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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A Study of Intra-Racial Violence Among Black Males: A Matter of "Diss"Respect

Lewis, NKrumah D'Angelo 07 July 2005 (has links)
Utilizing qualitative methodology, this study examines how, from their perspective, a sample of lower-class black men ages 20-35 justify their participation in violent confrontations and define the concept of disrespect. The purpose of this study is to glean whether or not a relationship exists between the rationales offered for participating in violent confrontations and being "dissed." This study also seeks to examine the interpersonal dynamics that compose a violent confrontation, shifting the level of analysis from macro-level arguments of the past. The research demonstrates that the rationales for interpersonal violence surround four themes: (1) Self-defense; (2) trespassing on territory; (3) acting in the defense of third parties; and (4) threatening behavior. It was declared by the respondents that the following actions were found to be disrespectful: (1) verbal insults/derogatory comments/mockery directed at the individual or a third party, openly or covertly; (2) being yelled at; (3) threats of physical harm or violence directed at the individual or a third party; and finally (4) physical infringements on personal boundaries and/or territories real or perceived. The findings of the study suggest that the actions identified by the respondents as their rationales for participating in violent confrontations are largely consistent with behaviors, verbalizations and/or gestures that they defined as being disrespectful. Findings deduced from this study resulted in the construction of a model of how disrespect potentially leads to violent confrontations. Subsequent to the research this study contrasts its findings with the subculture of violence theory postulated by Wolfgang and Ferracuti (1967), thereby demonstrating the need for an expansion of the initial corollaries. / Ph. D.
2

Obstetriskt våld

Annborn, Anna January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund: Obstetriskt våld är en osynlig form av våld mot kvinnor som föder barn. Utifrån ett feministiskt perspektiv handlar obstetriskt våld om en process där kvinnan varit fri och självständig att fatta egna beslut till att bli ett passivt objekt utan möjlighet att komma till uttryck. Syfte: Att undersöka innebörden av begreppet obstetriskt våld med utgångspunkt från nyförlöstas kvinnors förlossningsberättelser. Metod: En induktiv kvalitativ ansats med narrativa berättelser där enskilda intervjuer utfördes. Urvalet var nyförlösta kvinnor som har haft en negativ förlossnings upplevelse och rekryterade på en barnmorskemottagning i nordvästra Skåne.Resultat: Analysen alstrade fyra kategorier: Bristfällig information och uteblivet samtycke som innebär att kvinnorna uppfattade informationen under förlossningen otydlig, bristfällig eller helt obefintlig. De ansåg sig heller inte vara delaktiga i beslut. Otillräcklig smärtlindring där kvinnorna beskrev att de fick utstå smärta utan att få någon smärtlindring. Avsaknad av tillit och trygghet där kvinnorna berättade att när de födde sitt barn bemöttes de av personalens kränkande ord som ingav avsaknad av tillit och trygghet. Tydlig vägledning fattades och de upplevde sig ensamma. Upplevelsen av övergrepp där kvinnorna beskrev att de upplevde att de hade blivit utsatta för våld och hot om våld under sin förlossning. Konklusion: Resultatet visade att kvinnor upplever sig ha blivit utsatta för fysiska och psykiska övergrepp under sin förlossning som kan tolkas som obstetriskt våld. Denna osynliga form av våld är ett komplext problem som påverkar kvinnors autonomi och värdighet under förlossningen. Det behövs en kvalitetssäkring inom området med tydliga riktlinjer för hur upplevelser av detta slag ska hanteras så att kvinnorna i högre grad får en positiv förlossningsupplevelse. / Background: Obstetric violence is an unseen form of violence against women during childbirth. Obstetric violence is, from a feministic perspective a process in which the woman is transformed from an independent and capable individual, free to make her own decisions to become a passive object.Aim: To investigate the concept of obstetric violence by analyzing narratives of women who recently have given birth. Method: An inductive qualitative approach with individual narratives from women who have recently given birth. The sample consisted of women with a bad birth experience, recruited at a maternity unit in southern Sweden. Result: Four categories emerged from the analyses: lack of information and consent including poor information and no right to participate in decisions concerning the process of labour, suboptimal pain relief, who embedded unbearable pain without pain relief, lack of trust and support where the women were met with bad attitude and jargon, and the experience of abuse including threat of violence from the midwives.Conclusion: The study shows that obstetric violence exists and that women are subjected to physical and psychological abuse during childbirth – obstetric violence. During labour there are many situations affecting the autonomy and dignity of the women and the phenomenon is very complex. The abuse of women during childbirth might be a significant problem and quality
3

PROCEDURAL JUSTICE DURING POLICE-CITIZEN ENCOUNTERS

DAI, MENGYAN 05 October 2007 (has links)
No description available.
4

O desafio do direito à autonomia: uma experiência de Plano de Parto no SUS / The challenge of the right to autonomy: an experience of birth plan in the health public sector

Halana Faria de Aguiar Andrezzo 04 October 2016 (has links)
Na assistência ao parto no Brasil, predominam intervenções desnecessárias em detrimento de valores como o cuidado. Algumas políticas públicas têm sido desenvolvidas com o intuito de alterar tal cenário, porém, com lentos resultados. Há também algumas estratégias e ferramentas desenvolvidas e difundidas entre as próprias mulheres. Uma destas é a construção do plano de parto, que objetiva informar e promover uma maior participação durante o parto. Apesar de mais difundida entre camadas médias, tal ferramenta tem sido utilizada em alguns serviços de atenção primária do país como a UBS Thérsio Ventura/São Paulo, campo de estágio para o curso de Obstetrícia EACH/USP. Este estudo objetivou descrever e analisar o uso de plano de parto entre usuárias do SUS e médicos/gestores. De metodologia qualitativa, os dados empíricos foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas com mulheres que vivenciaram a experiência de plano de parto no SUS; entrevistas com médicos/gestores; observação de uma consulta de orientação para o plano e parto; observação de dois grupos de apoio à gestação e ao parto realizados na UBS, e análise documental de material educativo, e de documentos referentes às políticas de saúde materna municipal e nacional. O material foi submetido à análise de conteúdo, da qual emergiram as seguintes categorias: (a) Não é uma incapacidade sua, e sim do sistema; (b) De coitada a poderosa; (c) Intervenção que era ajuda; (d) Resistência e negociação do encontro; (e) Plano de parto como mobilizador do cuidado como valor; (f) A segurança do bebê como chantagem; (g) Sobre comandantes, aviões e a necessidade de novas analogias; (h) Plano de parto como provocação: negligência e retaliação; (i) Limites para a decisão informada no SUS. O plano de parto funciona como uma ferramenta educativa que provoca rupturas simbólicas na relação hierárquica das mulheres com os profissionais. Como não há uma cultura que promova a tomada conjunta de decisões e porque há uma clara contradição entre o tipo de cuidado que as mulheres demandam e a atenção que os profissionais estão preparados e dispostos a oferecer, o plano de parto pode resultar em negligência e retaliação. Pode ser útil na construção de linhas de cuidado entre as instituições. Um modelo a ser discutido deveria garantir espaço para singularidades socioculturais, para a explicação dos momentos em que procedimentos podem ser necessários e também espaço para divulgação de locais de assistência mais amigáveis às mulheres e aos quais a mulher pode recorrer no caso de violação de direitos. / Birth care in Brazil is marked by strong predominance of unnecessary interventions at the expense of values such as care. Some policies have been developed in order to change such a scenario but with slow results. There are also some strategies and tools developed and disseminated among women themselves. One of those is the construction of the birth plan, which aims to inform and expand participation and decision making during childbirth. Widespread among middle class women, this tool has been used in some primary care services in the country such as UBS Thérsio Ventura/São Paulo, a training field for the course of Midwifery EACH/USP. This study aimed to understand and analyse the use of birth plan between women who use the public health system and doctors/managers. Using qualitative methodology, empirical data was produced from interviews with women who experienced birth plan in the public system; interviews with doctors/managers; observation of a guidance for the birth plan construction; observation of two support groups at the studied health center, and document analysis of educational materials and documents relating to municipal and national maternal health policies. The material was subjected to content analysis of which the following categories emerged: (a) It is not your disability, but the systems; (b) From poor thing to powerful; (c) Intervention that once was \'help\'; (d) Resistance and negotiation of the encounter; (e) Birth Plan as a mobilizer of care as a value; (e) The safety of the baby as blackmail; (f) About commanders, airplanes and the need for new analogies; (g) Birth plan as defiance: negligence and retaliation; (h) Limits for \'informed decision\' in the public health system. Birth plan functions as an educational tool that causes fissures in the symbolic hierarchical relationship of women in relation to professionals. As there isnt a culture that promotes joint decision-making and because there is a clear contradiction between the type of care women require and what professionals are ready and willing to offer, birth plan can end in neglect and retaliation. It could be useful in building protocols and care between the institutions. A model to be discussed should ensure space for socio-cultural singularities, to the explanation of times that procedures may be required and also space for disclosure of sites to which woman can turn in case of violation of rights.
5

O desafio do direito à autonomia: uma experiência de Plano de Parto no SUS / The challenge of the right to autonomy: an experience of birth plan in the health public sector

Andrezzo, Halana Faria de Aguiar 04 October 2016 (has links)
Na assistência ao parto no Brasil, predominam intervenções desnecessárias em detrimento de valores como o cuidado. Algumas políticas públicas têm sido desenvolvidas com o intuito de alterar tal cenário, porém, com lentos resultados. Há também algumas estratégias e ferramentas desenvolvidas e difundidas entre as próprias mulheres. Uma destas é a construção do plano de parto, que objetiva informar e promover uma maior participação durante o parto. Apesar de mais difundida entre camadas médias, tal ferramenta tem sido utilizada em alguns serviços de atenção primária do país como a UBS Thérsio Ventura/São Paulo, campo de estágio para o curso de Obstetrícia EACH/USP. Este estudo objetivou descrever e analisar o uso de plano de parto entre usuárias do SUS e médicos/gestores. De metodologia qualitativa, os dados empíricos foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas com mulheres que vivenciaram a experiência de plano de parto no SUS; entrevistas com médicos/gestores; observação de uma consulta de orientação para o plano e parto; observação de dois grupos de apoio à gestação e ao parto realizados na UBS, e análise documental de material educativo, e de documentos referentes às políticas de saúde materna municipal e nacional. O material foi submetido à análise de conteúdo, da qual emergiram as seguintes categorias: (a) Não é uma incapacidade sua, e sim do sistema; (b) De coitada a poderosa; (c) Intervenção que era ajuda; (d) Resistência e negociação do encontro; (e) Plano de parto como mobilizador do cuidado como valor; (f) A segurança do bebê como chantagem; (g) Sobre comandantes, aviões e a necessidade de novas analogias; (h) Plano de parto como provocação: negligência e retaliação; (i) Limites para a decisão informada no SUS. O plano de parto funciona como uma ferramenta educativa que provoca rupturas simbólicas na relação hierárquica das mulheres com os profissionais. Como não há uma cultura que promova a tomada conjunta de decisões e porque há uma clara contradição entre o tipo de cuidado que as mulheres demandam e a atenção que os profissionais estão preparados e dispostos a oferecer, o plano de parto pode resultar em negligência e retaliação. Pode ser útil na construção de linhas de cuidado entre as instituições. Um modelo a ser discutido deveria garantir espaço para singularidades socioculturais, para a explicação dos momentos em que procedimentos podem ser necessários e também espaço para divulgação de locais de assistência mais amigáveis às mulheres e aos quais a mulher pode recorrer no caso de violação de direitos. / Birth care in Brazil is marked by strong predominance of unnecessary interventions at the expense of values such as care. Some policies have been developed in order to change such a scenario but with slow results. There are also some strategies and tools developed and disseminated among women themselves. One of those is the construction of the birth plan, which aims to inform and expand participation and decision making during childbirth. Widespread among middle class women, this tool has been used in some primary care services in the country such as UBS Thérsio Ventura/São Paulo, a training field for the course of Midwifery EACH/USP. This study aimed to understand and analyse the use of birth plan between women who use the public health system and doctors/managers. Using qualitative methodology, empirical data was produced from interviews with women who experienced birth plan in the public system; interviews with doctors/managers; observation of a guidance for the birth plan construction; observation of two support groups at the studied health center, and document analysis of educational materials and documents relating to municipal and national maternal health policies. The material was subjected to content analysis of which the following categories emerged: (a) It is not your disability, but the systems; (b) From poor thing to powerful; (c) Intervention that once was \'help\'; (d) Resistance and negotiation of the encounter; (e) Birth Plan as a mobilizer of care as a value; (e) The safety of the baby as blackmail; (f) About commanders, airplanes and the need for new analogies; (g) Birth plan as defiance: negligence and retaliation; (h) Limits for \'informed decision\' in the public health system. Birth plan functions as an educational tool that causes fissures in the symbolic hierarchical relationship of women in relation to professionals. As there isnt a culture that promotes joint decision-making and because there is a clear contradiction between the type of care women require and what professionals are ready and willing to offer, birth plan can end in neglect and retaliation. It could be useful in building protocols and care between the institutions. A model to be discussed should ensure space for socio-cultural singularities, to the explanation of times that procedures may be required and also space for disclosure of sites to which woman can turn in case of violation of rights.
6

O Abuso (no exercício) do direito à personalidade jurídica como ato atentatório ao exercício da jurisdição / The Abuse (in the exercise) of the right to the corporate entity as offensive act to the exercise of the jurisdiction

Silva, Osmar Vieira da 06 June 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 osmar.pdf: 1488169 bytes, checksum: cfb4524fa1cecbf37c422054fd404724 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-06 / In face of the embarrassments to the effective of provisionses judicial, of the end antecipation nature or (art. 14, V, of the CPC), as well as in the executions of extrajudicial executive headings (2ª part of § 1º of art. the 656 of CPC), mainly when the debtor commits abuse in the right of action of the corporate entity, in clear offensive attitude to the exercise of the jurisdiction (art. 14, only Paragraph, of the CPC); the present work considers the application of the penalties contained in the statement of the only paragraph, of art. 14, the CPC (criminal, courteous and procedural fine and sanctions), in the cases where the judge will have that to declare the disrespect of the corporate entity, to surpass the difficulties and embarrassments to the accomplishment of the distrainment and consequence effective of the jurisdictional guardianship / Em face dos embaraços à efetivação dos provimentos judiciais de natureza antecipatória ou final (art. 14, V, do CPC), bem como nas execuções de títulos executivos extrajudiciais (2ª parte do § 1º do art. 656 do CPC), mormente quando o devedor comete abuso no exercício do direito da personalidade jurídica, em clara atitude atentatória ao exercício da jurisdição (art. 14, Parágrafo único, do CPC); o presente trabalho propõe a aplicação das penalidades contidas no enunciado do parágrafo único, do art. 14, do CPC, (multa e sanções criminais, civis e processuais), nos casos em que o juiz tiver que declarar a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, para superar as dificuldades e embaraços à realização da penhora e conseqüente efetivação da tutela jurisdicional
7

A evolução da teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no direito brasileiro

Siervi Neto, Carmine de 19 October 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmine de Siervi Neto.pdf: 536865 bytes, checksum: b0ee181e9dcd93b2ab4ff4f258c2fb1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-19 / This work aims at the study of the evolution of the theory of the disrespect of the corporate entity in the Brazilian Positive law. In the first chapter, the institute of the legal entity is defined followed by a brief explanation about the historical and terminological data. In addition, the most important existing theories regarding the legal nature of the legal entity are described and its classification and constitution are analyzed. Finally, the civil liability and corporate domicile, as well as the ways of the legal entity extinction are analyzed. In the second chapter, after the analysis of the origin of the theory of the disrespect of the corporate entity, the existing theories of the disrespect applied in Brazil and over the world are identified through the definition of its essential elements, which are, the fraud and the abuse of process, and through the principle of the patrimonial autonomy. Furthermore, a brief report concerning the Economic Analysis of the Law is presented, in order to demonstrate how the studies effected by the School of Chicago have assisted the Brazilian magistrates in the correct application of the theory of the disrespect of the corporate entity. At the end of this chapter, there is a demonstration of how important legal systems have faced the problem of the dissimulated use of the institute of the legal entity world-wide, followed by an analysis of some examples of the law, doctrine and jurisprudence. At the third and last chapter, it is demonstrated how the theory of the disrespect of the corporate entity was incorporated in the Brazilian legal system, pointing out the rightness and the mistakes made by the legislators and judges, in several legal areas (civil, consumer, environmental, tax, economic and labor law) while applying the theory of the disrespect of the corporate entity / Este trabalho tem por finalidade estudar a evolução da teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no Direito Positivo Brasileiro. No primeiro capítulo, conceitua-se o instituto da pessoa jurídica. Após breve introdução, apontando os dados históricos e terminológicos, descreve-se as mais importantes teorias existentes a respeito da natureza jurídica da personalidade jurídica, expõe-se a sua classificação e constituição. Finalmente, analisa-se a responsabilidade civil e domicílio da pessoa jurídica, bem como os modos de sua extinção. No segundo capítulo, após estudar a origem da teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, identifica-se as teorias da desconsideração existentes no Brasil, e no mundo, definindo os seus elementos essenciais, quais sejam, a fraude e o abuso de direito, abordando o princípio da autonomia patrimonial. Faz-se, ainda, breve exame acerca da Análise Econômica do Direito, demonstrando-se como os estudos efetuados pela Escola de Chicago têm auxiliado os magistrados brasileiros na correta aplicação da teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica. Ao final deste capítulo, aprecia-se o modo por meio do qual importantes ordenamentos jurídicos mundiais vêm enfrentando o problema do uso dissimulado do instituto da pessoa jurídica, apresentando-se, inclusive, exemplos legais, doutrinários e jurisprudenciais. No terceiro e último capítulo, demonstra-se como a teoria da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica foi incorporada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, destacando-se os acertos e os equívocos perpetrados pelos legisladores e magistrados, nas diversas áreas jurídicas (civil, consumidor, ambiental, tributário, trabalhista e econômico) na aplicação da referida teoria
8

Política Identitária Verde: uma questão de emancipação

Malvezzi, Mariana 08 November 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Malvezzi.pdf: 2313165 bytes, checksum: 1aa60bdda16b1eed61130e694bc717fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-08 / The present work aimed at the understanding of the quest for sustainability with a view to its links with emancipatory action. It was carried out through two main paths. The first was the scrutiny of the literature to explore the multiple meanings brought about the recent applications of the concept of sustainability in several fields such as economics, sociology, politics, biology and philosophy. The second path was the production of empirical data gathered from the opinion of three professional groups of people who work with sustainability as a theoretical issue and as the target of projects. One group was constituted by scholars, the other by government executives and the last one by enterprise managers. These professionals were subjected to the Q Technique and asked to choose the best action to generate sustainability out of 65 affirmations. These affirmations were taken from proposals found in literature and in governmental and enterprises projects aimed at sustainability. The 65 affirmations belonged to four distinct fields: environmentalism, quality of life, principles and emancipatory actions. The findings confirmed that sustainability is a polysemic concept and that such a characteristic implicates in a wide range of problems comprised in several actions and theoretical fields. Yet, the findings revealed that there is a link between sustainability and fragments of emancipation as exposed in the analysis of the syntagma identitymetamorphosis- emancipation. These findings fostered the exam of the possibility of a green identity politics. That possibility was taken from the exercise of the construction of presupposed green identities which in a dialectical movement are perversely acknowledged at the same time which point out an emancipatory fragment promoting a regulatory action / Com o objetivo de compreender a busca pela sustentabilidade a partir de uma reflexão acerca do potencial emancipatório das ações e reflexões atuais em torno desta temática, o presente trabalho se fundamentou, em duas vertentes igualmente importantes. A primeira vertente, referente ao levantamento teórico na literatura a fim de buscar os recentes entendimentos e predicados implicados por este conceito na economia, na sociologia, na política, na biologia e na filosofia. A segunda vertente utilizada para a compreensão da sustentabilidade foi à realização de uma pesquisa empírica junto a três distintos grupos profissionais que atuam nas discussões teóricas ou com a produção de ações para a sustentabilidade. Estes profissionais foram submetidos à Técnica Q, onde lhes foi solicitado que elencassem 65 metas para a sustentabilidade. A construção das metas validadas pelos participantes foi retirada das discussões teóricas ou projetos voltados a esta temática, gerando quatro categorias de ação: natureza física, qualidade de vida, princípio e emancipação. O resultado obtido através da análise dos dados fornecidos pelos profissionais da academia, do governo ou de empresas privadas reforçou o entendimento polissêmico da sustentabilidade e sua interdependência não apenas de diversos fatores, mas de seus muitos agentes. Além disso, uma análise mais criteriosa, a partir do sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação, permitiu levantar uma importante reflexão acerca da sustentabilidade enquanto uma provável nova política identitária verde. Que como tal, é sujeita a formação de identidades pressupostas verdes, que em um movimento dialético são reconhecidas perversamente ao mesmo tempo em que, ao promover algum nível de regulação, apontam para um eventual fragmento emancipatório
9

Comprendre l’exclusion sociale à la lumière de la reconnaissance : réflexions théoriques sur l’approche d’Axel Honneth et illustration à partir d’une étude de cas à Bogotá / Understanding social exclusion in the light of recognition : theoretical exploration of Axel Honneth's approach based on a case study in Bogotá / Entender la exclusión social a través del reconocimiento : reflexiones sobre la teoría de Axel Honneth e ilustración basada en un estudio de caso en Bogotá

Carrillo, Juan 12 January 2012 (has links)
Aujourd’hui, le concept d’exclusion sociale est ambigu, voire banalisé, alors que le processus même affecte des millions d’individus. La plupart des études en sociologie et en politiques sociales dont il est l’objet s’adonnent principalement à une analyse de sa dimension matérielle (et objective). Malgré l’avancée et l’importance de ces études, il existe une dimension symbolique (et subjective) à nos yeux très partiellement explorée jusqu’alors, et qui permettrait de mieux appréhender le processus d’exclusion en termes relationnels. Notre travail se propose d’examiner avec précision cette dimension symbolique dont le contenu moral suggère que l’exclusion peut être conçue comme le signe d’une injustice et plus précisément le signe d’une situation de non-reconnaissance.Ainsi, en faisant appel aux réflexions du philosophe allemand Axel Honneth sur la notion de reconnaissance, et plus particulièrement sur les catégories définies comme étant de « non-reconnaissance », nous traçons de manière critique le chemin théorique qui conduit à une lecture de l’exclusion sociale à la lumière de l’approche honnethienne de la reconnaissance, c’est-à-dire, à une analyse de l’exclusion en termes de non-reconnaissance. En outre, notre travail vise à illustrer le lien entre exclusion sociale et reconnaissance à partir d’une étude de terrain basée sur 40 entretiens réalisés entre juin 2007 et mars 2009 à Bogotá en Colombie. Ceci nous permettra non seulement d’analyser le « caractère opératoire » de la reconnaissance, mais surtout de voir jusqu’à quel point la démarche entreprise favorise la découverte de nouvelles compréhensions du processus d’exclusion, compréhensions sans lesquelles une analyse « opératoire » resterait incomplète.La première partie de cette thèse offre un aperçu général des concepts d’exclusion et de reconnaissance selon l’idée qu’au sein de la dimension symbolique de l’exclusion se révèle un contenu moral que nous nous proposons d’examiner à partir de l’approche de la reconnaissance d’Axel Honneth. La deuxième partie s’attache à l’étude de ce contenu moral ainsi que des éléments qui permettent de faire une lecture de l’exclusion selon les travaux de Honneth. Cette lecture théorique est illustrée sur le terrain comme le montre la présentation de notre étude de cas à Bogotá. La troisième partie examine, à travers l’analyse des entretiens, dans quelle mesure le potentiel heuristique de l’approche honnethienne favorise la compréhension du processus d’exclusion sociale. / The concept of social exclusion might nowadays seem ambiguous and banal, but its underlying processes affect millions of people. The majority of studies in sociology and social policy about the topic mainly analyze its material (and objective) dimension. Despite the progress and importance of these studies, there is also a symbolic (and subjective) dimension to social exclusion – a dimension which has in our opinion only been partially explored and could help to grasp the processes of exclusion from a relational point of view. Our work attempts to examine this symbolic dimension, the moral content of which suggests that exclusion can be perceived as a sign of injustice and more precisely, as a sign of non-recognition.Based on the reflections of the German philosopher Axel Honneth on the notion of recognition, and more precisely on the categories defined as “non-recognition”, we critically draw the theoretical path towards understanding social exclusion in the light of the Honnethian approach to recognition, i.e. towards an analysis of exclusion in terms of non-recognition. Our work also aims to illustrate the link between social exclusion and recognition through a field study consisting of 40 interviews carried out between June 2007 and March 2009 in Bogotá, Colombia. This will not only allow us to analyze the “operational character” of recognition, but more still, to explore to what extent our approach fosters the discovery of new understandings of the process of exclusion, without which a merely “operational” analysis would remain incomplete.The first part of this thesis presents a general overview of the concepts of exclusion and recognition according to the idea that the symbolic dimension of exclusion reveals a moral content that we aim to examine through Axel Honneth’s approach. The second part focuses on examining this moral content as well as the elements that allow an analysis of exclusion following this approach. This analysis is both theoretical and practical as shown by our field study in Bogotá. Finally, the third part uses the interviews to explore to what extent the heuristical potential of the Honnethian approach helps understanding the process of social exclusion. / Hoy en día, aunque el concepto de exclusión social es ambiguo, al punto de parecer banal, el proceso al que está asociado afecta millones de personas. La mayoría de los estudios sociológicos y de políticas sociales sobre este proceso suelen hacer énfasis en una dimensión material (y objetiva). Sin embargo, pese a la importancia de estos estudios, existe también una dimensión simbólica (y subjetiva) la cual, desde nuestro punto de vista, no ha sido lo suficientemente explorada y permitiría una mejor comprensión del proceso de exclusión en términos relacionales. Nuestro trabajo busca examinar esta dimensión simbólica tomando en cuenta su contenido moral, el cual sugiere que la exclusión puede ser considerada como el signo de una injusticia, y más aún como el signo de una situación de no reconocimiento.De esta manera, tomando como base las reflexiones del filósofo alemán Axel Honneth sobre la noción de reconocimiento, y de manera más precisa las categorías de “no reconocimiento”, nuestro trabajo marca, con sentido crítico, las pautas del camino teórico que permiten une lectura más precisa de la exclusión social a la luz del estudio honnethiano del reconocimiento, o dicho de otra forma, releva con precisión el camino hacia un análisis de la exclusión social en términos de no reconocimiento. Además, nuestro trabajo busca ilustrar la relación entre exclusión social y reconocimiento por medio de un estudio de caso basado en 40 entrevistas realizadas entre junio de 2007 y marzo de 2009 en Bogotá (Colombia). Dicha ilustración nos permite no sólo analizar el “carácter operativo” del reconocimiento, sino también observar hasta qué punto nuestro trabajo facilita descubrir nuevas comprensiones sobre el proceso de exclusión sin las cuales el análisis “operativo” resulta incompleto.La primera parte presenta una visión global de los conceptos de exclusión y reconocimiento, según la cual la dimensión simbólica de la exclusión revela un contenido moral que proponemos examinar a partir del estudio de Honneth. La segunda parte está consagrada a estudiar dicho contenido moral, así como los elementos que hacen posible un análisis de la exclusión basado en los trabajos de Honneth. Se trata de un análisis teórico ilustrado gracias a un estudio de caso en Bogotá. La tercera parte examina, por medio de una serie de entrevistas, hasta dónde el potencial heurístico de la teoría de Honneth favorece la comprensión del proceso de exclusión social y su eventual atenuación para permitir un análisis más acertado de un fenómeno que requiere considerar su dimensión simbólica, poniendo de presente lo sugerido por el contenido moral que esta tesis expone.
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Psychotherapeutic effectiveness and social discourse : an ecosystemic exploration

Carruthers, Angeline 30 November 2007 (has links)
Extensive questions have been asked regarding the factors that influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. Past research has addressed the methods, techniques, as well as the client and therapist variables which potentially influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. The majority of the research indicates that the therapeutic relationship and other contextual variables exert the greatest influence on psychotherapy successes. This implicates the broader social context in psychotherapy processes. Language appears to be one of the primary contextual factors influencing psychotherapeutic processes and is also embedded in social discourse. Society dominant discourses appear to be based on deficit beliefs toward psychotherapy and emotional functioning. The more relevant issue concerning psychotherapeutic effectiveness therefore appears to be society's dominant discourses affecting the profession. Collaborative social discourses embracing psychology are seldom integrated into mainstream public discourse. A post-modern, ecosystemic perspective is applied to these concerns, proposing a collaborative approach to social discourse, psychotherapy and research. This utilizes reflective, multi-dimensional, respectful and nonjudgmental values, reflecting the shift in social paradigms from the Industrial Age to the Knowledge Age. This shift recognizes that cultural, social and language variables appear to have a greater impact on psychotherapeutic effectiveness than most therapeutic techniques or interventions. These discourses are explored and recommendations are made in an attempt to align psychotherapy with a shifting social paradigm. This alignment could enhance psychotherapeutic effectiveness and the general understanding of psychotherapy. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

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