[ES] Las artes mejoran nuestras vidas, realzan nuestro sentido de la estética y pueden ser un instrumento valioso para los educadores de idiomas y para los estudiantes de idiomas en el contexto del inglés como lengua extranjera. Este estudio evaluó el papel de las inteligencias múltiples y la educación artística en el desempeño de los candidatos del sistema internacional de pruebas de idioma inglés. (IELTS) en la sección de lectura del examen IELTS y sus motivaciones. El investigador diseñó las tareas de lectura artística visual para las habilidades de lectura del IELTS de acuerdo con las definiciones de Armstrong (2009) de tareas artísticas visuales para las habilidades de lectura, incluidas a) tareas artísticas visuales para el aprendizaje de vocabulario yb) tareas artísticas visuales para las habilidades de comprensión lectora del IELTS. En este estudio participaron 54 candidatos de IELTS que asistieron a un aula de lectura de IELTS en un instituto de inglés. El grupo experimental (N=27) implementó un programa de educación artística para aprender habilidades de lectura IELTS, y el método tradicional de instrucción se utilizó para el grupo de control (N=27). Primero, se administró una prueba previa de lectura IELTS a ambos grupos. Luego, se aplicó a todos los participantes la escala MIDAS de Shearer (1996) en 119 ítems. Al final del curso, todos los participantes realizaron una prueba posterior de lectura del IELTS y un cuestionario de motivación. Los resultados indicaron que el programa de integración artística resultó en un desempeño superior de los candidatos en el grupo tradicional en el examen de lectura IELTS, en comparación con el grupo de control. Además, la motivación de los candidatos al IELTS que asistieron a un programa de educación artística aumentó significativamente y tuvieron actitudes muy positivas sobre la integración del arte en las aulas de lectura del IELTS. Los resultados revelaron que las inteligencias múltiples de todos los candidatos al IELTS impactaron positivamente su desempeño en el examen de lectura IELTS, y Musical, Kinestésico Visual-espacial contribuyó más al desempeño en el examen de lectura IELTS y visual/espacial en tercer lugar, y después de eso, La inteligencia lingüística tuvo un papel importante en la mejora de las puntuaciones de lectura de los candidatos al IELTS. La inteligencia lógica/matemática tiene un impacto moderado, la interpersonal y naturalista, y la inteligencia intrapersonal tuvo un impacto menos significativo en el desempeño de los candidatos del IELTS en la sección de lectura. Además, los resultados indicaron que la inteligencia musical y la inteligencia cinestésica hicieron una contribución única y significativa al desempeño de predicción de los candidatos en el examen de lectura IELTS. Después de eso, la inteligencia visual-espacial y la lingüística desempeñaron un papel importante, respectivamente. / [CA] Les arts milloren les nostres vides, milloren el nostre sentit de l'estètica i poden ser un instrument preciós per als educadors d'idiomes i per als aprenents d'idiomes en el context d'anglès com a lengua extranjera. Aquest estudi va avaluar el paper de les intel·ligències múltiples i l'educació artística en el rendiment dels candidats a l'sistema internacional de pruebas de idioma inglés. (IELTS) a la secció de lectura de l'examen IELTS i les seves motivacions. L'investigador va dissenyar les tasques visuals de lectura artística per a les habilitats de lectura IELTS d'acord amb les definicions d'Armstrong (2009) de tasques artístiques visuals per a les habilitats lectores, incloent a) tasques artístiques visuals per a l'aprenentatge de vocabulari i b) tasques artístiques visuals per a les habilitats de comprensió lectora IELTS. En aquest estudi van participar 54 candidats a l'IELTS que van assistir a una aula de lectura IELTS en un institut d'anglès. El grup experimental (N = 27) va implementar un programa d'educació artística per aprendre habilitats de lectura IELTS, i es va utilitzar el mètode tradicional d'instrucció per al grup de control (N = 27). En primer lloc, es va administrar una prova prèvia de lectura IELTS per als dos grups. A continuació, es va administrar a tots els participants l'escala MIDAS de Shearer (1996) en 119 ítems. Al final del curs, tots els participants van fer una prova posterior de lectura IELTS i un qüestionari de motivació. Els resultats van indicar que el programa d'integració artística va donar lloc a un rendiment superior als candidats en el grup tradicional a l'examen de lectura IELTS, en comparació amb el grup control. A més, la motivació dels candidats a l'IELTS que van assistir a un programa d'educació artística va augmentar significativament, i van tenir actituds molt positives sobre la integració de l'art a les aules de lectura de l'IELTS. Els resultats van revelar que la intel·ligència múltiple de tots els candidats a l'IELTS va afectar positivament el seu rendiment a l'examen de lectura IELTS, i el musical, cinestèsic i visual-espacial va contribuir més al rendiment de l'examen de lectura IELTS i visual/espacial en tercer lloc, i després d'això, la intel·ligència lingüística va tenir un paper important en la millora de les puntuacions de lectura dels candidats a l'IELTS. La intel·ligència lògica/matemàtica té un nivell moderat, interpersonal i naturalista, i la intel·ligència intrapersonal va tenir un impacte menys significatiu en el rendiment dels candidats a l'IELTS a la secció de lectura. A més, els resultats van indicar que la intel·ligència musical i la intel·ligència cinestèsica van fer una contribució única significativa al rendiment de predicció dels candidats a l'examen de lectura IELTS. Després d'això, la intel·ligència visual-espacial i la lingüística van tenir un paper important, respectivament. / [EN] The arts improve our lives, enhance our sense of aesthetics, and can be a precious instrument for language educators and for language learners in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. This study evaluated the role of Multiple intelligences and Art-education in International English Language Testing System (IELTS) candidates' performance in the reading section of IELTS exam and their motivations. The researcher designed the visual Artistic Reading tasks for IELTS reading skills according to Armstrong's (2009) definitions of visual artistic tasks for reading skills, including a) visual artistic tasks for vocabulary learning and b) visual artistic tasks for IELTS reading comprehension skills. 54 IELTS candidates who attended an IELTS reading classroom in an English institute participated in this study. The experimental group (N=27) implemented an art-education program for learning IELTS reading skills, and the traditional method of instruction was used for the control group (N=27). First, an IELTS reading pretest was administered for both groups. Then, the MIDAS scale by Shearer (1996) in 119 items was administered to all participants. At the end of the course, all participants took an IELTS reading post-test and a motivation questionnaire. The results indicated that the art integration program resulted in candidates' outperformance in the traditional group in the IELTS reading exam, compared with the control group. Also, the motivation of IELTS candidates who attended an art education program was significantly increased, and they had very positive attitudes about integrating art in the IELTS reading classrooms. The results revealed that all the IELTS candidates' Multiple intelligences positively impacted their performance in the IELTS Reading exam, and the Musical, Kinesthetic Visual-spatial contributed the most to the IELTS reading exam performance and visual/spatial in third place, and after that, linguistic intelligence had a significant role in enhancing IELTS candidates' reading scores. Logical/mathematical intelligence has a moderate, interpersonal and naturalistic, and intrapersonal intelligence had a less significant impact on the IELTS candidates' performance in the reading section. Furthermore, the results indicated that musical intelligence and kinesthetic intelligence made a significant unique contribution to the prediction performance of candidates in the IELTS reading exam. After that, visual-spatial and linguistic intelligence played a significant role, respectively. / Heidari Panah, L. (2024). The Role of Multiple Intelligences and Art-Education in performance of IELTS candidates on Reading comprehension section of IELTS Exam and their motivations [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/202762

Primary school teachers in Zimbabwe tend to face a number of challenges that need to be overcome if they are to handle learners with diverse needs effectively. The main problem has been failure by teachers to deal with gifted learners. The objective of this qualitative study focused on answering the key research question, ‘What are the teacher education initiatives undertaken by Teachers Colleges to prepare trainee teachers in handling gifted learners in primary schools in Zimbabwe?’ The problem is mainly attributed to preparation of teachers during pre-service training. Primary school education in Zimbabwe has tended to ignore gifted learners as compared to learners who experience academic barriers. It has been observed that records kept by trainee teachers on teaching practice reflect some serious planning considerations given to remedial cases in which gifted learners are completely ignored. This suggests that the trainee teachers are not deliberately ignoring gifted learners but have an inherent assumption that they do not need extra attention. The research was grounded in the constructivist paradigm to gain a full understanding of the social life-world of the initiatives by teacher education in the preparation of trainee teachers to handle gifted learners. A phenomenological design was employed to collect data through qualitative methods, namely semi-structured interviews, observation and focus group discussion. The respondents to these data collection methods were lecturers from two teachers colleges, qualified teachers and trainee teachers from two primary schools. The main finding was that gifted education was missing in the teacher preparation to enable trainee teachers to handle gifted learners. The researcher made some recommendations from the conclusions drawn from the research findings. The recommendations included that there is need for a national policy on gifted education to provide guidelines for teacher education programmes and that teacher training colleges should review their curriculum specifically in Theory of Education and Professional Studies to include gifted education. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Primary school teachers in Zimbabwe tend to face a number of challenges that need to be overcome if they are to handle learners with diverse needs effectively. The main problem has been failure by teachers to deal with gifted learners. The objective of this qualitative study focused on answering the key research question, ‘What are the teacher education initiatives undertaken by Teachers Colleges to prepare trainee teachers in handling gifted learners in primary schools in Zimbabwe?’ The problem is mainly attributed to preparation of teachers during pre-service training. Primary school education in Zimbabwe has tended to ignore gifted learners as compared to learners who experience academic barriers. It has been observed that records kept by trainee teachers on teaching practice reflect some serious planning considerations given to remedial cases in which gifted learners are completely ignored. This suggests that the trainee teachers are not deliberately ignoring gifted learners but have an inherent assumption that they do not need extra attention. The research was grounded in the constructivist paradigm to gain a full understanding of the social life-world of the initiatives by teacher education in the preparation of trainee teachers to handle gifted learners. A phenomenological design was employed to collect data through qualitative methods, namely semi-structured interviews, observation and focus group discussion. The respondents to these data collection methods were lecturers from two teachers colleges, qualified teachers and trainee teachers from two primary schools. The main finding was that gifted education was missing in the teacher preparation to enable trainee teachers to handle gifted learners. The researcher made some recommendations from the conclusions drawn from the research findings. The recommendations included that there is need for a national policy on gifted education to provide guidelines for teacher education programmes and that teacher training colleges should review their curriculum specifically in Theory of Education and Professional Studies to include gifted education. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Research supporting the viability of music to promote language and literacy development as well as the theory of multiple intelligences suggests that any sound educational program employ a multifaceted approach to teaching and learning. This project created a thematically based multiple intelligence curriculum for first grade English language learners that emphasized the use of song.

過去二十多年來，多元智能理論在教育界受到極大的重視與推崇，該理論對於外語課程與教學亦有所啟發。本研究旨在調查國小高年級學生的多元智能與英語閱讀能力之關係，主要探討和英語閱讀能力相關的多元智能，並比較英語閱讀高低成就者與不同性別學生在多元智能與英語閱讀成績方面之差異，以供英語閱讀課程設計及教學作參考。 本研究之對象為台北縣257名國小六年級學生，以「多元智能評量表」及「英語閱讀能力測驗」為研究工具，進行量化調查研究，以描述統計、多元迴歸、獨立樣本T考驗等統計方法分析結果。 本研究之主要結果如下： 一、以國小學生之多元智能分佈而言，其人際智能、空間智能、內省智能以及 肢體運動智能較強，然其自然智能、語言智能以及音樂智能較弱。 二、以國小學生之英語閱讀能力而言，其英語對話能力差異較大，然其單字部 分差異則較小。 三、國小學生的英語閱讀能力與多元智能有顯著相關，亦即英語閱讀能力與邏 輯數理智能、音樂智能達顯著正相關，與自然觀察智能達顯著負相關。 四、英語閱讀高低成就者在多元智能分佈上有顯著差異。亦即高成就者每一項 多元智能皆顯著高於低成就者，且以邏輯數理智能、音樂智能、及語文智 能差異最大。 五、英語閱讀高低成就者在英語閱讀能力方面有顯著差異。亦即高成就者之英 語閱讀能力，在單字、句子、對話的等方面，皆顯著高於低成就者之英語 閱讀能力。 六、不同性別的學生在多元智能分佈有顯著差異。亦即女生的音樂、人際、語 文、內省等智能皆顯著高於男生。 七、不同性別的學生在英語閱讀能力上有顯著差異。亦即女生在閱讀英語單 字、句子的表現方面，皆顯著高於男生。 八、不同性別的學生主要和英語閱讀能力相關的多元智能並無差異，亦即男女 生之邏輯數理智能皆與英語閱讀能力達顯著正相關，且女生的人際智能和 英語閱讀能力達顯著負相關。 最後，研究者根據上述之研究結果，對英語教師與教材編輯者提出建言，期能藉由瞭解國小生多元智能與英語閱讀能力之相關性，增進對於英語閱讀能力的理解，進而提升英語閱讀課程設計與教學之效能。 / The Multiple Intelligences theory, having received great attention of educators over the past two decades, has made great contributions to language education by casting light on curriculum development and pedagogy. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between elementary school students’ multiple intelligences and English reading proficiency. In addition, the study compared the differences between students’ English reading proficiency and multiple intelligences in terms of proficiency level and gender. The participants were 257 sixth graders from two urban and two rural elementary schools in Taipei County. The MI Inventory and English reading proficiency test were adopted in the study. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and T-test. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. Elementary school students were stronger interpersonal, spatial-visual, intrapersonal, and bodily- kinesthetic intelligences, yet weaker in naturalist, linguistic, and musical intelligences. 2. As far as elementary school students’ English reading proficiency was concerned, the greatest gap existed in their dialogue ability, yet the smallest gap existed in their vocabulary ability. 3. Elementary school students’ multiple intelligences were significantly correlated with English reading proficiency. Their English reading proficiency was positively correlated with logical-mathematical and musical intelligences, but negatively correlated with naturalist intelligence. 4. There were significant differences in the distribution of multiple intelligences between high and low achievers in English reading proficiency. High achievers were stronger in all of the eight multiple intelligences than their counterparts, particularly in logical-mathematical, musical, and linguistic intelligences. 5. There were significant differences in English reading proficiency between high and low achievers. Compared with low achievers, high achievers performed better in the vocabulary, sentence, and dialogue sections of the English reading proficiency test. 6. There were significant differences in the distributions of multiple intelligences between different genders. Namely, girls’ musical, interpersonal, linguistic, and intrapersonal intelligences were significantly stronger than those of boys’. 7. There were significant differences in English reading proficiency between different genders. More specifically, girls performed better than boys in the vocabulary and sentence sections of the English reading proficiency test. 8. Boys and girls had the same dominant intelligence of English reading proficiency, i.e. logical-mathematical intelligence. In addition, girls’ interpersonal intelligence was negatively correlated with English reading proficiency. Based on the findings of the correlation between multiple intelligences and English reading proficiency, the researcher provided English teachers and material designers with constructive suggestions to improve the curriculum development and pedagogy for English reading.

This study explored teachers' perceptions of intelligence of 11th-grade Black male students and how students themselves perceived their own intelligence in light of Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligence. Qualitative research methods were used to gain novel understanding of the students' and teachers' feelings, and perceptions as outlined in the research questions. Two versions of ecological systems theory provided the underpinnings for the framework of this study: 1) Brönfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, and 2) Spencer's PVEST (Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory) model, which is an adaptation of the ecology model to Black students in the United States. In a large urban school district in the Southeast section of the United States, twenty-six students completed an online survey of Gardner's Multiple Intelligences. Seven Black male students were selected and interviewed along with ten of their teachers. The study found that despite the negative stereotypes toward Black males by society, the Black male students in this study interpreted intelligence to be multifaceted and perceived themselves as intelligent Black males. The teachers of the Black male students perceived them as intelligent and also interpreted intelligence to be multifaceted. The Black male students were resilient in debunking the idea that Black males were not considered intelligent in a society where negative Black male stereotypes abound.

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

University of Macau / Faculty of Education

Educators who teach international students English as a second language (ESL) or English speakers teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) in universities in non- English speaking countries in the Asia-Pacific region are often challenged to develop culturally appropriate curriculum for a diverse group of learners. Prompted by educational policy over the past two decades, the technological infrastructure in most universities throughout the world has advanced. Innovative tools for language learning have been developed for computer-assisted instruction. The purpose of the present study was to assess to what extent teachers use multimedia in EFL/ESL university classrooms in relation to the theoretical underpinnings of constructivism as well as Rogers' (1995) theory of diffusion of innovations and adopter categories. Further, the study aimed to ascertain what factors contribute to or discourage teachers' use of multimedia in tertiary level English language teaching classrooms. A mixed- method research design was used and both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. One hundred and seventy-nine English-language teachers from five universities in the Asia-Pacific region were interviewed and data were collected on their use of multimedia. Complex relationships were found among teacher-held educational and cultural values, teaching experience, formal computer professional learning, nationality, institution, region, age, gender, and collaboration with colleagues. Results showed that even with adequate access to hardware, software, technical support and computer professional learning, most teachers in the study made limited use of multimedia in the EFL/ESL classroom. As well, the results indicated that teachers in all three universities in Taiwan used multimedia in the EFL/ESL classroom less than teachers in Australia and in Thailand. Teachers who endorsed constructivist teaching methodologies tended to use multimedia more. Also, teachers with fewer than ten years teaching experience tended to use technology in teaching more. Data showed the use of integrated technology by teachers usually diminished as teachers got older. However, results showed that teachers who engaged in professional learning tended to use multimedia more regardless of age. Future directions in technology integration and recommendations for creating and sustaining a culture of technology at educational institutions are offered. Suggestions for professional development to encourage the integrated use of technology in English language teaching programs are outlined.