Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Greifswald.

abstract: This project details specific placement and usage of the Clara motive in Robert Schumann’s Dichterliebe. The analysis categorizes the motive according to its different shapes and relationships to the poetry in Dichterliebe. Four main permutations of the motive are discussed in great detail: the original motive, inverted motive, retrograde motive, and retrograde inverted motive. Schumann (1810–1856) composed more than 160 vocal works in 1840, commonly referred to as his Liederjahr. At the time, Schumann and Clara Wieck (1819–1896) were planning to marry, despite the objections of her father Friedrich Wieck (1785–1873). Robert was inspired to write Dichterliebe because of the happiness-and anxiety-surrounding his love for Clara, and the difficulties leading to their impending marriage. Schumann used the Clara motive (C-Bb-A-G#-A), which incorporates the letters of her name, throughout the song cycle in special moments as a tool of musical expression that alludes to his future wife. Eric Sams (1926–2004), a specialist of German Lieder, has made significant contributions to the research of the Clara motive in Schumann’s music (through his book The Songs of Robert Schumann). However, research into specific locations and transformations of the Clara motive within the Dichterliebe are still insufficient. A further awareness of the Clara motive’s inner working is intended to help performers interpret this song cycle. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2019

In recent years, the progress of medical care has increased the longevity much. Hence, the aged people hold a growing proportion of total population in developed countries. Besides, people in Taiwan have more spare time because the authority regulates workers in Taiwan own two holidays per week. And under such trend, people put sports recreation and health care at a premium. Among a lot of sports that aged people engage in, Tai Chi Chuan is considered to benefit our health. At this moment, over 100 countries have established Tai Chi Chuan associations and some activities of them call more than 10 thousand people to participate in. However, most of present researches just focus on the advantages that Tai Chi Chuan do for physical and mental functions. But there is still in lack of research about their participative motives. Hence, this research is making efforts to find out the primary motives that influence the silver-haired people to participate in Tai Chi Chuan, and then separate the aged people into different groups by their motives. And the promoters will be able to work out their marketing strategy toward these aged participants. About the research methods, this research adopts in-depth interview first. By abundant experience of Tai Chi Chuan masters, the participative motives of their students and the features of Tai Chi Chuan are found out. Later, through a focus group interview, the motives of Tai Chi Chuan participants are also discussed. Then, these found motives are used to make the questionnaire. Because of lack of member book of the participants the questionnaires are distributed on a convenient basis. In the research, 380 questionnaires are distributed to silver-haired participants who are over 50 years old. 280 questionnaires are received and the valid samples attain to 259. After factor analysis, five factors are extracted, including ¡§Extrinsic behavior and identity¡¨, ¡§Improving physical and mental health¡¨, ¡§Pursuit of Tai Chi Chuan philosophy and skills¡¨, ¡§Recreation, escape from pressure, and making friends¡¨, ¡§Longevity and soul inspiration¡¨, and ¡§Body shaping¡¨. And then according to cluster analysis, three groups are separated on the basis of the five factors. Each of them is named ¡§Pursuit of extrinsic identity¡¨, ¡§Pursuit of soul inspiration and mental health¡¨, and ¡§Pursuit of balanced physical and mental health¡¨. Finally, by Chi-square test and ANOVA analysis, this research discovers that the average years of practice is significant related to ¡§Extrinsic behavior and identity¡¨, ¡§Improving physical and mental health¡¨, ¡§Longevity and soul inspiration¡¨. Therefore, promoters can find the needs of the silver-haired Tai Chi Chuan participants by these chief motives and design unique activities for each segment to make their promotion more effective.

Owing to the NASDAQ crash, the development of internet advertisement is somewhat sluggish. The ICP owners have to to find a new model to servive; thus, they plan to gain cashflow from the users. The content of financial websites is relatively uniqe, so this study will focus on the user motive and willingness-to-pay of fincial content website. The study built up the dimensions of website content/services via website observation. And then it also uses the web-based questionnaire to understand the user motive and willingness-to-pay of financial content website. The findings are as fellowed: 1. There are three main motives for the usage of financial website. They are "infornation", "interaction", and "interesting/learning" motives. The most important motive is "information". 2. The users are most willing to pay for the "analyses/reports", "alert", and "full-text database seraching". 3. The user motive is relevent to the willingness- to-pay of financial content websites.Those who are of the "interaction" motive are the most willing to pay ones. 4. Age group, education background, and items of investment are three intervening varieces of the measurement of user motive and willingness-to-pay. 5. The findings would be useful for the planning of financial content website. It also keeps the records of current situiation of the existing financial content websites.

Due to the improvement of the living standard and economic situation of consumers in Taiwan, the consumption of cosmetics and skincare products has been popularized and the market scale is keep expanding. Among all kinds of cosmetics and skincare products in different channels, the self-selective ones play an important role in the industry. There are many chain stores sell self-selective cosmetics and skincare products, but only Watsons tend to draw consumers¡¦ attention with its eye-catching marketing strategy in many aspects. Thus, the study is about the marketing strategy of Watsons and the discussion is mainly about the relationship between marketing strategy, consumers¡¦ characteristic and shopping motive. In order to dig deeper from this case study of Watsons, the analysis is performed both in statistics and case interview. The result shows that age is appropriate for consumer segmentation. And among all marketing strategy variables, the purchasing convenience and the commodity factor is closely related to the purchasing behavior directly or not, while the importance of customer service can barely shift the consumers¡¦ shopping motive or the purchasing behavior.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Freiburg i. Br.

This work represents a theoretical and empirical study of distinct subcomponents of the explicit power motive (broadly defined as conscious desires to attain control and prestige) matching distinctions between social hierarchies (e.g., hierarchies based on forced or voluntary deference). Three factor analytic studies showed a consistent three factor structure in existing and newly created questionnaire items matching the power motive definition and selected for being able to distinguish between different kinds of hierarchies. These factors represented distinct motives for dominance (i.e., the desire to coerce others), prestige (i.e., the desire to attain others’ respect), and leadership (i.e., the desire to direct others): the DoPL motives. Several further studies were conducted to provide evidence for the DoPL motives’ validity and their distinct properties. First, mostly in line with the theoretical predictions, the DoPL motives showed differential correlations with relevant personality characteristics such as the BIG 5 personality traits or self-reported anger/aggression. Second, the DoPL motives explained more than 80% of variance in two power motive scales, showing that they indeed represent constituent parts of the power motive. Third, whereas the leadership motive predicted full-time employees’ rank across different fields of work, the prestige motive predicted participants’ endorsement of moral concerns. Fourth, the dominance motive predicted the amount of money participants kept for themselves in two dictator games. Fifth, whereas the dominance motive was negatively, the leadership motive was positively related to charitable giving behaviour. Sixth, a sample of Donald Trump voters in the 2016 US election showed more agreement with accusations of unfair treatment of their candidate as a function of their dominance motive. This effect was stronger before as compared to after the election. Seventh, a study related to effort mobilisation in tasks ostensibly related to the DoPL motives found no significant effects. In conclusion, this work amplifies the importance of differentiating between subcomponents of the explicit power motive by showing their differential relationship to a range of behavioural and cognitive outcomes and other relevant characteristics.

College alcohol abuse continues as a major public-health concern. Theory-driven research is necessary to address the severe negative consequences of this college drinking. One theory that offers particular promise is the theory of planned behavior (TPB). This theory posits that attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and intentions are the causal underpinnings of behavior. The current research investigates the utility of this theory in predicting college-student drinking behavior and investigates the potential benefit of including "motives" as an additional theoretical construct. In total, 316 students completed two electronic surveys. The first survey measured participants" standing on TPB constructs and motives. The second survey, administered two weeks later, asked participants about their alcohol consumption over the prior two weeks. Results not only shed light on the severity of the college drinking culture, but also offered a potential theoretical mechanism to promote positive behavior change. While the average participant reported consuming alcohol at binge drinking levels, the TPB with the inclusion of motives offered promise. Using structural equation modeling, this proposed model explained 71% of the variance in drinking intentions and 83% of the variance in self-reported drinking behavior in the follow-up survey. Motives added significantly to this model, indicating future TPB studies may benefit from including motives as an additional theoretical construct. / Master of Science

Les variétés de Picard sont des variétés de Shimura associées au groupe des similitudes unitaires d'un espace hermitien de dimension 3 sur un corps CM. Elles paramétrisent les classes d'isomorphismes de variétés abdéliennes munies de certaines structures supplémentaires. En particulier, il existe une variété abdélienne universelle sur une variété de Picard et plus généralement des familles de Kuga-Sato.A ces variétés sont attachés des groupes de cohomologie. L'un des intérêts de telles variétés est qu'il est possible de trouver des représentations automorphes dans les groupes de cohomologie qui lui sont attachés, en particulier dans les groupes de cohomologie intérieure. Selon le programme de Langlands, ces représentations correspondent conjecturalement à des motifs. Le résultat principal de cette thèse est la construction de facteurs directs du motif intérieur de certaines familles de Kuga-Sato sur des variétés de Picard, c'est-a-dire d'un analogue motivique de la cohomologie intérieure. Cela passe par une étude détaillée des poids du motif bord de ces familles. On en déduit l'existence de motifs associés à certaines représentations automorphes. / Picard varieties are Shimura varieties associated to the group of unitary similitudes of an hermitian space of dimension 3 over a CM eld. They parametrize isomorphism classes of abelian varieties with some additional data. In particular, there exists a universal abelian variety over a Picard variety and more generally Kuga-Sato families. Cohomology groups are attached to these varieties. Automorphic representations can be found in cohomology groups, more precisely in interior cohomology groups. Following Langlands' program, these representations correspond conjecturally to motives. The main result of this thesis is the construction of direct factors of the interior motive of certain Kuga-Sato families over a Picard variety, meaning a motivic analogue of interior cohomology. To prove this, we study the weights of the boundary motive of such families. We deduce from this the existence of a motive associated to certain automorphic representations.

This thesis deals with the subject of food and its aspects in the work of Uwe Timm. The first part depicts different areas from everyday life which are in some way linked to food. German-speaking writers are mentioned for comparison since they address the subject of food in their literary works in some way as well. In the next section the biography of the author is presented, since he incorporates his autobiographical features and experiences in his work. Based on motive research, selected literary works by Uwe Timm are examined and different nuances of the aspect of food are presented. KEY WORDS food, motive of food, motive research, Uwe Timm, literature