Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Research on military families has increased since the beginning of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq; however, the research focuses on military families is general with little specific information on Black families within the military. Given the known general impact of race, this is a critical gap in the research into military families. This qualitative descriptive study explores the life of Black daughters in military families by examining the challenges and benefits of growing up as a Black daughter in a military family. There were three primary research questions asked of the participants about their experiences: 1) What challenges did you experience growing up in a military family; 2) What benefits did you experience growing up in a military family; and, 3) Do you believe that being Black affected the challenges and benefits you experienced? If so, in what way(s)? The participants also answered two additional questions of importance to social workers and health practitioners who work with military families: 1) What advice would you give to social workers who work with military families?; and, 2) What advice would you have for the military to help families address the challenges you have mentioned? The answers to the primary research questions are reviewed through the Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity (MMRI), models of systems theory, mettle, adaptability, and transformability. Consideration of the “Strong Black Woman” perspective is also examined. A look at the roles that women play as well as roles imposed on women by others is explored. Implications for social workers, health practitioners, and schools of social work are discussed, inclusive of military family culture and the importance of cultural competence in considering the intersections of a person’s life: racial identity in addition to military implications. / 2021-10-02

在科技發達的現今，而企業間的經營競爭也愈來愈激烈，企業需要有一套績效評估的標準以知道本身是否有成長？是否有利潤產生？是否具有競爭力？然而在現今的資訊時代中，大部分的企業所採用的企業績效評估的標準仍以傳統的財務會計模式為主，然而財務面只是企業經營成果的最後衡量，而哪些因素是影響、導致最後在財務面的成果展現則是非常重要且需要去探討的。 Kaplan & Norton所提出的平衡計分卡(The Balanced Scorecard; BSC)能幫助企業達成願景，滿足股東的期望。平衡計分卡(BSC)包括四個構面(財務、顧客、內部流程、學習與成長)，強調企業最後的營運績效(利潤)不僅只來自於財務報表的資料成果，還包括其它層面(如顧客、內部流程、學習與成長)所間接產生的因果關係所造成的影響。 另一方面，企業的資訊系統(IS)可以產生有用的資訊以提供給高階主管決策之用，幫助調整企業的策略目標與願景，可反應出企業策略的制定有無妥善。然而，傳統的資訊系統(IS)卻無法即時有效地提供資訊；因此，就應利用多維度模式(Multi-Dimensional Model)的資料結構來找出所追求的關鍵性資訊以供作決策。 在資訊時代中，對於如何幫助企業發展一個平衡計分卡(BSC)，使企業根據策略目標與願景獲取競爭優勢以達到永續經營；而以多維度模型(Multi-Dimensional Model)所建構的資訊系統，可反應出經過分析後所得到的資訊是否可以支援(Support)企業在平衡計分卡(BSC)中所設計的策略性指標(Indicators)。 根據以上所述，本研究針對製造業中的一家製帽公司進行研究，探討企業是否能夠建立平衡計分卡(BSC)系統？同時，探討企業的資訊系統(IS)對於平衡計分卡(BSC)的支援情況如何？以及從一般的資訊系統建立平衡計分卡(BSC)的困難處在哪？最後，要探討的是如何利用資料結構(多維度模型)去支援(Support)平衡計分卡(BSC)？ 研究所得結論可歸納為，受訪的個案公司能夠接受平衡計分卡(BSC)的觀念；然而平衡計分卡(BSC)的實施有賴於各層面因果關係的建立；若要達到各層面因果關係的建立，則企業需要有以流程為主的整合資訊系統；而受訪個案公司的傳統資訊系統不易支援平衡計分卡(BSC)；若企業沒有良好的資料模型就無法支援平衡計分卡(BSC)；而平衡計分卡(BSC)需要以多維度模型(Multi-Dimensional Model)來支援。

This thesis describes the proces of implementation of selected elements of Philosophy for Children in the activities of an after-school club. Philosophy for Children and the school club are presented in the theoretical part. The case study describes twenty Philosophy for Children sessions carried out in the morning and afternoon school club programme. Furthermore, factors influencing the programme that have been encounte-red during the philosophical sessions are discussed.