Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 22, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-139).

No description available.

No atual contexto da indústria automotiva nacional e internacional, como parte do processo produtivo, no nível da Linha de Produção, são realizadas inspeções para a verificação da qualidade dos itens utilizados nos produtos destinados ao mercado consumidor. Dentre esses itens está o sistema elétrico que equipa os veículos automotores, cujo funcionamento dos circuitos deve ser inspecionado na fase final de montagem dos veículos, para a verificação do atendimento à conformidade aplicada ao sistema elétrico em questão. A partir dessa conjuntura desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho cujo conteúdo aborda proposta conceitual de aplicação da comunicação por radiação infravermelha em sistema de auxílio à inspeção da rede elétrica de veículo automotor. Essa abordagem trata de elementos do projeto conceitual de um sistema específico, cujo modelo de aplicação propõe a utilização de unidades portáteis destinadas à realização das inspeções, sendo a radiação infravermelha utilizada para comunicação sem fios, na transferência automática de dados das inspeções. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios práticos efetuados com os protótipos dos elementos do sistema abordado foram satisfatórios, sendo validados os princípios de funcionamento desses elementos, ratificando os conceitos propostos, principalmente no que se refere: à aplicação da comunicação por radiação infravermelha; ao modelo de aplicação do sistema abordado, que utiliza unidades móveis para a realização das inspeções em questão; ao conceito de integração de sistemas, que prevê a integração do sistema abordado com os demais sistemas computacionais tipicamente existentes nas empresas produtoras de veículos automotores. Os objetivos propostos foram atingidos, sendo no conteúdo do trabalho apresentados os resultados de pesquisas voltadas para o propósito de contribuir para a evolução da tecnologia empregada em sistema de auxílio à inspeção de funcionamento de circuitos elétricos de veículos automotores. / Nowadays the national and international automotive industry, at Production Line level and as part of their productive process, perform inspections to verify the quality of items employed in products dedicated to the consumer market. Among those items is the electrical system that equips the auto motor vehicles, which must have its circuitry operation inspected in the final assembly line, in order to verify if it is complying with the requirements applied to such electrical system. Starting from such context it was developed this work whose content treats of conceptual proposal of application of communication by means of infrared radiation in system of aiding to inspection of auto motor vehicle electrical network. That approach treats of elements of conceptual design of a specific system, whose model of application proposes the utilization of portable units dedicated to the accomplishment of inspections, where the infrared radiation is employed to the wireless communication, in the automatic data transfer from inspections. The tests results with the prototypes of elements of the system aforementioned were accordingly performed. It was validated the principles of operation of those elements confirming the proposed concepts, mainly concerning to the application of infrared radiation to the proposed system, that uses portable units for accomplishment of inspections, described herein, to the concept of system integration. Such system foresees its integration with computational systems typically employed by companies that produce auto motor vehicles. The proposed goals were reached and within the context of that work the results of this research aiming to contribute to the evolution of the technology used in system of aiding to the inspection of operation of auto motor vehicles electrical networks.

The South African Automotive industry has been one that has enjoyed the subsidies schemes like the Motor Industry Development Program (MIDP), and in the near future the Automotive Production Development Program (APDP). There are however different schools of thought when it comes to subsidies for an industry. One is that there should be no incentives when others are for the schemes, which one is best for the growing economy of a young democratic and highly unemployed nation? Looking at the next planned incentive scheme to be introduced to replace the MIDP, the APDP is it better than the MIDP? How are these schemes going to benefit the country in the future and will they exist for as long as we have the Auto industry in South Africa? The objective is to prompt those in political power and positions capable of influencing infrastructure changes to think long term when making decisions today that will affect future generations. Future generations should be able to benefit from future technologies of the day and not be hindered by the lack of improved and capable infrastructure.

This master’s thesis analyzes issue of company car insurance in a selected business subject. Evaluates current state of insurance, compares it with current offer of insurance products on the Czech insurance market and determines appropriate actions for improvement of insurance protection of company car in the selected business subject.

This diploma thesis deals with creating a database of intentional damages of motor vehicles by selected tools and their documentation. Used tools can by often found in any household or workshop. First part describes how insurance and settlement of claim works. Next part deals with insurance frauds and in the third part damages are sorted into categories. Following part describes damages that incurred in actual traffic accidents and closures whether their were insurance frauds or not, and the susequent part is the creating of intentional damages and their processing into a database. In the end i tis described how such a database is an asset for forensic engineering.

In einer längsschnittlichen Untersuchung wurden 64 Patienten der unfallchirurgischen Abteilung einer Universitätsklinik 10 Tage und 3 Monate nach einem Verkehrsunfall untersucht. Erhoben wurden die posttraumatische Belastungssymptomatik und Gedankenkontrollstrategien. Zum ersten Untersuchungszeitpunkt (10 Tage) zeigt sich eine der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTB) äquivalente Belastungssymptomatik bei 14,1% und nach 3 Monaten eine PTB-Prävalenz von 39,1%. Es zeigen sich Zusammenhänge zwischen einigen Gedankenkontrollstrategien und PTB-Symptomatik nach 10 Tagen und, in schwächerer Ausprägung auch nach 3 Monaten. Im Ergebnis einer explorativen Auswertung zeigt sich, daß insbesondere die Strategien «Ablenkung» und «Sorgen» eine relevante Rolle im Zusammenhang mit der PTB-Symptomatik spielen. / In a longitudinal survey 64 inpatients of an emergency clinic were examined 1 week as well as 3 months after a motor vehicle accident. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and strategies of thought control were assessed. Ten days after the accident, a posttraumatic stress symptomatology is observable in 14.1% of patients, 3 months after the accident the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is 39.1%. Strategies of thought control are correlated with posttraumatic symptomatology 10 days after the accident and after 3 months. The result of an explorative data analysis shows an important role of the control strategies ’distraction’ and ’worry’ in correlation with posttraumatic stress symptoms. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

In the United States, motor vehicle crashes are one of the leading causes of unintentional injury death and disability for children ages 1'15 years. Despite local, state, and federal legislative and educational efforts, children continue to be restrained improperly and thus face harm. Identifying behaviors and barriers that place child occupants at risk is crucial for implementing focused, injury-prevention programs and policies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Connecticut's child passenger safety law that was strengthened in 2005. This study involved a multifactorial approach to predicting child seat use, guided by Roger's diffusion of innovations as the theoretical framework. The analysis determined if there was a difference in the prevalence of car seat use before as compared to after law implementation and identified variables that best predicted the use of car seats and premature transition to a seat belt. Using Connecticut's Crash Data Repository, a logistic regression analysis indicated that car seat use was 1.3 times more likely post law (OR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.65-0.86) and that in particular, children ages 4, 5, and 6 (combined) were most positively affected by the law (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54-0.82). Driver sex, crash time of day, child age, and child seating position were all determined to be significant predictors of whether or not a child was in a child safety seat. Additionally, these variables were also determined to be predictors of early transition to use of a lap/shoulder belt (versus child seat). The social change implication of this study is that identifying predictors of car seat use and early transition helps to formulate and implement injury prevention measures that could in turn help to decrease medical costs, save lives, and prevent injuries.

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Frontal motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) resulted in 10,813 fatalities and 937,000 injuries in 2014, which is more than any other type of MVC. In order to mitigate the injuries and fatalities resulting from MVCs, new safety restraint technologies and more biofidelic anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) have been developed. However, the biofidelity of these new ATDs must be evaluated, and the mechanisms of injury must be understood in order to accurately predict injury. Evaluating the biomechanical response, injury mechanisms, and injury threshold of the thorax are particularly important because the thorax is one of the most frequently injured body regions in MVCs. Furthermore, sustaining a severe thoracic injury in an MVC significantly increases mortality risk. The overall objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the biomechanical responses of human surrogates under various frontal loading conditions. This objective was divided into three sub-objectives: 1) to evaluate the biofidelity of the current frontal impact ATDs, 2) to evaluate the effect of different safety restraints on occupant responses, and 3) to evaluate rib material properties with respect to sex, age, structural response, and loading history. In order to meet sub-objectives 1 and 2, full-scale frontal sled tests were performed on three different human surrogates: the 50th percentile male Hybrid III (HIII) ATD, the 50th percentile male Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR-M) ATD, and approximately 50th percentile male post-mortem human surrogates (PMHS). All surrogates were tested under three safety restraint conditions: knee bolster (KB), KB and steering wheel airbag (KB/SWAB), and knee bolster airbag and SWAB (KBAB/SWAB). The kinematic, lower extremity, abdominal, thoracic, and neck responses were then compared between surrogates and restraint conditions. In order to assess biofidelity, the ATD responses were compared to the PMHS responses. For both the kinematic and thoracic responses, the HIII and THOR-M had comparable biofideltiy. However, the HIII responses were slightly more biofidelic. The ATDs experienced similar lower extremity kinetics, but very different kinetics at the upper and lower neck due to differences in design. Evaluation of the different restraint conditions showed that the SWAB and KBAB both affected injury risk. The SWAB decreased head injury risk for all surrogates, and increased or decreased thoracic injury risk, depending on the surrogate. The KBAB decreased the risk of femur injury, but increased or decreased tibia injury risk depending on the surrogate and injury metric used to predict risk. In order to meet sub-objective 3, the tensile material properties of human rib cortical bone and the structural properties of whole ribs were quantified at strain rates similar to those observed in frontal impacts. The rib cortical bone underwent coupon tension testing, while the whole ribs underwent bending tests intended to simulate loading from a frontal impact. The rib material properties accounted for less than 50% of the variation observed in the whole rib structural properties, indicating that other factors, such as rib geometry, were also influencing the structural response of whole ribs. Age was significantly negatively correlated with the modulus, yield stress, failure strain, failure stress, plastic strain energy density, and total strain energy density. However, sex did not significantly influence any of the material properties. Cortical bone material properties were quantified from the ribs that underwent the whole rib bending tests and subject-matched, untested (control) ribs in order to evaluate the effect of loading history on material properties. Yield stress and yield strain were the only material properties that were significantly different between the previously tested and control ribs. The results of this dissertation can guide ATD and safety restrain design. Additionally, this dissertation provides human surrogate response data and rib material property data for the validation of finite element models, which can then be used to evaluate injury mitigation strategies for MVCs. / PHD