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Little is known about the current state of multicultural training within sport psychology master's programs. The study explored students' perceptions of their multicultural training and program climate. Importantly, differences in perceptions were investigated based on students' demographic factors, given that students with marginalized identities tend to report less favorable perceptions of and experiences in graduate training. Participants (N = 107) consisted of students and recent graduates of master's level sport psychology programs. Participants reported moderate levels of feeling safe, valued, and comfortable within their master's program, low to moderate levels of multicultural training integration within their curriculum and supervision, and low to moderate satisfaction with their multicultural training. Asian, Asian American, bi/multiracial, Black, African American, Hispanic, and Latino/a/e students, compared to their White peers, reported less satisfaction with their multicultural training, felt less safe, comfortable, and valued within their programs, and perceived less integration of multiculturalism into curriculum and supervision. A multiple regression analysis revealed that, for all students, perceptions of multicultural training integration and reports of feeling safe, comfortable, and valued was significantly related to students' satisfaction with their multicultural training. Discussion focuses on possible explanations for these findings, training implications, and future research directions.

Community college instructors confront many challenges, teaching increasingly diverse students in their classrooms. This study's purpose was to enhance educational literature on diversity, and assist community college faculty in personal self-reflection and professional skill review to meet multicultural student body needs. In addition, the relationship between these perceptions and faculty characteristics, such as faculty status, gender, race/ethnicity, age, years of teaching experience, program area, teaching locale, instructing locality, diversity training, years of teaching, teaching division, and previous diversity instruction, were examined. The participants were 194 randomly selected, full and part-time faculty members who taught at four community colleges within the Virginia Community College System (VCCS). The most common profile of respondents included Caucasian females who were 50+ years of age, had been employed 10 or fewer years as part-time faculty in the Liberal Arts and Social Sciences program area of a community college in a suburban location, and had participated in previous diversity training. This study utilized the Survey of Community College Faculty (SCCF), a combined survey of the Multicultural Teaching Scale (MTS) and Pluralism and Diversity Attitude Assessment (PADAA) that framed the research. The MTS assessed self-reported cultural competencies categorized into five dimensions: (a) Content Integration, (b) Knowledge Construction, (c) Prejudice Reduction, (d) Equity Pedagogy, and (e) Empowering School Culture (Banks, 1993). The PADAA assessed cultural diversity attitudes on four subscales: (a) Appreciate Cultural Pluralism, (b) Value Cultural Pluralism, (c) Implement Cultural Pluralism, and (d) Uncomfortable with Cultural Diversity (Stanley, 1992). The investigation results revealed that faculty members perceived themselves as having high multicultural competence in the Equity Pedagogy dimension and moderate multicultural competence in the other four dimensions. Additionally, faculty indicated a strong appreciation and value for cultural diversity and pluralism but demonstrated an unwillingness to implement cultural pluralism ideologies into their instructional practices. Outcomes of regression analysis of selected respondent characteristics revealed previous diversity instruction and instructional program area (Business, Engineering, and Technology) were significant in predicting perceived increased multicultural competence of community college faculty in all five dimensions. Study findings indicated gender (female) and race (African American) also contributed positively in the prediction of multicultural competence. / Ph. D.

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie proefskrif oor 'n Fundamenteel-agogiese besinning oor die eise van kulturaliteit in 'n multikulturele samelewing beklemtoon kulturaliteit as een van die antropiese grondvorme en die eise dienaangaande om kulturaliteit te realiseer. Die mens is as unieke synde in sy gerelasioneerdheid tot sy medesyndes, sy geofisiese omgewing en die transendentale in-en-aan-die-wereld teenwoordig. As sodanig is hy in gerelasioneerdheid tot die horn omringende besig om 'n leefwereld te stig. Hy doen dit in die tyd en in historiese verbondenheid en in medesynsbetrokkenheid met sy medemens. Sy leefwereldstigting realiseer hy kragtens sy synsfundamentalium van kulturaliteit. Onderliggend aan sy kulturaliteitvergestaltende leefwereldstigting le 'n bepaalde normeen waardesisteem. Hierdie norme en waardes dien as riglyne vir sy Ieefwereldstigtende Dasein. Kulturaliteitvergestalting is ook nie 'n individuele aangeleentheid nie. Die mens stig sy leefwereld saam met medesyndes as gemeenskap-in-struktuur volgens gemeenskaplike norme en waardes. As gemeenskap-in-struktuur organiseer die mens homself as kollektiewe synde in samelewingsinstellings, waaronder die gesin, skool, kerk en staat. Hierdie (en ander) samelewingsinstellings speel 'n funksie-spesifieke rol as moveerder van kulturaliteitvergestalting, wat impliseer dat elke samelewingsinstelling die norme- en waardesisteem van die gemeenskap waarin hy ageer 6f handhaaf 6f bevraagteken en selfs nihileer. Kulturaliteitvergestalting as aangeleentheid wat in die tyd plaasvind, beteken die huidige, post-moderne tegnokratiese era, is die vergestaltingstyd van kulturaliteitvergestalting. 'n Verkenning van die post-moderne era toon dat kulturaliteitvergestalting blootgestel word aan die bedreiginge van die tyd, waaronder die geofiese aftakeling/vernietiging van die aarde as primere vergestaltingsbodem van kulturaliteit, asook antropies-eksistensiele bedreiginge wat die outentieke, waardige menswees as Dasein en Sosein as partikuliere, genormeerde syn erodeer. Hierdie bedreiginge van kulturaliteit figureer as omgewingskending en -vemietiging asook die dehumaniseringstendense van die tegnokratiese tirannie op veral sosio-politieke en sosio-ekonomiese terreine. Om die mens kulturaliteitvergestaltend deur genormeerde leefwereldstigting as kultuurskepping sy Dasein te laat vergestalt, kan verskeie eise as moontlikheidsvoorwaarde gestel word. Die eise geld vir die mens as individu en mens-ingemeenskap en hou verband met die erkenning van sy menswaardigheid, sy norme en waardes op grond waarvan hy sy Dasein kulturaliteitvergestaltend realiseer, asook die bewaring en sinvolle benutting van die geofisiese gegewene as bestaansvoorwaarde vir alle lewe. Slegs dan leef hy voluit. / This thesis highlights culturality as an anthropic fundamentalium and the imperatives governing it in order to realise culturality. Man as unique being is immanent in his relatedness to his fellow human beings, his geophysical environment and the transcendental being in and at the world. As such, man is engaged in creating a life-world within time and historicity and in co-existential engagement with his fellow man. Man realises his life-world in terms of the fundamentalium of being pertaining to his culturality. Underlying his creation of a life-world reflecting his culturality, is a certain system of values/norms operating as guidelines for his Dasein created by his life-world. Shaping culturality is not an individual act. Man with his fellow man as society in structure creates his life-world in terms of common norms/values, organising himself as collective being in social institutions, including the family, school, church and state, which play a function-specific role to actuate the creation of culturality, implying that each one either maintains or questions or even utterly rejects norms/values of the society within which it operates. The creation of culturality as something temporal means that the present post-modem technocratic era serves as a temporal focus for it. Scrutiny of this era shows that the creation of culturality faces threats posed by this very era, among others the geophysical despoiling/destruction of earth as the primary locus for the creation of culturality as well as anthropic-existential threats eroding authentic human dignity as Dasein and Sosein as particular normed being. These threats are manifested as environmental violation and destruction as well as the tyrannic technocratic proclivity towards dehumanization, especially socio-politically and socio-economically. For man to realise his Dasein by normed creation of a life-world as the creation of culture, various imperatives may operate as conditions of potentiality for man individually and socially, relating to his human dignity, the norms/values by which he realises his Dasein through the creation of culturality as well as the conservation and meaningful utilization of the geophysical environment as condition of the geophysical environment as erudition for life. Only then does man fully exist. / Educational Studies / D.Ed. (Filosofie van die Opvoeding)

<p> Recent studies have focused on international students&rsquo; needs and experiences in counseling training and supervision, however, there is a lack of research regarding effective approaches for supervising international students. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether international counseling supervisees' perceptions regarding the degree to which multicultural discussion occurred in their university supervision moderates the relationship among supervision related variables, including acculturation, counselor self-efficacy, supervisory working alliance, and role ambiguity in supervision. The research questions were: (a) Does the frequency of cultural discussions in university supervision, as perceived by international counseling supervisees, moderate the relationship between acculturation to the US and counseling self-efficacy among international counseling students in the US, (b) Does the frequency of cultural discussions in university supervision, as perceived by international counseling supervisees, moderate the relationship between supervisory working alliance and counseling self-efficacy among international counseling students in the US, and (c) Does the frequency of cultural discussions in university supervision, as perceived by international counseling supervisees, moderate the relationship between supervisory working alliance and counseling self-efficacy among international counseling students in the US. Three moderation analyses were utilized, using regression analysis, to answer each research question. The results from the analysis indicated no significant moderating affect of frequency of multicultural discussions among supervision related variables of interest. Interpretation of the results included possibility of a direct relationship among the variables, or other potential moderators as well as probability of false negative results (Type II Error).</p>