Disertacijoje nagrinėjama gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistema darnos požiūriu. Pagal sukurtą susisiekimo sistemos analizei naudojamą rodiklių sis-temą, disertacijoje nagrinėjami sprendimų paramos sistemos metodai, tinkantys gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos analizes uždaviniams spręsti, tai pat analizuojamos šių metodų integracijos galimybės su geografinėmis informa-cinėmis sistemomis (GIS). Pagrindinis darbo tikslas – sudaryti teorinį modelį, kuris leistų daugiatiksliais sprendimų priėmimo metodais bei GIS technologi-jomis įvertinti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos darną ir darniai planuoti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystymąsi ateityje. Dis-ertacijoje siūlomas modelis suteikia galimybę atlikti skirtingų gyvenamųjų teri-torijų susisiekimo sistemų rangavimą, analizuoti įvairias gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystimosi alternatyvas, jas palyginti bei atrinkti geriausią. Modelis yra integruotas su GIS ir suteikia galimybė atlikti gyvenamųjų teritorijų plėtros tendencijų modeliavimą. / The main goal of the current PhD thesis is urban transport system analysis according sustainability. In dissertation have been analyzed urban areas transport system using integrated decision support system methods with GIS. These methods have been adopted for urban transport system analysis, urban territories ranking according transport system level. Also the indicators system for urban transport system analysis was filled with other important indicators groups for urban sustainability (environmental, socio economic). The aim of the paper cov-ers creation of theoretical model, which could evaluate urban transport system sustainability and perform rational planning of urban future development ac-cording decision support methods and GIS technologies. Also this model could allow executing urban transport system ranking by engineering infrastructure, socio economic and environment aspects. Model could perform comparing of urban development scenarios and to indicate the best one, which satisfies trans-port systems indicators.

The main goal of the current PhD thesis is urban transport system analysis according sustainability. In dissertation have been analyzed urban areas transport system using integrated decision support system methods with GIS. These methods have been adopted for urban transport system analysis, urban territories ranking according transport system level. Also the indicators system for urban transport system analysis was filled with other important indicators groups for urban sustainability (environmental, socio economic). The aim of the paper cov-ers creation of theoretical model, which could evaluate urban transport system sustainability and perform rational planning of urban future development ac-cording decision support methods and GIS technologies. Also this model could allow executing urban transport system ranking by engineering infrastructure, socio economic and environment aspects. Model could perform comparing of urban development scenarios and to indicate the best one, which satisfies trans-port systems indicators. / Disertacijoje nagrinėjama gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistema darnos požiūriu. Pagal sukurtą susisiekimo sistemos analizei naudojamą rodiklių sis-temą, disertacijoje nagrinėjami sprendimų paramos sistemos metodai, tinkantys gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos analizes uždaviniams spręsti, tai pat analizuojamos šių metodų integracijos galimybės su geografinėmis informa-cinėmis sistemomis (GIS). Pagrindinis darbo tikslas – sudaryti teorinį modelį, kuris leistų daugiatiksliais sprendimų priėmimo metodais bei GIS technologi-jomis įvertinti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos darną ir darniai planuoti gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystymąsi ateityje. Dis-ertacijoje siūlomas modelis suteikia galimybę atlikti skirtingų gyvenamųjų teri-torijų susisiekimo sistemų rangavimą, analizuoti įvairias gyvenamųjų teritorijų susisiekimo sistemos vystimosi alternatyvas, jas palyginti bei atrinkti geriausią. Modelis yra integruotas su GIS ir suteikia galimybė atlikti gyvenamųjų teritorijų plėtros tendencijų modeliavimą.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The decision process is an important aspect in the lives of individuals and, because of the complexity that it takes in certain situations, the application of multi-criteria methods have been presented as aid in making decision (GOMES, and CARIGNANO ARAYA, 2004). Thus, it arises the concern in relation to the way of decisions are made or how they should be taken in the theory (Dillon, 1998), which motivated us to conduct this study, i.e, to check if a Multi-criteria Decision Support system fits the process of human decision. For this, we took as basis the fundamental elements of AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process (Saaty, 1981), which allowed up to five categories of analysis in this study, namely: OEC - (Order of Choice Criteria), OCA (Order Comparison of Alternatives), CPP (pairwise comparison), VPA (Provision of a weight vector for each attribute) and HAA (the hierarchy of attributes for evaluation). Accordingly, the experiment was conducted in the laboratory, so that the individual perform the task of choosing notebook independently, with the aid of a Multicriteria Decision Support system AHP MAKH-ER system and without the aid of the DSS, i.e, only the individual's mind to guide the decision on which it was used a protocol verbal think aloud. The presentation of the results showed significant differences for four from five categories of analysis under the AHP. Accordingly, through hypothesis testing, the only category that had no significant difference in both tasks was the order of choice criteria (OEC). Regarding to the other categories, OCA, CPP, VPA and HAA, these significant differences in both tasks, and it can be seen that the makers did not follow the prescriptive model of the system. The discussion of the results reveals important peculiarities in the process of decision making, since the decision-making process within a normative perspective, using a DSS is similar only to the Order of choice criteria in relation to human decision making. Regarding the other categories of analysis, it was not found statistical evidence to claim that the process is similar, although the final decision has been the same, as confirmed by the principle of invariance of the theory of rational decision (Tversky and Kahneman, 1986). For this reason, the hypothesis of this study cannot be confirmed, ie, it is not possible to say, in light of scientific observation that a Multi-criteria Decision Support system fits the human decision making. With regard to the conduct of the decider on options for finding information, it can be said that the process is similar in both tasks, since both the tasks with the help of DSS as in without the help of DSS, the decision maker sought the information criterion, which verifies the value of the three alternatives for a certain criteria before making the weights to the attribute in question. / O processo decisório é um dos aspectos mais importantes na vida dos indivíduos e, devido a complexidade que o mesmo assume em certas situações, a aplicação de metodologias multicritério tem sido apresentada como auxílio na tomada de decisão (GOMES, ARAYA e CARIGNANO, 2004). Assim, surge a inquietude em relação à forma com que as decisões são tomadas ou como deveriam ser tomadas, teoricamente (Dillon, 1998) o que motivou a realização desse estudo, isto é, verificar se um Sistema Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão ajusta-se ao processo de decisão humana. Para tal, tomou-se como base os elementos fundamentais do método AHP Processo Analítico Hierárquico (Saaty, 1981), que permitiram constituir as cinco categorias de análise deste estudo, quais sejam: OEC (Ordem de Escolha dos Critérios); OCA (Ordem de comparação das alternativas); CPP (Comparação par a par); VPA (Fornecimento de um vetor de pesos para cada atributo) e HAA (Hierarquia de atributos para avaliação). Assim, foi conduzido um experimento em laboratório, de forma que o indivíduo realizasse a tarefa de escolha de notebook de modo independente: com o auxílio de um Sistema Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão AHP MAKH-ER e sem o auxílio do SAD, ou seja, tendo somente a mente do indivíduo como guia da decisão, no qual foi utilizado o protocolo verbal think aloud. A apresentação dos resultados exibiu diferença significativa para quatro das cinco categorias de análise decorrentes do método AHP. Nesse sentido, através dos testes de hipótese, a única categoria que não teve diferença significa em ambas as tarefas foi a Ordem de escolha dos critérios (OEC). Com relação às demais categorias, OCA, CPP, VPA e HAA, elas apresentaram diferença significativa em ambas as tarefas, podendo-se perceber que os decisores não seguiram o modelo prescritivo do sistema. A discussão dos resultados revela importantes particularidades no processo de tomada de decisão, uma vez que o processo decisório, dentro de uma perspectiva normativa, utilizando um SAD assemelha-se apenas para a Ordem de escolha dos critérios no que tange ao processo de decisão humana. Com relação às demais categorias de análise, não foi encontrada comprovação estatística para afirmar que o processo se assemelha, embora o resultado final da decisão tenha sido o mesmo, sendo confirmado pelo princípio da invariância da teoria racional da decisão (TVERSKY e KAHNEMAN, 1986). Por tal razão, a hipótese deste estudo não pode ser confirmada, ou seja, não é possível afirmar, à luz da observação científica que um Sistema Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão ajusta-se ao processo de decisão humana. Com relação ao comportamento do decisor sobre as opções de busca de informações, pode-se dizer que o processo se assemelha em ambas as tarefas uma vez que tanto na tarefa com o auxílio do SAD quanto na sem o auxílio do SAD, o decisor buscou as informações por critério, na qual verifica-se o valor das três alternativas para um determinado critério antes de fazer as ponderações para o atributo em questão.

Submitted by Caroline Falcao (caroline.rfalcao@ufpe.br) on 2017-06-01T17:06:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Jonatas Almeida TESE.pdf: 764105 bytes, checksum: fee60ad6af056a3b2687f228a7683e2c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T17:06:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Jonatas Almeida TESE.pdf: 764105 bytes, checksum: fee60ad6af056a3b2687f228a7683e2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-12 / Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para a seleção de portfólios de sistemas de informação que integra a visão estratégica da organização ao planejamento de SI. O método multicritério PROMETHEE V possui uma abordagem voltada para seleção de portfólios, porém possui problemas devido às suas transformações de escala, distorcendo o resultado. Foi testado então um modelo que utiliza o conceito de portfólios c-ótimos, para eliminar tais distorções devido a mudanças de escalas. O modelo baseado no PROMETHEE V com conceitos de portfólios c-ótimos foi aplicado a um problema realístico, sendo realizada também uma análise de robustez sobre o resultado. Foram verificadas, porém, distorções oriundas do próprio método PROMETHEE V. Uma análise aprofundada do método mostrou uma fonte destas distorções, oferecendo uma prova matemática da inadequação do PROMETHEE V. Um novo modelo foi proposto, como alternativa que utiliza a racionalidade não-compensatória do PROMETHEE sem apresentar as distorções verificadas no PROMETHEE V, para encontrar a solução do problema. O novo modelo aplica o método PROMETHEE II sobre os portfólios ao invés de projetos, para isto foi utilizado um procedimento de geração de portfólios de fronteira descrito na literatura, realizando sobre este procedimento uma adaptação que aumenta a sua eficiência. O novo modelo proposto foi aplicado a problemas simulados, sendo feita uma comparação que mostra que sua recomendação supera e podendo inclusive dominar a recomendação do modelo com PROMETHEE V. / This work presents a methodology for selection of information system portfolios that integrates the strategic view of the organization to the IS planning. The multi-criteria method PROMETHEE V has an aproach that aims the portfolio selection, but it has problems due to its changes in scale that distorts the result. A model that uses the concept of c-optimo portfolios has been tested then, in order to eliminate these distortions caused by changes in scale. The PROMETHEE V with the c-optimo portfolio concept has been used in a realistic problem, an analysis of robustness has also been done. However, distortions from the PROMETHEE V method have been verified. A deep analysis of the method has showed a source of these distortions, offering a mathematical proof of the PROMETHEE V inadequacy. A new model has been proposed as an alternative that uses the non compensatory rationality of the PROMETHEE, without presenting the distortions verified on the PROMETHEE V, in order to find solutions to the problem. The new model applies the PROMETHEE II methodon the portfolios instead on the projects. With this aim, was used a boundary portfolio generation procedure, described in literature, changing this procedure to increase its efficiency. The new model proposed was applied to simulated problems, and in a comparison of results, its recommendation was better and even dominates the PROMETHEE V recommendation.

This diploma thesis deals with insurance protection of permanent health consequences caused by illness or in case of injury. The aim of this work was to make an analysis of the offer of accidental injury insurance in the insurance market from the potential insurance applicants? point of view and also to identify the right combination of this kind of insurance with disability pension. In this work, four best insurance products offered in the Czech market are in detail described ? Pesrpektiva 7BN insurance by Kooperativa, Flexi insurance by Česká spořitelna, Benefit and Genio insurance by Generali Pojišťovna. A simulation applied to each of the products was made and analyzed. If a client follows the simulated model, he or she should be well insured. Using the methods of multi-criteria classification (method of rank, method of points, method WSA and method TOPSIS), the best product for potential applicants has been identified. The best option seems to be the insurance product Perspektiva 7BN offered by insurance company Kooperativa.

Dans un contexte industriel aéronautique où les problématiques de sécurité constituent un facteur différentiateur clé, l’objectif de cette thèse est de répondre à la problématique ambitieuse de la réduction des accidents de type opérationnel. Les travaux de recherche s’inscrivent dans le domaine des systèmes d’alarmes pour l’évitement de collision qui ne font pas une analyse approfondie des solutions d’évitement par rapport à la situation de danger. En effet, les situations d’urgence en vol ne bénéficient pas à ce jour d’une représentation et d’un guide des solutions associées formels. Bien que certains systèmes d’assistance existent et qu’une partie de la connaissance associée aux situations d’urgence ait pu être identifiée, la génération dynamique d’une séquence de manœuvres sous fortes contraintes de temps et dans un environnement non connu à l’avance représente une voie d’exploration nouvelle. Afin de répondre à cette question et de rendre objective la notion de danger, les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse mettent en confrontation la capacité d’évolution d’un aéronef dans son environnement immédiat avec une enveloppe physique devenant contraignante. Afin de mesurer ce danger, les travaux de recherche ont conduit à construire un module de trajectoires capable d’explorer l’espace en 3D. Cela a permis de tirer des enseignements en terme de flexibilité des manœuvres d’évitement possibles à l’approche du sol. De plus l’elicitation des connaissances des pilotes et des experts d’Airbus Helicopters (ancien Eurocopter) mis en situation d’urgence dans le cas d’accidents reconstitués en simulation a conduit à un ensemble de paramètres pour l’utilisation de la méthode multicritère PROMETHEE II dans le processus de prise de décision relatif au choix de la meilleure trajectoire d’évitement et par conséquent à la génération d’alarmes anti-collision. / In the aeronautics industrial context, the issues related to the safety constitute a highly differentiating factor. This PhD thesis addresses the challenge of operational type accident reduction. The research works are positioned and considered within the context of existing alerting equipments for collision avoidance, who don’t report a thorough analysis of the avoidance manoeuvres with respect to a possible threat. Indeed, in-flight emergency situations are various and do not all have a formal representation of escape procedures to fall back on. Much of operational accident scenarios are related to human mistakes. Even if systems providing assistance already exist, the dynamic generation of a sequence of manoeuvres under high constraints in an unknown environment remain a news research axis, and a key development perspective. In order to address this problematic and make the notion of danger objective, the research works presented in this thesis confront the capabilities of evolution of an aircraft in its immediate environment with possible physical constraints. For that purpose, the study has conducted to generate a module for trajectory generation in the 3D space frame, capable of partitioning and exploring the space ahead and around the aircraft. This has allowed to draw conclusions in terms of flexibility of escape manoeuvres on approach to the terrain. Besides, the elicitation of the Airbus Helicopters (former Eurocopter) experts knowledge put in emergency situations, for reconstituted accident scenarios in simulation, have permitted to derive a certain number of criteria and rules for parametrising the multicriteria method PROMETHEE II in the process for the relative decision-making of the best avoidance trajectory solution. This has given clues for the generation of new alerting rules to prevent the collisions.