Bakgrund: Flyktingar och migranter tillhör en av Europas högriskpopulationer, vilka lever under utmanade förhållanden, med eller utan pandemier. Det finns begränsad kunskap om situationen i flyktingläger under Covid-19 pandemin. Syftet: Att undersöka hjälparbetares erfarenheter från Covid-19 preventionsarbetet i Moria, Europas största flyktingläger. Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex hjälparbetare i Moria, under våren 2021. Intervjuerna genomfördes i person eller via videosamtal, varade mellan 42-79 minuter, spelades in, transkriberades, och analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen mynnade ut tre kategorier; Bristande grundförutsättningar, I motvind lyfter draken och Sociokulturella svårigheter, som sammanlagt innehöll åtta underkategorier. Kategorierna skildrar ett bortglömt hörn av Europa. Lägret är överbefolkat, antalet hjälparbetare är underdimensionerade liksom utrustning och stödet från ansvariga myndigheter. Detta till trots, gjorde de sitt yttersta för att följa Världshälsoorganisationens rekommendationer. Samtidigt hanterades stigma riktad mot invånarna i lägret som begränsade tillgång till vård och behandling. Sammantaget bildade kategorierna ett underliggande tema; Prevention i dubbel motvind, som illustrerar hur hjälparbetarna under redan bristande grundförutsättningar kämpade för att försöka lindra förödande konsekvenser av pandemin. Slutsats: Många faktorer försvårade Covid-19 preventionsarbetet i Moria. En djupgående, strukturell problematik skildras där avsaknad av stöd och resurser var av central betydelse. Å andra sidan, visade hjälparbetarna på stor vilja och engagemang att driva ett proaktivt och outtröttligt preventionsarbete, en kamp i motvind. / <p>Betyg i Ladok 210601.</p>

After successfully avoiding of the destructive scenario with the demolition of reservoirs and replacing them with parking house, the second question arises. How to stimulate the people's interest in these underground jewels, the interest that would confirm the decision to save reservoirs. One of the possible ways, in which I see a purpose and the one that I decided to chose is to make the reservoirs accessible alongside the pathway and let the natural curiosity of human to do the rest.

After successfully avoiding of the destructive scenario with the demolition of reservoirs and replacing them with parking house, the second question arises. How to stimulate the people's interest in these underground jewels, the interest that would confirm the decision to save reservoirs. One of the possible ways, in which I see a purpose and the one that I decided to chose is to make the reservoirs accessible alongside the pathway and let the natural curiosity of human to do the rest.

With over 19,200 asylum seekers living on its premises, the Moria refugee camp is operating way over its capacity of 3000 residents. Due to the uncontrolled, rapid growth of the camp, the existing sanitation infrastructure has fallen into disrepair under excessive usage. While the old toilets and showers are breaking down and lacking maintenance, creating new facilities has been slow, resulting in hundreds of people sharing one latrine. In this thesis, I analyze whether Moria‟s sanitation services meet the Sphere minimum standards and propose improvements based on the sustainable settlements framework. I argue that Moria is midst a protracted crisis. This means that in addition to meeting the minimum standards, the camp needs sustainable settlement planning for the many years it still has ahead of it. As a method, I use integrative literature review. The thesis finds that Moria cannot meet any of the Sphere standards as people live in a degrading, dangerous and unhealthy environment. Women and disabled people face additional challenges when using the few latrines, which are far away and have long queues. There is a risk of SGBV for vulnerable groups. Wastewater from Moria used to pollute a local stream until the sewage system was connected to a waste-processing plant in 2019, which is the only positive aspect that was found in the literature. However, broken pipes still create significant problems inside the camp. Seeing that waste is a problem on the tightly-packed camp, it is important that when new toilets are built they process excreta safely while saving space. I have introduced sustainable sanitation solutions that turn excreta into soil improver and energy. These toilets have long life-spans and are optimized to save space. They solve the problem of pollution and ideally, enhance the independence of their users, as excreta is turned into safe-to-handle products. To ensure that the users accept the new technologies, their engagement in the planning of the services is essential.

Concluding on this note, the thesis argues that reading The Lord of the Rings in this way renders postcolonial concepts accessible to a whole generation of readers already familiar with the series, and points to the possibility of examining other contemporary texts, or even further analysis of Tolkien's to reveal more postcolonial sensitivities engendered in the texts.; This thesis examines J.R.R. Tolkien's texts The Hobbit, The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King from a postcolonial literary perspective. By examining how these texts, written at the decline of the British Empire, engage with the theoretical polemics of imperialism, this thesis takes a new look at these popular and widely regarded books from a stance of serious academic interest. The first chapter examines how certain characters, who are Othered temporally in the realm of Middle-earth, manage to find a place of narrative centrality from the defamiliarized view of Merry, Pippin, Samwise, and Frodo, uncannily reoccurring throughout the narrative in increasingly disturbing manifestations. From there, the thesis moves on to uncanny places, examining in detail Mirkwood, Moria, Dunharrow, and the Shire at the end of The Return of the King. Each of these locations in Middle-earth helps Tolkien to explore the relationship between colonizer, colonized, and fetishism; the colonizer(s) disavow their own fears of these places by fetishizing the pathways they colonize for their safe passage. Since their paths are unsustainable colonially, these fetishes cannot fulfill their function, as the places are marked with unavoidable reminders of wildness and uncontrollability which cannot successfully be repressed for long. Ending this chapter with a discussion of the hobbit's return to the Shire, the argument moves into the next chapter that discusses the small-scale colonization that takes place in the heart of Frodo himself, making the Shire he used to know firmly unavailable to him. The Ring, in this case, is the colonizer, doubling, fracturing, and displacing Frodo's selfhood so that he becomes unfamiliar to himself. The uncanniness that this produces and Frodo's inability to heal from his experience with the Ring, this thesis argues, echoes the postcolonial themes of irreconcilability and the fantasy of origin.