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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Diversidade cultural, morfolÃgica e patogÃnica de isolados de Lasiodiplodia theobromae associados a frutÃferas tropicais / Cultural, morphological and pathogenic isolates Lasiodiplodia theobromae associated with tropical fruit

Joilson Silva Lima 29 July 2011 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior / Lasiodiplodia theobromae à um fungo cosmopolita, polÃfago e oportunista, com reduzida especializaÃÃo patogÃnica, que infecta espÃcies de plantas em regiÃes tropicais e temperadas, causando os mais variados sintomas. A crescente expansÃo das doenÃas causadas por L. theobromae em frutÃferas tropicais vem causando inestimÃveis perdas, tanto no sistema produtivo como em pÃs-colheita, representando uma ameaÃa à fruticultura no Nordeste. Daà a necessidade de conhecimentos bÃsicos sobre a biologia populacional e a interaÃÃo do patÃgeno com as plantas hospedeiras. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar isolados de L. theobromae associados a frutÃferas tropicais de diferentes regiÃes, avaliando o aspecto cultural, morfolÃgico e patogÃnico. Foram avaliados o crescimento micelial, coloraÃÃo da colÃnia, dimensÃes dos conÃdios e patogenicidade dos isolados em mudas de cajazeira, cajueiro, gravioleira e umbuzeiro. O trabalho foi realizado na Casa de VegetaÃÃo e no LaboratÃrio de Fitopatologia da Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical. Os dados de caracterizaÃÃo morfocultural mostraram haver alta diversidade na populaÃÃo do patÃgeno. As inoculaÃÃes realizadas nas quatro diferentes espÃcies hospedeiras apontaram alta variabilidade patogÃnica entre os isolados do fungo. Em mudas de cajueiro CCP 76 nÃo foi possÃvel observar especificidade patogÃnica, pois todos os isolados apresentaram similar nÃvel de agressividade, demonstrando a suscetibilidade deste clone ao patÃgeno, suscetibilidade essa, tambÃm observada em gravioleira. O umbuzeiro foi a espÃcie que apresentou maior resistÃncia ao fungo. Os dados mostraram que existe interaÃÃo entre as caracterÃsticas morfoculturais e a agressividade dos isolados de L. theobromae. De acordo com os resultados, a altitude dos locais de origem dos isolados nÃo influencia em suas caracterÃsticas morfoculturais e patogÃnicas. / Lasiodiplodia theobromae is an ubiquitous, polyphagous and opportunistic fungus with a reduced pathogenic ability. Nevertheless, it may infect several plant species over tropical and temperate regions, causing many different kinds of symptoms. The increasingly expansion of diseases caused by L. theobromae in tropical fruit plants has been imposing severe losses both at orchard level and in post-harvest at market, threaten the fruit crop industry in Northeast Region of Brazil. Therefore there is an urgent need for research pursuing basic knowledge on population biology of the fungus and host-pathogen interactions. This study aimed to characterize a L. theobromae population which has been associated to tropical plant species growing under different ecosystems in northeastern Brazil. Colony growth in culture, color and size of conidia and ability to cause disease upon inoculation on cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale), soursop (Annona muricata), yellow mombin (Spondias mombin) and Brazil plum (Spondias tuberosa) were evaluated. He study was carried out at Plant Pathology Lab and screenhouse of Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical in Fortaleza, Cearà State. Results showed a high diversity of morphology and hyphal growth among fungus isolates. Also, a very high variability on disease expression upon inoculation into four plant species was observed. However, it was found a lack of specificity of isolates as to infect cashew plants, since all isolates were able to infect cashew with similar high aggressiveness, which demonstrated a high degree of susceptibility of cashew clone used (CCP 76). Similar results were found also for soursop plants as host. Brazil plum showed a very high resistance to all isolates. The data points out for the existence of morphological and pathogenic interactions within L. theobromae population studied. According with the results, altitude and region of isolate origin has no effect on the studied features.

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