• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 14
  • 14
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Multiscale and Multiphysics Modeling of Pressure Driven Ischemia and Ulcer Formation in the Skin

Vivek Dharmangadan Sree (5930606) 10 June 2019 (has links)
Pressure ulcers (PU) are localized damage to skin and underlying tissue that forms in response to ischemia and subsequent hypoxia from external applied mechanical loads such as pressure. We demonstrate how a multiscale and multiphysics finite element model can capture the process of pressure ulcer formation.
2

A Multiscale Model for Coupled Heat Conduction and Deformations of Viscoelastic Composites

Khan, Kamran Ahmed 2011 May 1900 (has links)
This study introduces a multiscale model for analyzing nonlinear thermo-viscoelastic responses of particulate composites. A simplified micromechanical model consisting of four sub-cells, i.e., one particle and three matrix sub-cells is formulated to obtain the effective thermal and mechanical properties and time-dependent response of the composites. The particle and matrix constituents are made of isotropic homogeneous viscoelastic bodies undergoing small deformation gradients. Perfect bonds are assumed along the sub-cell⁰́₉s interfaces. The coupling between the thermal and mechanical response is attributed to the dissipation of energy due to the viscoelastic deformation and temperature dependent material parameters in the viscoelastic constitutive model. The micromechanical relations are formulated in terms of incremental average field quantities, i.e., stress, strain, heat flux and temperature gradient, in the sub-cells. The effective mechanical properties and coefficient of thermal expansion are derived by satisfying displacement- and traction continuities at the interfaces during the thermo-viscoelastic deformations. The effective thermal conductivity is formulated by imposing heat flux- and temperature continuities at the subcells⁰́₉ interfaces. The expression of the effective specific heat at a constant stress is also established. A time integration algorithm for simultaneously solving the equations that govern heat conduction and thermoviscoelastic deformations of isotropic materials is developed. The algorithm is then incorporated within each sub-cell of the micromechanical model together with the macroscopic energy equation to determine the effective coupled thermoviscoelastic response of the particulate composite. The numerical formulation is implemented within the ABAQUS, general purpose displacement based FE software, allowing for analyzing coupled heat conduction and deformations of composite structures. Experimental data on the effective thermal properties and time dependent responses of particulate composites available in the literature are used to verify the micromechanical model formulation. The multiscale model capability is also examined by comparing the field variables, i.e., temperature, displacement, stresses and strains, obtained from heterogeneous and homogeneous composite structures, during the transient heat conduction and deformations. Examples of coupled thermoviscoelastic analyses of particulate composites and functionally graded structures are also presented. The present micromechanical modeling approach is found to be computationally efficient and shows good agreement with experiments in predicting the effective thermo-mechanical response of particulate composites and functionally graded materials. Our analyses forecast a better design for creep resistant and less dissipative structures using particulate composites and functionally graded materials.
3

Stochastic Multiscale Modeling and Statistical Characterization of Complex Polymer Matrix Composites

January 2016 (has links)
abstract: There are many applications for polymer matrix composite materials in a variety of different industries, but designing and modeling with these materials remains a challenge due to the intricate architecture and damage modes. Multiscale modeling techniques of composite structures subjected to complex loadings are needed in order to address the scale-dependent behavior and failure. The rate dependency and nonlinearity of polymer matrix composite materials further complicates the modeling. Additionally, variability in the material constituents plays an important role in the material behavior and damage. The systematic consideration of uncertainties is as important as having the appropriate structural model, especially during model validation where the total error between physical observation and model prediction must be characterized. It is necessary to quantify the effects of uncertainties at every length scale in order to fully understand their impact on the structural response. Material variability may include variations in fiber volume fraction, fiber dimensions, fiber waviness, pure resin pockets, and void distributions. Therefore, a stochastic modeling framework with scale dependent constitutive laws and an appropriate failure theory is required to simulate the behavior and failure of polymer matrix composite structures subjected to complex loadings. Additionally, the variations in environmental conditions for aerospace applications and the effect of these conditions on the polymer matrix composite material need to be considered. The research presented in this dissertation provides the framework for stochastic multiscale modeling of composites and the characterization data needed to determine the effect of different environmental conditions on the material properties. The developed models extend sectional micromechanics techniques by incorporating 3D progressive damage theories and multiscale failure criteria. The mechanical testing of composites under various environmental conditions demonstrates the degrading effect these conditions have on the elastic and failure properties of the material. The methodologies presented in this research represent substantial progress toward understanding the failure and effect of variability for complex polymer matrix composites. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Mechanical Engineering 2016
4

Couplage stochastique-déterministe dans le cadre Arlequin et estimations d'erreurs en quantités d'intérêt / Stochastic-deterministic coupling in the Arlequin framework and errors estimations in quantities of interest

Zaccardi, Cédric 21 January 2013 (has links)
La prise en compte de l’aléa dans le calcul des structures est souvent nécessaire pour le dimensionnement de celle-ci. Des méthodes stochastiques sont alors proposées. De plus, dans de nombreux cas, des altérations ou défauts affectent localement le comportement de la structure, alors que le reste n’est que faiblement impacté. Il n’est alors pas raisonnable d’utiliser une échelle d’analyse fine sur l’ensemble de la structure. On fait alors appel aux méthodes dites multi-échelles. Dans ce contexte, nous nous intéressons à l’estimation d’une quantité d’intérêt spécifique locale lorsque la méthode Arlequin est utilisée pour coupler un modèle déterministe à un modèle stochastique. Dans un premier temps, nous donnons les éléments nécessaires à l’utilisation de la méthode dans ce cadre de couplage stochastique. Pour contrôler ensuite la qualité de l’approximation obtenue par une telle approche, une méthode d’estimation d’erreur de type Goal-Oriented est proposée. En introduisant le résidu du problème de référence et un problème adjoint, une stratégie d’estimation de l’erreur est décrite. Nous étudions aussi les contributions des différentes sources de l’erreur à l’erreur totale (erreur de modèle, erreur de discrétisation, erreur stochastique). Nous proposons une technique pour estimer ces différentes erreurs et piloter un processus d’adaptation afin de contrôler l’erreur totale commise. Finalement, la méthode décrite est utilisée pour l’étude de l’infiltration de résine médicale dans le cas du traitement de la carie. / In design process, uncertainties have to be taken into account. Stochastic methods have therefore been proposed. Furthermore, in many cases, local defects affect strongly the behavior of a structure in a localized region while the rest of the structure is only slightly affected. In these cases, it is not reasonable to model the structure entirely at a fine scale, and multiscale methods are thus appealing. In this framework, we focused on the evaluation of a local specific quantity of interest when the Arlequin method is used to couple a deterministic model with a stochastic one. First, we give ingredients needed for the use of the method in this particular context. Second, to control the quality of the approximate solution obtained with such an approach, a goal-oriented method is introduced. Using residual-types estimates and adjoint-based techniques, a strategy for goal-oriented error estimation is presented for this coupling. Contributions of various error sources (modeling, space discretization, and discretization along the random dimension) are assessed. From information on error sources, an adaptive procedure is proposed to guaranty a given error tolerance. Finally, the described method is applied to study the infiltration of resin inside collagen network in the dentine.
5

A multiscale model for anisotropic magnetoresistance / Un modèle multi-échelle de la magnétorésistance anisotrope

Bartok, Andras 03 December 2015 (has links)
La magnétorésistance anisotrope (AMR) des matériaux ferromagnétiques est largement utilisée comme le phénomène de base pour la mesure ou la détection de champ magnétique. En raison de la relation entre la configuration en domaines magnétiques et la résistivité macroscopique, l'application d'un champ magnétique externe modifie la résistivité des matériaux ferromagnétiques. Bien que cet effet soit largement utilisé dans des applications industrielles, certains aspects fondamentaux du comportement AMR sont encore assez mal compris. Par exemple, le rôle de la texture cristallographique dans le comportement effectif n'est pas décrit avec précision par les outils classiques de modélisation. En raison de ce lien direct entre la microstructure en domaines et l'effet AMR, les modèles de description de l'effet AMR reposent généralement sur des calculs micromagnétiques. Pour ces calculs, le nombre de degrés de liberté et d'interactions peuvent se multiplier rapidement si on recherche à décrire un comportement macroscopique (cas des polycristaux par exemple).La thèse porte sur la modélisation numérique de l'effet de magnétorésistance anisotrope des matériaux ferromagnétiques. Ce nouvel outil de modélisation 3D peut remédier à cet inconvénient majeur des approches micromagnétiques. Un modèle permettant de décrire les effets de couplage magnéto-élastique en utilisant une approche micro-macro est disponible au laboratoire GeePs. Sur la base des mêmes principes de la modélisation micro-macro, un outil de simulation de l'effet AMR en fonction de la contrainte mécanique et de la texture cristallographique des matériaux a été développé.La stratégie de modélisation est la suivante:Trois échelles de description du comportement sont introduites: le Volume Elémentaire Représentatif (VER) polycristallin (échelle macro), le monocristal ou grain, et enfin le domaine magnétique (échelle micro).Une première étape dite de localisation permet de déterminer le chargement magnéto-mécanique (champ magnétique et contrainte mécanique) à l'échelle d'un grain en fonction du chargement extérieur appliqué. L'introduction de variables internes et des lois d'évolution correspondantes permet de décrire de façon statistique l'évolution de la microstructure en domaines magnétiques sous l'influence de ce chargement local. Toujours à cette échelle, l'utilisation du modèle phénoménologique de Doring permet, pour chaque domaine, de calculer la résistivité en fonction de l'orientation relative entre aimantation locale et courant électrique. Une fois cette résistivité locale connue, une étape dite d'homogénéisation s'appuyant sur le modèle de Bruggeman permet de déterminer la résistivité macroscopique du VER polycristallin. Il est ainsi possible de prédire la variation de la résistivité entre un état initial désaimanté et un état sous chargement magnéto-mécanique quelconque.Les résultats obtenus par cette démarche ont été comparés avec succès à des résultats expérimentaux extraits de la littérature portant sur des polycristaux de Nickel, de Fer pur ou encore de Permalloy.Ensuite des simulations reproduisant les conditions de fonctionnement des capteurs AMR ont été effectuées. Ces simulations permettent de conclure qu'il est possible d'améliorer la sensibilité des capteurs AMR en générant une contrainte résiduelle biaxiale. / The anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of ferromagnetic materials is widely used as the basic phenomenon for measuring or detecting magnetic field. Owing to the relationship between magnetic domain configuration and macroscopic resistivity, the application of an external magnetic field changes the resistivity of ferromagnetic materials. Although this effect is widely used in industrial applications, some basic aspects of AMR behavior are still unsufficiently understood. For example, the role of crystallographic texture is not accurately described by conventional modeling tools. As a consequence of the direct relationship between microstructure and AMR, models for AMR effect are generally based on micromagnetic calculations. For these calculations, the number of degrees of freedom and interactions can grow exponentially when investigating macroscopic behavior (case of polycrystals for example).The thesis deals with the numerical modeling of AMR effect in ferromagnetic materials. This new 3D modeling tool can overcome this major drawback of micromagnetic approaches. A model to describe the effects of magneto-elastic coupling using a micro-macro approach is available at the laboratory GeePs. Based on the same principles of micro-macro modeling, an AMR effect simulation tool has been developed including the effect of mechanical stress and the role of crystallographic texture of materials.The modeling strategy is as follows:Three scales of description of the behavior are introduced: the Representative Volume Element (RVE) of polycrystals (macro scale), the single crystal or grain, and finally the magnetic domain (micro scale).A first step, named localization, determines the magneto-mechanical loading (magnetic field and mechanical stress) within a grain depending on the external applied load. The introduction of internal variables and corresponding evolution laws allow describing in a statistical way the evolution of the magnetic domain microstructure under the influence of the local load. Also at this scale, the use of the phenomenological Doring model allows for each area, to calculate the resistivity as a function of the relative orientation between local magnetization and electric current. Once this local resistivity is known, a so-called homogenization step based on the Bruggeman model is used to determine the macroscopic resistivity of the RVE. It is thus possible to predict the variation in resistivity between an initial demagnetized state and a state under any magneto-mechanical loading.The results obtained by this approach were successfully compared to experimental results from literature on polycrystalline nickel, pure iron or Permalloy.Then simulations reproducing AMR sensors operating conditions were carried out. These simulations lead to the conclusion that it is possible to improve the sensitivity of AMR sensors by introducing an appropriate biaxial residual stress.
6

Multiscale Model of Heat Dissipation Mechanisms During Field Emission from Carbon Nanotube Fibers

Zhu, Weiming 30 October 2018 (has links)
No description available.
7

Caractérisation et Modélisation du comportement micromécanique des matériaux composites SMC sous chargement thermomécanique de type quasi-statique et fatigue. / Characterization and modeling of micro-mechanical behavior of SMC composites under thermomechanical loading,quasi-static and fatigue type.

Laribi, Mohamed Amine 13 December 2018 (has links)
L’utilisation des matières composites est fortement conditionnée par la capacité du constructeur ou du sous-traitant à dimensionner les structures automobiles sous divers types de chargements complexes tel que la fatigue. Le présent travail de thèse a pour objectif de développer un outil de modélisation par transition d’échelles couplée à une approche phénoménologique afin d’apporter une réponse à un besoin de maîtrise du dimensionnement de pièce de structure en composite SMC (polyester chargé en fibres de verre) soumis à des sollicitations de type fatigue sous différents niveaux de température 23°C, 80°C et -30°C. Pour ce faire, le travail a été mené selon deux axes principaux. En premier lieu, une investigation expérimentale sous chargement monotone et fatigue. Les résultats de l’analyse expérimentale de l’endommagement du matériau a permis d’accéder aux données nécessaires à la construction d’un modèle micromécanique constituant la base des approches prédictives de la durée de vie des SMC sous chargements cycliques constituant la seconde phase de travail. Ainsi, deux approches de modélisations hybrides phénoménologiques/micromécaniques ont été proposées. Elles sont toutes les deux basées sur une modélisation micromécanique qui permet de traduire le comportement mécanique du matériau d’étude sous chargement monotone avec prise en compte de la microstructure et de l’endommagement. Ces deux approches prédictives ne nécessitent qu’un nombre limité d’essais et d’investigations expérimentales mais restent bien fiables et pertinentes dans leurs capacités de prédire la durée de vie d’un matériau composite SMC sous chargement en fatigue. L’approche est validée dans le cas de chargements thermomécaniques séquentiels à température ou amplitude variable. / The composite materials are strongly conditioned by the ability of the company to design the automotive structures under various complexes loadings such as fatigue. The aim of this thesis is to develop a multi-scale modeling coupled to a phenomenological approach in order to provide a response to the dimensioning need of structural parts subjected to cyclic loading at different temperatures of 23°C, 80°C and -30°C. By this way, the work was conducted along two main lines; firstly, an experimental investigation under monotonic and fatigue loadings. The results of this experimental study provide the necessary data for the construction of a micromechanical model which constitute the basis of the second part of this work; the predictive approaches of the fatigue lifetime for SMC composite. Thus, two hybrid, phenomenological/micromechanical, modeling approaches have been proposed. Both are based on a micromechanical modeling that allows describing the mechanical behavior of our material under monotonic loading, taking into account the microstructure and the damage phenomenon. These two predictive models require only a limited number of experimental tests and investigations but remain very reliable in their capacity to predict the lifetime of an SMC composite material under fatigue loading. The approach is validated in the case of thermomechanical sequential loadings at variable temperatures or amplitudes.
8

Contribuição ao estudo do comportamento mecânico do concreto utilizando diferentes modelagens em elementos finitos na escala mesoscópica / Contribution to the study of mechanical concrete behavior using different models in finite elements on the mesoscopic scale

Quaresma, Wanessa Mesquita Godoi 06 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-01-30T09:49:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wanessa Mesquita Godoi Quaresma - 2016.pdf: 2901974 bytes, checksum: fcac435f9dfd087f8402d916a36a5f05 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-30T10:04:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wanessa Mesquita Godoi Quaresma - 2016.pdf: 2901974 bytes, checksum: fcac435f9dfd087f8402d916a36a5f05 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T10:04:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wanessa Mesquita Godoi Quaresma - 2016.pdf: 2901974 bytes, checksum: fcac435f9dfd087f8402d916a36a5f05 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-06 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This work deals with the study of the concrete mechanical behavior using a two-dimensional numerical modeling in mesoscopic scale. The material is considered to be composed of three phases consisting of the interface zone matrix and inclusions, where each constituent is modeled properly. In the representative volume element (RVE) inclusions of as various shapes and randomly arranged are considered. The interface zone is modeled by finite elements where a model of fracture and contact recently proposed is incorporated. On the other hand, the transition zone is modeled by triangular finite elements where the Mohr-Coulomb model with lower strength characteristics compared to the mortar, is used. Inclusion is modeled as a linear elastic material and the matrix is considered as elastoplastic materials governed by the Mohr-Coulomb model. Our main goal is to show that a formulation based on computational homogenization is an alternative to complex macroscopic constitutive models for the mechanical behavior of brittle materials using a procedure based on the Finite Element Method and a multiscale theory. Examples changing the form of aggregate, their volume fraction and distribution in RVE, as well as various strategies for modeling the transition zone are shown to illustrate the performance of the proposed model. The results evidence that the proposed modeling leads to are promising results for employment in a multiscale modeling. Also, this work shows the importance of parametric identification of fracture and contact model in the microstructural analysis of concrete. / Este trabalho trata do estudo do comportamento mecânico do concreto utilizando uma proposta de modelagem numérica bidimensional em escala mesoscópica. O material é considerado como composto por três fases consistindo de zona de interface, matriz e inclusões, onde cada constituinte é modelado adequadamente. O Elemento de Volume Representativo (EVR) consiste de inclusões idealizadas como de várias formas e aleatoriamente dispostas no EVR. Uma das abordagens permite que a zona de interface seja modelada por meio de elementos finitos coesivos de contato, onde um modelo de fratura e contato recentemente proposto é incorporado ao elemento. Por outro lado, a zona de transição pode ser modelada por elementos finitos triangulares onde o modelo de Mohr- Coulomb com características de menor resistência em relação à argamassa, é utilizado. A inclusão é modelada como sendo um material elástico linear, já a matriz é considerada como material elastoplástico obedecendo ao modelo de Mohr-Coulomb. O principal objetivo é mostrar que uma formulação baseada na homogeneização computacional é uma alternativa aos modelos constitutivos macroscópicos complexos para o comportamento mecânico de matérias frágeis usando um procedimento baseado no Método dos Elementos Finitos no âmbito de uma teoria multiescala. Uma série de exemplos envolvendo a mudança de forma de agregados, sua fração volumétrica e sua distribuição no EVR, assim como diferentes estratégias de modelagem da zona de transição, é apresentada de modo a ilustrar a performance da modelagem proposta. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam que as modelagens propostas apresentam resultados promissores para o emprego numa modelagem multiescala. Também, este trabalho mostra a importância da identificação paramétrica do modelo de fratura e contato na análise microestrutural do concreto.
9

Modélisation multi-échelle et analyse expérimentale du comportement de composites à matrice thermoplastique renforcés fibres de verre sous sollicitations dynamiques modérées / Multiscale model and experimental characterization of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite under dynamic loading

Achour, Nadia 22 December 2017 (has links)
Le présent travail de thèse a pour objectif de développer un outil de modélisation par transition d’échelles sous forme de machine d’essais virtuels. Celle-ci, utilisée conjointement aux codes de calculs de structures, permet de déterminer le comportement anisotrope complexe de composites à matrice polypropylène chargés en fibres de verre courtes sous sollicitations dynamiques. La microstructure en cœur-peau induite par le procédé d’injection du matériau est investiguée expérimentalement par μCT. Le comportement dynamique est caractérisé pour des vitesses de déformation allant jusqu’à 200s-1 au moyen d’une une méthodologie expérimentale basée sur l’utilisation d’un joint d’amortissement et d’une optimisation des éprouvettes. Les mécanismes d’endommagement sont analysés expérimentalement par essai in situ. Ils mettent en évidence le phénomène d’endommagent prépondérant qui est la décohésion de l’interface fibre matrice. Basé sur ces résultats expérimentaux, l’approche multi échelles développée consiste en une méthode de Mori Tanaka incrémentale appliquée à une matrice élastoviscoplastique et des renforts enrobés intégrant l’évolution de l’endommagement à l’échelle mésoscopique. L’endommagement introduit dans les enrobages perturbe le transfert de charge entre la matrice et les renforts. De plus, la dépendance à la vitesse de déformation, aux orientations et aux taux de fibre du modèle sont corrélés par des essais. La machine d’essais virtuels est validée par modélisation de structures. L’outil prédictif ainsi développé prend en compte le minimum nécessaire à la description de la microstructure tout en étant fiable et pertinent dans la modélisation de composites sous sollicitations dynamiques modérées. / The current work focuses on the development of a micromechanical modeling tool in the form of a virtual test machine which, used with the structural calculation codes, allows to determine the complex anisotropic behavior of polypropylene matrix composites reinforced with short glass fibers under dynamic loading. The core-skin microstructure induced by the material injection process is investigated experimentally by μCT. The dynamic behavior is characterized for strain rates of up to 200s-1 using an experimental methodology based on the use of a damping joint and specimen optimization. The mechanisms of damage are analyzed experimentally by in situ SEM testing. They highlight the importance of the debonding phenomenon in the damage scenario. Based on these experimental results, the multiscale approach developed consists of an incremental Mori Tanaka method applied to an elastoviscoplastic matrix and coated reinforcements integrating the evolution of damage at the mesoscopic scale. The damage introduced into the coatings disturbs the load transfer between the matrix and the reinforcements. In addition, the strain rate, orientation, and fiber rate dependence of the model are correlated by testing. The virtual testing machine is validated by modeling structures. The developed predictive tool thus takes into account the minimum necessary to describe the microstructure while being reliable and relevant in the modeling of composites under moderate dynamic stress.
10

Simulation numérique d'un modèle multi-échelle de cinétique cellulaire formulé à partir d'équations de transport non conservatives. / Numerical study of multiscale non conservative transport equations modeling cell kinetics

Aymard, Benjamin 10 October 2014 (has links)
La thèse porte sur la calibration d'un modèle biomathématique multi-échelle expliquant le phénomène de sélection des follicules ovariens à partir du niveau cellulaire. Le modèle EDP consiste en un système hyperbolique quasi linéaire de grande taille gouvernant l'évolution des fonctions de densité cellulaire pour une cohorte de follicules (en pratique, une vingtaine).Les équations sont couplées de manière non locale par l'intermédiaire de termes de contrôle faisant intervenir les moments de la solution, intégrée à l'échelle mésoscopique et macroscopique. Trois chapitres de la thèse présentent, sous forme d'articles publiés, la méthode développée pour simuler numériquement ce modèle. Elle est conçue pour être implémentée sur une architecture parallèle. Les EDP sont discrétisées avec un schéma Volumes Finis sur un maillage adaptatif piloté par une analyse multirésolution. Le modèle présente des discontinuités de flux aux interfaces entre les différents états cellulaires, qui nécessitent la mise en ½uvre d'un couplage spécifique, compatible avec le schéma d'ordre élevé et le raffinement de maillage.Un chapitre de la thèse est dévolu à la méthode de calibration, qui consiste à traduire les connaissances biologiques en contraintes sur les paramètres et sur les sorties du modèle. Le caractère multi-échelle est là encore crucial. Les paramètres interviennent au niveau microscopique dans les équations gouvernant l'évolution des densités de cellules au sein de chaque follicule, alors que les données biologiques quantitatives sont disponibles aux niveaux mésoscopique et macroscopique. / The thesis focuses on the numerical simulation of a biomathematical, multiscale model explaining the phenomenon of selection within the population of ovarian follicles, and grounded on a cellular basis. The PDE model consists of a large dimension hyperbolic quasilinear system governing the evolution of cell density functions for a cohort of follicles (around twenty in practice).The equations are coupled in a nonlocal way by control terms involving moments of the solution, defined on either the mesoscopic or macroscopic scale.Three chapters of the thesis, presented in the form of articles, develop the method used to simulate the model numerically. The numerical code is implemented on a parallel architecture. PDEs are discretized with a Finite Volume scheme on an adaptive mesh driven by a multiresolution analysis. Flux discontinuities, at the interfaces between different cellular states, require a specific treatment to be compatible with the high order numerical scheme and mesh refinement.A chapter of the thesis is devoted to the calibration method, which translates the biological knowledge into constraints on the parameters and model outputs. The multiscale character is crucial, since parameters are used at the microscopic level in the equations governing the evolution of the density of cells within each follicle, whereas quantitative biological data are rather available at the mesoscopic and macroscopic levels.The last chapter of the thesis focuses on the analysis of computational performances of the parallel code, based on statistical methods inspired from the field of uncertainty quantification.

Page generated in 0.0759 seconds