This purpose of the study is to examine the difference in the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between individuals who suffer from physician-diagnosed arthritis compared with individuals who do not suffer from physician-diagnosed arthritis in a population of university students, faculty, and staff. The study sampled from a population of students, faculty, and staff at the University of Central Florida. Through the implantation of a cross-sectional ecological design, differences between the two groups were measured with a survey that measures health-related quality of life, such as the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The SF-36 questionnaire was distributed to subjects through a campus-wide email system and was administered through Qualtrics, an online survey program. Literature suggests lower SF-36 scores for individuals suffering from arthritis, but is lacking in investigating the effect of arthritis on college-aged students, particularly within the 18-24 age group. The study aims to close this gap in the literature. SPSS software was used to analyze results through tests of association, like ANOVA, which measured differences in the SF-36 scores of subjects with physician-diagnosed arthritis and subjects without physician-diagnosed arthritis. Results showed a significant difference in the HR-QOL scores between individuals with arthritis and individuals without arthritis, as well as age, gender, ethnicity, and the presence of joint pain.

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Mitochondria are important organelles for skeletal muscle function. Mitochondria are susceptible to many forms of stress that alters their morphology, energy generation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which collectively promote degeneration and dysfunction in skeletal muscle. These processes are implicated in many health disorders, particularly in the aging process itself. Exercise is well established to increase muscle mitochondrial content and thus may attenuate several aspects of mitochondrial deterioration. <strong>Methods:</strong> Both human and animal models of mitochondrial stress (aging, ROS) were utilized in order to determine their effects on mitochondrial and muscle function. Additionally, exercise training was used in order to assess its therapeutic potential in ameliorating defects in oxidative capacity, muscle atrophy and metabolic adaptation in skeletal muscle. <strong>Results:</strong> Aging resulted in reduced strength, aerobic capacity, larger intramyocelluar lipid droplets and fewer mitochondria in skeletal muscle. These changes were related to suppressed lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics and organelle turnover. Habitual aerobic exercise partially attenuated the age-related loss of muscle strength and aerobic capacity, presumably due in part to improved mitochondrial function. Persistent mitochondrial oxidative stress prevented mitochondrial adaptations to exercise training in mice, a phenomenon that may explain why exercise cannot fully counteract the effects of aging in skeletal muscle. <strong>Conclusions and significance:</strong> This work furthers our knowledge of the mitochondrial consequences of aging and the therapeutic potential of aerobic exercise within skeletal muscle. These results can be applied to other differentiated tissues that are severely affected by aging (brain, heart) and the effects described here are likely relevant to other conditions that result in muscle atrophy and energetic insufficiency.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease affecting the entire knee joint by inducing pathological changes to the cartilage and menisci. Currently, the etiology of OA is not completely understood. However, altered gait mechanics, specifically increased joint loading, of OA patients have a clear association with both symptomatic and structural OA progression. Non-surgical intervention tools, such as variable stiffness shoes (VSS), have been developed as a way to decrease loading within the knee joint. However, with external moments being surrogate measures for knee loading, it is unclear if changes in knee moments with the footwear are sufficient to result in a clinical benefit. Therefore, this project’s purpose was to investigate whether a VSS intervention can alter knee joint loading and menisci function in a knee OA population. We used gait analysis, musculoskeletal modeling, and finite element (FE) analysis to determine the effect of VSS on gait mechanics, knee joint contact force, and menisci stress and strain, compared to a control shoe. We found knee moments did not decrease with the VSS intervention. Furthermore, participants who did experience a decrease in knee adduction moment did not always experience a decrease in medial compartment contact force. However, results from our FE modeling of the tibiofemoral joint indicate significant changes in knee joint contact force can influence stress placed on the menisci. Results from this study suggest knee contact forces and tissue stress, not only external moments, should be considered when investigating if VSS can positively impact an OA population.

Yip Wai Yee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-138). / Abstracts in English and Chinese ; questionnaires also in Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.I / ABSTRACT --- p.III / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VIII / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.XIII / LIST OF TABLES --- p.XIV / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.XVII / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1. --- "Definition of Musculoskeletal Discomforts, Cumulative Trauma Disorders" --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2. --- Mechanism of injury --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3. --- Women prone to develop CTDs --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- Incidence of CTDUEs of women overseas --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.2. --- Incidence of CTDUEs of women in Hong Kong --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4. --- Theoretical Framework --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4.1. --- Dose Response Model --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4.2. --- Risk factors --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4.2.1. --- Physical risk factors --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.2.2. --- Psychological risk factors --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4.2.3. --- Individual factors --- p.22 / Chapter 1.5. --- Management of CTDUEs --- p.25 / Chapter 1.6. --- Significance of this project --- p.26 / Chapter 1.6.1. --- Observations in the local hospital survey --- p.26 / Chapter 1.6.2. --- Comparative data of housewives to workers in other occupations --- p.29 / Chapter 1.6.3. --- Work characteristics of housework --- p.29 / Chapter 1.6.4. --- Housewiveśةsocial status --- p.31 / Chapter 1.6.5. --- Personal cost --- p.32 / Chapter 1.6.6. --- Family cost --- p.33 / Chapter 1.6.7. --- Social cost --- p.33 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- PREVALENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL COMPLAINTS AMONG HONG KONG HOUSEWIVES --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1. --- Objective --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2. --- Methodology --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Study design --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Subjects inclusion/ Steps --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Instrumentation --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.3.1. --- Choice of the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.3.2. --- Structure of the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.3.5. --- Reliability and validity --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3. --- Data analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 2.4. --- Results --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.1. --- General results --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.2. --- Demographic characteristics --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.3. --- Patterns of general musculoskeletal symptoms --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.4. --- 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.5. --- Seven-day prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4.6. --- Functional disturbances --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4.7. --- Specific questions about distal upper extremity --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4.8. --- Localization --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.9. --- Severity level to affect ADL in the past 12months --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4.10. --- Medical consultation in the past 12 months --- p.50 / Chapter 2.4.11. --- Correlation drawn from the variables --- p.51 / Chapter 2.5. --- Discussion --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5.1. --- Interpretations of the findings --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5.1.1. --- Demographic characteristics of the sample population --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5.1.2. --- Correlation of complaints about different body regions to housework --- p.53 / Chapter 2.5.1.3. --- Significance of upper extremities in functional activities --- p.54 / Chapter 2.5.2. --- Reliability of phone survey --- p.54 / Chapter 2.5.3. --- Definition of musculoskeletal symptoms --- p.55 / Chapter 2.5.4. --- Future trend: changes in women's employment in Hong Kong --- p.55 / Chapter 2.5.5. --- Limitations --- p.57 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATING WITH CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES AMONG HONG KONG HOUSEWIVES --- p.60 / Chapter 3.1. --- Objectives --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2. --- Methodology --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Pilot study --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Study design --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Subject selection --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.3.1. --- Normal study recruitment --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.3.2. --- Patient group recruitment --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Tennis Elbow --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.5. --- Golfer's Elbow --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2.6. --- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.7. --- DeQuervain's Disease --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.8. --- Subjects Inclusion --- p.70 / Chapter 3.3.9. --- Sample size calculation --- p.71 / Chapter 3.3.10. --- Data Collection Procedures --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.11. --- Instrumentation: Exposure Assessment --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.12. --- Physical load factors --- p.76 / Chapter 3.3.12.1. --- Part la Life Schedule Analysis --- p.76 / Chapter 3.3.12.2. --- Part lb DOT-Work Demand Questionnaire --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3.12.3. --- Psychological Factors --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.12.4. --- Part 3 Individual factors --- p.80 / Chapter 3.3.12.5. --- CTDUEs delineation --- p.80 / Chapter 3.3.12.6. --- Statistical Analysis --- p.81 / Chapter 3.4. --- Results --- p.82 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Pilot test findings --- p.82 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Demographics Characteristics of Samples --- p.85 / Chapter 3.4.2.1. --- Age --- p.85 / Chapter 3.4.2.2. --- Years of being housewives and years from previous job --- p.85 / Chapter 3.4.2.3. --- Number of family members --- p.86 / Chapter 3.4.2.4. --- Body Mass Index --- p.86 / Chapter 3.4.2.5. --- Average hand grip strength --- p.86 / Chapter 3.4.2.6. --- Other family conditions --- p.88 / Chapter 3.4.3. --- Physical observations of the samples --- p.91 / Chapter 3.4.3.1. --- Physical observations of the samples in life schedule (Part la) --- p.91 / Chapter 3.4.3.2. --- Physical observations of the samples in DOT (Part lb) --- p.95 / Chapter 3.4.4. --- Psychological observations from the samples --- p.98 / Chapter 3.4.5. --- Results of Hand assessments --- p.101 / Chapter 3.4.6. --- Bivariate analyses --- p.101 / Chapter 3.4.7. --- Multiple Logistic Regression analysis --- p.106 / Chapter 3.4.8. --- Predicted power --- p.108 / Chapter 3.5. --- Discussions --- p.108 / Chapter 3.5.1. --- Study population characteristics --- p.109 / Chapter 3.5.2. --- Age effect --- p.110 / Chapter 3.5.3. --- Life pattern of the patients --- p.111 / Chapter 3.5.4. --- Model discussion (Possible relationships) --- p.111 / Chapter 3.5.4.1. --- Personal risk factors --- p.111 / Chapter 3.5.4.2. --- Physical risk factor --- p.112 / Chapter 3.5.4.3. --- Psychological risk factor --- p.114 / Chapter 3.5.5. --- Limitations --- p.116 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- OVERALL DISCUSSIONS --- p.120 / Chapter 4.1. --- Unclassified group --- p.120 / Chapter 4.2. --- Develop risk assessment instrumentation --- p.121 / Chapter 4.3. --- Model application --- p.121 / Chapter 4.4. --- Future direction --- p.122 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- Intervention programme for housewives --- p.122 / Chapter 4.5. --- Future studies --- p.124 / Chapter 4.6. --- Contributions --- p.125 / Chapter 4.6.1. --- First study solely on housewives --- p.125 / Chapter 4.6.2. --- For clinicians --- p.125 / Chapter 4.6.3. --- For government --- p.126 / Chapter 4.7. --- Final Conclusion --- p.127 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.128 / APPENDIX I PHONE SURVEY --- p.XVIII / APPENDIX II HAND ASSESSMENT FORM --- p.XXIII / APPENDIX III SAMPLE SIZE CALCULATION --- p.XXVIII / APPENDIX IV INVITATION LETTER TO COMMUNITY CENTER 226}0´ØØ… --- p.XXIX / APPENDIX V CONSENT FORM OF MAIN QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.XXX / APPENDIX VI MAIN QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.XXXII / APPENDIX VII CASE STUDY --- p.XXXIX / Chapter 1.1. --- Case study --- p.XXXIX / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Case A --- p.XXXIX / Chapter 1.1.1.1. --- Personal History: --- p.XXXIX / Chapter 1.1.1.2. --- Medical History: --- p.XXXIX / Chapter 1.1.1.3. --- Physical Assessment: --- p.XL / Chapter 1.1.1.4. --- On-Job Site Visit: --- p.XL / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Case B --- p.XL / Chapter 1.2.1.1. --- Personal History: --- p.XL / Chapter 1.2.1.2. --- Medical History: --- p.XL / Chapter 1.2.1.3. --- Physical assessment: --- p.XLI / Chapter 1.2.1.4. --- On-Job Site Visit: --- p.XLI / Chapter 1.3.1. --- CaseC --- p.XLI / Chapter 1.3.1.1. --- Personal History: --- p.XLI / Chapter 1.3.1.2. --- Medical History: --- p.XLII / Chapter 1.3.1.3. --- Physical Assessment: --- p.XLII / Chapter 1.3.1.4. --- On-Job Site Visit: --- p.XLII / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Problems Identification --- p.XLIII / Chapter 1.4.1.1. --- Case A --- p.XLIII / Chapter 1.4.1.2. --- Case B --- p.XLVI / Chapter 1.4.1.3. --- Case C --- p.XLVIII

Mitochondrial diseases encompass a broad range of devastating disorders that typically affect tissues with high-energy requirements. These disorders have been difficult to diagnose and research because of the complexity of mitochondrial genetics, and the large variability seen among patient populations. We have devised and carried out a mechanistic study to generate a cell based model for Leigh’s disease caused by mitochondrial DNA mutation 8993 T>G. Leigh’s disease is a multi-organ system disorder that depends heavily on the mutation burden seen within various tissues. Using new reprogramming and sequencing technologies, we were able to show that Leigh’s disease patient fibroblasts reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells maintain the same level of mutation burden seen in the original patient cell line. Mutation burden was maintained through several passages and spontaneous differentiation. This cell based model could be useful for future pathogenesis studies, or therapeutic drug screenings in a patient and tissue specific manner.

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No description available.

Due to advances in medicine, persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are living longer lives, changing the disease progression from a terminal disease to a chronic but manageable disease. As a result, the roles of healthcare workers, which include speech-language pathologists (SLPs), are developing to reflect the longterm rehabilitation needs of PLHA. PLHA have communication and feeding disorders due to the HIV attacking the central nervous system, which affects auditory functioning, tongue and laryngeal functions, vocal quality, and oral cavity lesions that impact swallowing abilities. Among the services needed are those offered by the SLP to assess and provide intervention for communication and feeding disorders. PLHA may experience communication-related disorders secondary to potentially life-threatening medical complications. The healthcare team approach as a model for HIV-rehabilitation is critical to collaborating on assessment and treatment goals for PLHA. Nurses, as the gatekeepers to a patient’s overall health care needs, play a key role in leading the healthcare team and advocating for patient needs. However, a dearth of information exists regarding collaboration between nurse practitioners and the SLP regarding this vulnerable population. The purpose of this project was to explore nursing students’ perceptions of both the nurse practitioners and the SLP’s role in the healthcare needs of people living with HIV/AIDS through survey research. This investigation seeks to understand the roles of nurse practitioners and SLPs in HIVrehabilitation. A descriptive research design was selected for this study. The participants were nursing students in a program at a regional state university. An online survey was developed to determine the participants’ understanding and perceptions of the role of the SLP in HIV/AIDS intervention. The survey included four concise sections, namely biographical information, roles of nurse practitioners and SLPs, communication disorders associated with HIV/AIDS, and interprofessional collaboration. The survey was comprised of 27 open and closed-ended questions. Participants were requested to participate in the survey via e-mail which allowed access to the survey through a hyperlink. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results include participants’ demographics, perceptions of the roles of both nurse practitioners and SLP’s in service provision to PLHA, communication disorders associated with HIV/AIDS, and interprofessional collaboration between the two professions. The results from the survey suggest that there is a need for interprofessional education to promote the role of the SLP in assessing and treating communication and feeding disorders in PLHA. A need was identified to better prepare both Nursing and SLP students to collaborate as future professionals in order to improve the health care options for PLHA.

Survey research was utilized to explore Medical students’ perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologists’(SLP) and Medical Practitioner’s roles in meeting the healthcare needs of people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). Results identified participants’ knowledge and perceptions. Recommendations suggest interprofessional education and training for both professions, at the pre-professional and professional levels.

This interactive session provides opportunities (1) to share ideas for infusing global perspectives and goals into CAPCSD projects, conferences, and the work of committees and task forces; (2) to discuss ways to collaborate in an ongoing global engagement projects and help include content for 2017 conference; and (3) to create how-to guides for ethical and culturally attuned translational research, and clinical education, and service learning.