La topologie onduleur à six bras associé à une machine triphasée à phases indépendantes a la propriété de d'offrir, dans le cadre applicatif de l'automobile, une double fonctionnalité, traction et chargeur forte puissance. Cet avantage nécessite, par contre, le contrôle des composantes homopolaires classiquement nulles lors de la présence d'un couplage en étoile. Cette thèse propose alors, d'une part une étude et une modélisation des onduleurs multi-bras et, d'autre part, développe des stratégies de contrôle-commande adaptées à la présence des grandeurs homopolaires. Les algorithmes de commande classiques de l'onduleur sont comparés et une stratégie vectorielle originale, dite Z-SVM permettant d'annuler le courant homopolaire haute fréquence, est développée. Enfin, il est montré comment la gestion des composantes homopolaires aux valeurs moyennes permet d'accroître les performances de l'ensemble à faible comme à haute vitesse, en jouant sur les zones avant et après défluxage des caractéristiques couple-vitesse. Les solutions proposées sont validées sur un banc expérimental composé d'une machine prototype spécialement développée pour une application automobile et alimentée par un onduleur six-bras commandé par des composants de type FPGA. Les stratégies proposées sont comparées en termes de performances et de complexité algorithmique. / For an automotive application, a six leg-VSI connected to a three-phase open-end winding machine has the ability to offer a dual-function. In this case, an additional zero-sequence component, usually absent when a star-coupling is used, needs to be controlled. Firstly, a study, modeling and control of a multi-leg inverter are proposed. Secondly, control structures capable of handling the presence of zero-sequence components are investigated. The conventional control algorithms applied to the inverter are analyzed and an original vector control strategy, called Z-SVM, capable to cancel the high frequency zero-sequence current is developed. Finally, it is shown how the management of the zero-sequence components enhances the performance of the drive at low as well as at high-speed, corresponding on the areas of the torque-speed characteristics before and after flux weakening. The proposed solutions are validated on an experimental test bench consisting of a machine prototype especially developed for automotive application and powered by a six-leg inverter controlled by an FPGA-based device. The proposed strategies are compared in terms of performance and computational complexity.

In this paper, three different system topologies for a high performance electric vehicle drive are compared to each other. Next to the classical three phase permanent magnet synchronous machine in different connection schemes, also one topology containing a six phase machine has been included into the study. Suitable inverter topologies are discussed as well as the design of the multiphase winding of the six phase machine. For each of the topologies under investigation, identical types of power semiconductor devices available on the market have been defined as well as an identical active volume of the inverter. The three system topologies (three phase single star machine with parallel inverters, three phase machine in H-bridge / six leg connection, six phase double star machine) have been compared to each other regarding their performance as well as their active short circuit and no-load characteristics. It has been shown by means of simulation that the six phase PSM structure offers some remarkable advantages with regard to its three phase counterparts which makes it adequate for high performance electric vehicle drive applications.:I. Introduction II. Inverter Topologies II.a) Three Phase, Single Star with Parallel Inverter (m3) II.b) Three Phase, H-bridge (m3h) II.c) Six Phase, Double Star (m6) III. Design of Electrical Machine IV. Simulation Results IV.a) Peak Performance IV.b) Induced Back-e.m.f. IV.c) Stationary Short Circuit Condition V. System Comparison VI. Conclusion