as its flaw: every letter is a gash in the dam, a crack into which a threatening drop might seep. Through these rifts, the sea reshapes the language, erasing any rigidity in the words, imposing the rhythm of its waves that absorb the usual limits of writing to model them on the constant instability that defines coastline and tides. The more the text is developed, the more it condemns itself to be dissolved, letting the water come into the text to achieve a complete blend when the endings of the narrator, of its language and of the environment mix in a common dilution. Neuf Gouttes is an essay exploring the hidden textual network spread by a narrator’s repetition and rumination. An enigmatic novel, La petite fille qui aimait trop les allumettes accumulates many frequent phrases throughout 200 pages. These similar words are trivial at first glance, but through them Gaétan Soucy’s text offers an alternate textual dynamic that differs according to the reader’s pragmatic cooperation level. The textual rumination stands out as the main force of the story, used by the narrator to adjust her writing speed in order to reach a safe balance between two converging endings: a material one and a psychological one. Between these two threats that get closer at each sentence, Alice Soissons must solve her family’s mystery before the writing becomes impossible, but also avoid rushing and crashing her testimony in an emotional explosion. The main goal of this essay is to analyse this paradox in which the plot uses reverses as the best way to make progress until its solving.

The aim of the research undertaken was to answer the question “How do insights during Inclusive Learning Support Programme (ILSP) meetings between parents and teachers of children with Down syndrome (DS) inform mutual attainment of each groups' expectations?” Inclusive Education (IE) for the learner with DS was introduced informally during the early 1990s in South Africa within a few local schools in Pretoria. Transcribed interviews and observations were used from a sample of teachers and parents of children with DS conducted by the ILSP coordinator to collect data. They were analysed using Herman’s and Herman’s- Konopka's (2010) dialogical self theory, positioning theory and pronoun grammar analysis. Results showed there are two opposing tensions in education. One is a need for stability. This is offset by the dynamic nature of education practice with its many actors - learners, teachers, managerial and supervisory staff, support staff, institutions and government departments. Every actor interprets education according to their goals, subjective beliefs and understanding of what the education process is occupying a dominant position but working from a shadow position. IE brings its own set of tensions to the actors in education. Policy documents from government, as interpreted in schools in South Africa, express the need for stability in education. The study was limited to the constraints of the academic format. More accessible versions of the findings and recommendations can be developed in papers. For ILSP coordinators practically to have a promoter position in the dialogue between teachers and parents there is a need for them to become acutely aware of the positions they adopt in dialogue in themselves and with reference to others. The study has offered a new way of interpreting the expectations of both parties in the ILSP meetings and rendering a solution to the often frustrating outcomes. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

For more than fifty years, the Independent (indie) Music Scene has existed as an evolving business model, allowing indie artists to develop a wealth of progressive musical ideas while creating a sustainable audience base. American Musical Theatre has an already-established rich history of adapting styles to fit concurrent trends in popular music while maintaining the story as the core of a show. While some indie artists (The Lisps, The Mountain Goats, Stephin Merritt, and Stew) and some musical theatre composers (David Yazbek, Doug Crossley, and Michael Friedman) have created crossover works, there is currently an overall dearth of musical theatre pieces infused with the indie style and a lack of indie albums with an actable musical theatre storyline. The intent of this thesis is to prove that although American Musical Theatre and the Independent Music Scene are two vastly different art forms, they can be combined to create a viable and unique form that appeals to both audiences. The indie-rock monologue ...and then, Claire was composed, recorded, and performed to test the viability of this thesis. In addition to presenting research on the history of American Musical Theatre and the Independent Music Scene, an analysis of the already-successful artists mentioned above is presented to provide context for ...and then, Claire. This context along with the original indie-rock monologue proves successful combinations of American Musical Theatre and the Independent Music Scene as well as the potential for more attempts in the future.

Cette étude, intitulée « Représentations de l’Occupation et le parcours de l’identité féminine dans Η μητέρα του σκύλου de Pavlos Matessis », examine la collaboration sexuelle de la femme avec l’ennemi au cours de l’Occupation italo-allemande, son châtiment à la Libération et sa protestation envers la punition infligée. L’analyse des techniques narratives combinée à celle du contexte historique permettent d’approfondir les représentations de l’Occupation élaborées par ce roman et cernent la question centrale qui concerne la position tenue par ce dernier face à un événement que l’Histoire officielle a considéré comme secondaire après l’avoir frappé d’une condamnation allant de soi. Il s’ensuit de l’analyse que cette fiction au caractère éminemment dramatique combine de façon unique l’histoire à ses modes d’énonciation narrative. Sa particularité est aussi qu’elle s’éloigne sensiblement de la version officielle des événements et articule un discours différent sur un sujet tabou, celui de la collaboration sexuelle des femmes avec l’ennemi qui a été reliée à la prostitution et à la trahison de la patrie. Il fait de cette collaboration l’occasion de l’éveil de la conscience sociale du sujet et de la composition d’une identité sur la base de la libre disposition de soi et de l’auto-détermination, et considère le châtiment public comme un mécanisme de déstructuration du sujet auquel répond le silence comme forme de protestation. Il s’agit d’une œuvre « à l’écoute » de la révolte contre l’injustice de l’Histoire, qui répond dans le présent à la demande insatisfaite de la réhabilitation du sujet et défend des idéaux humanistes qu’elle place au dessus des idéaux nationaux. / The title of the present doctoral research is “Representations of the Occupation and the evolution of female identity in Η μητέρα του σκύλου [The Mother of the dog] by Pavlos Matesis”. This novel revolves around the “erotic” collaboration of a woman with the enemy during the years of the Italian-German Occupation, the public disgrace that she suffered at the wake of Liberation and her protest for the punishment that was inflicted on her. Through a methodology consisting of a narrative analysis in combination with the historical context, I examine the representations of the Occupation that the novel offers in a period that was crucial for Greek history and society, and also the historical fact of the sexual collaboration, which was judged to be of “secondary” significance by official History which filed it as self-evidently condemnable. The conclusion stemming from this research is that the novel, through a fictional narrative with strong dramatic characteristics, combines the story with its narrative ways of expression in a unique way. Its peculiarity, however, lies in its distinctive differentiation from the given facts of the dominant version and in its articulation of a discourse on a taboo subject, for literature as for Historiography, this of the erotic collaboration of women with the enemy, the official evaluation of which connects them with prostitution and national treason. Through this collaboration, which stands as a pretext for the awakening of the subject’s social conscience and the constitution of an identity on the basis of self-determination and self-designation, it sees punishment as a deconstruction mechanism of the subject but also silence as a reaction to the former. Η Μητέρα του σκύλου is a book that “listens” to the protest for the historical injustice, brings forward to the present the unfulfilled request for the subject’s moral restoration and supports the humanistic ideals, putting them above the national ones.

Extensive questions have been asked regarding the factors that influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. Past research has addressed the methods, techniques, as well as the client and therapist variables which potentially influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. The majority of the research indicates that the therapeutic relationship and other contextual variables exert the greatest influence on psychotherapy successes. This implicates the broader social context in psychotherapy processes. Language appears to be one of the primary contextual factors influencing psychotherapeutic processes and is also embedded in social discourse. Society dominant discourses appear to be based on deficit beliefs toward psychotherapy and emotional functioning. The more relevant issue concerning psychotherapeutic effectiveness therefore appears to be society's dominant discourses affecting the profession. Collaborative social discourses embracing psychology are seldom integrated into mainstream public discourse. A post-modern, ecosystemic perspective is applied to these concerns, proposing a collaborative approach to social discourse, psychotherapy and research. This utilizes reflective, multi-dimensional, respectful and nonjudgmental values, reflecting the shift in social paradigms from the Industrial Age to the Knowledge Age. This shift recognizes that cultural, social and language variables appear to have a greater impact on psychotherapeutic effectiveness than most therapeutic techniques or interventions. These discourses are explored and recommendations are made in an attempt to align psychotherapy with a shifting social paradigm. This alignment could enhance psychotherapeutic effectiveness and the general understanding of psychotherapy. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

This thesis presents the work of a contemporary German playwright Roland Schimmelpfennig in a wider context. In the main chapter, the author focuses on the analysis of five Schimmelpfennig's plays that have been performed also on Czech theatre stages. The analysis emphasizes the elements of a dramatic structure that Schimmelpfennig uses in an innovative way: epization of texts, unrealistic treatment of dramatic time, elements of magic realism etc. The author also pays attention to a general characteristic of a contemporary German-speaking theatre with respect to the topics that it deals with. A significant part of the work is devoted to classifying Roland Schimmelpfennig's work in the historical and theoretical context of a contemporary German-speaking theatre. A book called Die Rückkehr der Helden by a German author Nikolaus Frei, which questions some opinion on the recent development of theatre presented in a book Postdramatisches Theater by Hans Thiese Lehmann, has become a crucial source for this thesis. Nikolaus Frei copes with the question of animateness/inanimateness of theatre and by using extracts from particular dramatic texts by contemporary authors proves a possible continuity of mimesis, realistic acting and conflicts on the stage until the 21st century. In conclusion, it is possible...

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