Fiber deployment is becoming popular and is seen as a way to increase a community’s attractiveness to new inhabitants and companies. A new Open Access network is emerging, leading to a more horizontal network architecture. Combining this architecture with IMS enables developers to easily develop new and attractive services. To facilitate the development of new IMS services there needs to be an easy to use development environment and a reliable hardware/software platform upon which to deploy them. This thesis project will explore the design, development, and evaluation of new IMS applications targeted at municipal networks as well as the service platforms they are deployed on. The thesis will also examined what role IMS plays in Municipalities and why they may need a tailored IMS solution. During the thesis a reference network for Municipalities was put together and tested. Different service platforms were tested and evaluated. / Fiberutbyggnad har blivit mycket populärt och ses som ett sätt att öka en stads attraktivitet för nya invånare och företag. Ett nytt öppen nät håller på att växa fram, detta leder till en mer horisontell nätverksarkitektur. Kombinera denna arkitektur med IMS så kan utvecklare lättare utveckla nya och attraktiva tjänster. För att underlätta utvecklingen av nya IMS-tjänster måste det finnas ett lättanvänd utvecklingsmiljö och en pålitlig hårdvaru/mjukvaru plattform att installera dem på. Detta examensarbete kommer att undersöka design, utveckling och utvärdering av nya IMSlösningar riktade till standsnät samt de tjänsteplattformar de används på. Rapporten kommer även granska vilken roll IMS spelar i stadsnät och varför de kan behöva en skräddarsydd IMS-lösning. Under examensarbetet byggdes och testades ett referensnätverk. Olika tjänsteplatformar testades och utvärderades.

The Black arrived in Rio Grande do Sul as a slave to work in the ranches and the Charqueadas. As the province was constantly in the brink of war defending the southern border, he was also called to arms in the front lines, mainly as lancer. In the second half of the 19th century, emerged, at both national and international levels, the first manifestations for the ending of the slave system. During the imperial period there were law proposals for the control and extinction of forced labour. With the proclamation of the Republic (and the slavery abolished by law) public policies were adopted for the inclusion of the black in the class-based society. The abolitionist movements that arose prior to the Golden Law became organized movements. The Republic's first years were of much political instability for Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul. For that, the State Government turned the old Civic Guard into a well armed and trained militia for protection and maintenance of the government. This institution placed on record the Afro-Brazilian presence since its origin through settlement books and existing photography in Historical Center Coronel Pillar's collection. In the settlement books of the time we observe the subscription of countless black soldiers enlisted before the beginning of the Federalist Revolution. In the album published to honor the 30 years of the Military Brigad of the Rio Grande do Sul, in 1922, with more than 400 pictures, are shown at least 30 pictures portraying the presence of black in its ranks. In the sociocultural context at that time the Military Brigad was also used as a tool for insertion of the black into the social order. By reading the "Orders of the Day" it was possible to identify black inclusion actions in the institution. This way, an iconographic analysis methodology was applied and a multimedia platform was developed to house the elaborate cataloge. Thus, the analyzed pictures will be preserved and disclosed by accessible electronic media and available to other interested people. / O negro chegou ao Rio Grande do Sul como escravo para trabalhar, principalmente nas estâncias de criação de gado e nas charqueadas. No clima de instabilidade que vivia a Província em defesa da fronteira sul este sujeito também foi levado às linhas de frente das batalhas, principalmente como lanceiro. Na segunda metade do século XIX, surgiram as primeiras manifestações em âmbito internacional e também nacional para o fim do sistema escravista. Durante o período imperial já havia propostas de leis para o controle e extinção do serviço forçado. Com a proclamação da República (e a escravidão já extinta por lei) foram adotadas políticas para a inserção do negro na sociedade. Os movimentos abolicionistas surgidos anteriormente à Lei Áurea tornaram-se movimentos organizados. Os primeiros anos da república foram de muita instabilidade política ao Brasil e ao Rio Grande do Sul, por isto o Governo Estadual transformou a antiga Guarda Cívica em uma milícia bem armada e treinada para a proteção e mantenimento do governo a Brigada Militar. Esta Instituição deixou registrada a presença do negro desde a sua origem através dos livros de assentamento e fotografias existentes no acervo do Centro Histórico Coronel Pilar. Nos livros de assentamento da época observamos a inscrição de inúmeros soldados negros alistados antes do início da Revolução Federalista. No Álbum publicado em homenagem aos 30 anos da Brigada Militar do Rio Grande do Sul, em 1922, com mais de 400 imagens, são mostradas pelo menos 30 fotografias onde estão registrados sujeitos negros em suas fileiras. No contexto sociocultural da época a Brigada Militar também foi utilizada como instrumento de inserção do negro na ordem social. Através das leituras das Ordens do Dia foi possível identificar ações de inclusão do negro na instituição. Desta forma, foi aplicada uma metodologia de análise iconográfica e desenvolvido um catálogo virtual que foi inserido em uma Plataforma Multimídia. Assim, as imagens analisadas serão preservadas e divulgadas através de mídia eletrônica acessível e disponível para as demais pessoas interessadas.

Dans les grandes entreprises industrielles, la transmission des savoirs incorporés dans les gestes professionnels s’opère traditionnellement au sein d’une articulation de stages de formation animés par d’anciens opérateurs, et de pratiques de compagnonnage réalisées directement sur site. Cette situation est amenée à évoluer car aujourd’hui, beaucoup d’entreprises industrielles sont confrontées au problème d’un départ à la retraite massif d’opérateurs. Cela nécessite, d’une part, la conservation des gestes professionnels adaptés au maintien des installations techniques vieillissantes, et d’autre part une adaptation des gestes professionnels à la mutation technologique. Dans le secteur de l’énergie, Electricité de France (EDF) est confrontée à cette problématique d’évolution du compagnonnage. Pour cette entreprise, la situation est complexifiée par la variabilité des pratiques : présence d’un parc de près d’une centaine de centrales de production électrique fortement distribuées géographiquement avec des modes de production énergétique diversifiés impliquant des pratiques culturelles différentes (nucléaire, thermique, hydraulique).Le présent travail de recherche vise deux objectifs :(1) Sur le plan théorique, nous avons cherché à comprendre, à partir de données de terrain, la nature de la transmission et de la formalisation des savoirs – aussi bien explicites qu’implicites – sous-jacents à l’exécution des gestes professionnels. Cela passe : - d’une part, par la confrontation des approches existantes dans les différentes écoles, au niveau international, à la réalité empirique ; - et d’autre part, par l’identification du fossé existant dans la littérature quant au traitement et à la modélisation des connaissances tacites et des savoirs incorporés par rapport aux nécessités pratiques de la transmission.(2) Sur le plan pratique, nous avons cherché à développer une approche de capture située des savoirs incorporés en explorant le recours aux instruments d’ethnographie numérique. Ceci vise :-d’une part, à pérenniser les connaissances liées aux gestes ;-et d’autre part, à concevoir une méthode de création de supports pédagogiques structurés, à base de vidéo. Cette phase pratique a permis de tester nos modèles sur des cas réels. L’articulation des outils techniques, théoriques et méthodologiques que nous avons appliqués a conduit à la conception de plusieurs produits.Nous avons conçu et confronté au terrain une méthode de capture et d’analyse des gestes professionnels. Cette méthode s’appuie sur un double enregistrement vidéo : caméra externe et caméra subjective embarquée sur le casque de l’opérateur réalisant le geste. Cet enregistrement est couplé à un protocole de verbalisation spécifique en situation de réalisation du geste.Nous avons également maquetté, testé en situation pédagogique, et formalisé une ressource didactique : le Multimédia Apprenant (MAP). Ce dernier se base sur une décomposition et une structuration du geste illustrée principalement par de la vidéo annotée mais aussi par des schémas fonctionnels, des images, des photos, etc. Cette décomposition du geste est issue de l’analyse réalisée en amont sur fond de théorie russe de l’activité et de qualité perçue.Ces deux produits fournissent une chaîne opérationnelle, à destination des formateurs de la branche formation d’EDF, pour la capture et la transmission du savoir tacite et explicite incorporé dans les gestes professionnels. L’insertion du MAP dans le dispositif pédagogique d’EDF, au sein des sessions de formation réelles, a été évaluée et accueillie très positivement par les formateurs et les stagiaires. Il a été décidé au mois de mai 2011 de lancer la phase d’industrialisation de la méthode et du MAP dans l’entreprise. / In large industrial companies, the transmission of the embodied in professional practices traditionally takes place as part of a series of training courses given by former operators and of journeyman practices implemented directly on site. This situation will undoubtedly change, because nowadays many companies are facing the problem of a massive departure of operators into retirement. This requires, on the one hand, the preservation of the appropriate professional gestures for the maintenance of aging technical plant, and on the other hand an adaptation of the professional gestures to technological evolution. In the energy sector, Electricité de France (EDF) is also confronted with this issue of the evolution of these journeyman practices. For the company, the situation is rendered more complex as a result of highly variable practices due to the presence of almost one hundred power generation plants with a wide geographic distribution, and with diversified generation methods involving different cultural practices (nuclear, thermal, hydraulic).The present research addresses two objectives:(1) On the theoretical level, we sought to understand, based on field data, the nature of the explicit and implicit transmission and formalization of knowledge underlying the performance of professional gestures. This takes place: - on the one hand, by means of the confrontation of the existing approaches in the different schools, at international level, with the empirical reality; - and, on the other hand, by means of the identification of the gap in the literature as concerns the treatment and modelling of tacit knowledge and embodied know-how as compared to the practical requirements of transmission.(2) On the practical level, we sought to develop an approach to situational learning of embodied know-how by exploring the recourse to digital ethnography tools. This aims:- on the one hand, to perpetuate the knowledge linked to the gestures;- and, on the other hand, to devise a method for the creation of structured, video-based educational supports. This practical phase has afforded the opportunity to test our models on real life cases. The combination of technical, theoretical and methodological tools we applied has led to the design of several products.We designed, and tested on the field, a method for the capture and analysis of professional gestures. This method is based on dual video recordings: an external camera and a subjective camera mounted on the safety helmet of the operator performing the gesture. This recording is coupled to a specific protocol of oral expression whilst performing the gesture.We also modelled, tested and formalised a teaching resource in an educational setting: the Multimedia platform for APprenticeship (MAP). It is based on a decomposition and structuring of the gesture illustrated primarily by annotated video but also by means of functional schematics images, photos, etc. This decomposition results from the analysis of the gesture carried out upstream and based on Russian Activity Theory and Perceived Quality.These two products provide an operational chain intended for the trainers of EDF’s Training Division, for the capture and transmission of the tacit and explicit knowledge involved in professional gestures. The incorporation of the MAP into EDF’s educational system, in real life training sessions, has been very positively evaluated and received by both trainers and trainees. In May 2011 it was decided to launch the industrialization phase of the method and the MAP throughout the company.