This thesis explores musical form and examines the possible relationship between structures of mythology and musical form, especially with modern musical parameters in mind, all based on the ancient structures of myth. One method for working with musical form is also presented, which attempts to show how musical material can be transformed in the confines of this form template. The approach taken to study musical form and to understand and manipulate it in composition work in this thesis attempts to find patterns for musical form outside of established musical concepts. This thesis explores the structure of ancient mythology collected by the American writer Joseph Campbell and draws conclusions between that and musical form, which attempts to showcase the relations between traditional musical forms and ancient structures of myth, and also presents methods of working with these premises in contemporary music.

Este estudo se propõe a traçar uma analogia entre a Teoria da Comunicação e o conceito de forma musical Schoenbergiano (incluindo uma série de questões envolvidas nesta conceituação). Desta forma, busca-se verificar os limites deste paralelo, bem como investigar novas questões que possam surgir desta união. O texto está dividido em três partes. Na primeira delas, dedicada ao conceito de forma Schoenbergiano, nossa estratégia consistiu inicialmente em analisar o desenvolvimento dos sistemas musicais tonal e modal a partir de Bloch (2005), Rosen (1998), Andrade (1977) e principalmente Leibowitz (1972). Após algumas notas biográficas e comentários acerca da recepção das obras de Schoenberg no século XX, há um capítulo dedicado especificamente ao conceito de forma musical tal qual descrito por Schoenberg em seus escritos (cap. 5). A segunda parte se dedica à fundamentação das bases de um novo assunto: a Teoria da Comunicação, entendida como a aplicação dos conceitos relativos à Teoria da Informação no contexto da comunicação humana. Ela compreende um primeiro capítulo sobre a comunicação humana em geral (cap. 6); um capítulo especialmente dedicado ao aparato instrumental oferecido pela Teoria da Informação (cap. 7); e um capítulo dedicado a retrabalhar alguns de seus preceitos frente aos problemas trazidos quando o ser humano é considerado como o canal receptor de um sistema comunicacional (cap. 8). Esta parte se baseia essencialmente no estudo crítico dos textos de Elwin (1971), Epstein (1986, 1990), Moles (1959), Oliveira (1977, 1979) e sobretudo Chem/ (1971), entre outros autores. A última parte se refere à analogia entre as duas primeiras partes propriamente dita, em que confrontamos as reflexões anteriores entre si. Nesta parte do trabalho são referências importantes os trabalhos de Eco (2003), Pousseur (2009), Oliveira (1977, 1979, 1998) e De Bonis (2014), além do próprio Schoenberg (1975, 1987, 1990, 2001, 2004), entre outros. Salienta-se que o resgate e a recolocação de questões fundamentais abordadas pelos dois corpos teóricos no que se refere aos problemas da comunicação humana e, mais especificamente, musical, favorecem uma reflexão em torno da problemática relativa à criação, interpretação, escuta e ensino musicais (ocidental) na atualidade. / This study proposes to draw an analogy between the Theory of Communication and Schoenberg\'s concept of musical form (including a series of problems involved in this conceptualization). Therefore, we seek to verify the limits of this parallel, as well as investigate new issues that may arise from this union. The text is divided into three parts. In the first one, dedicated to Schoenberg\'s concept of musical form, our strategy consisted initially in analyzing the development of tonal and modal musical systems based on works by Bloch (2005), Rosen (1998), Andrade (1977) and specially Leibowitz (1972). After some biographical notes and comments about the reception of Schoenberg\'s works in the twentieth century, there is a chapter dedicated specifically to the concept of musical form as described by Schoenberg in his writings (chapter 5). The second part is dedicated to the foundations of a new subject: Communication Theory, understood as the application of concepts related to Information Theory in the context of human communication. It comprises a first chapter on human communication in general (chapter 6); a chapter especially dedicated to the instrumental apparatus offered by Information Theory (Chapter 7); and a chapter dedicated to reworking some of its precepts in face of the problems brought about when the human being is regarded as the receiving channel of a communication system (Chapter 8). This part is based essentially on the critical study of texts by Elwin (1971), Epstein (1986, 1990), Moles (1959), Oliveira (1977, 1979) and especially Cherry (1971), among other authors. The last part refers to the analogy between the first two parts, in which we confront the previous reflections among themselves. In this part of the work are important references the works of Eco (2003), Pousseur (2009), Oliveira (1977, 1979, 1998) and De Bonis (2014), besides Schoenberg himself (1975, 1987, 1990, 2001, 2004), among others. It should be pointed out that the revival and reconsideration of such fundamental questions that were addressed by the two theoretical bodies regarding the problems of human communication and, more specifically, musical communication, favor a reflection on problems related to the creation, interpretation, listening and teaching of western music today.

O filósofo frankfurtiano Theodor W. Adorno ocupou uma posição chave nos debates das vanguardas musicais ao longo de aproximadamente quarenta anos, entre cerca de 1924 e 1964. Seus ensaios e monografias musicais, produzidos ao longo desse período constituem a reflexão filosófica mais complexa e profunda sobre os destinos da composição musical de que se tem notícia. Uma reflexão que ao privilegiar a práxis compositiva como ponto de arranque foi amplamente absorvida e ajudou a impulsionar todo o movimento da Nova Música. A presente tese efetua uma interpretação do pensamento musical adorniano tendo como premissa fundamental esse enraizamento do filósofo nas questões relativas à práxis composicional de música radical. Seu principal objetivo é esclarecer em que termos Adorno concebera as categorias dialéticas próprias à imanência da forma musical em sua determinação recíproca com o caráter estético de aparência das obras musicais. / The Frankfurtian philosopher Theodor W. Adorno occupied a key position in the debates of the musical avant-garde over approximately forty years, between 1924 and 1964. His essays and musical monographies produced during this period are the most complex and profound philosophical reflections available on the destinies of musical composition during the twentieth-century. A reflection that privileging compositional practice as its starting point was largely absorbed and helped to drive the whole movement of New Music. This doctoral thesis makes an interpretation of Adornos musical thought starting from this fundamental premise which states the rooting of his philosophical reflection on questions regarding the compositional practice of radical music. Its main objective is to clarify how Adorno conceived along his work the immanent dialectical categories of musical form in their mutual determination with the aesthetic appearance statute of musical works.

From the mid nineteenth century onwards, musical form has primarily been defined in terms of predetermined paradigms, which ostensibly provide a framework for hierarchically ordered materials. Despite its pervasive presence in theoretical literature, however, this Formenlehre tradition is not universal in musical thought. Since antiquity, theorists have resorted to images of dynamism, change, process, energy, intensity, and narration to denote a more elastic conception of (musical) form. However, most of them – such as, for instance, Kurth, Asaf’yev, or Maus – have not recognised that it is ultimately performers – not composers – who individually shape musical materials on the basis of the structural relations that they perceive within the music and then project in performance. This dissertation explores how such apparent incompatibility between theory and practice might be bridged. To that aim, the first part discusses how ‘dynamic’ notions of musical form might realise their full explanatory potential by accounting for the reality of performance. It also reviews previous investigations of performers’ strategies to project their structural understandings of musical works, with a special focus on their handling of timing, dynamics, articulation, intonation, and timbre. Using recorded interpretations of Brahms’s Cello Sonatas as sources for three case studies, the second part evaluates dynamic ideas of musical form from an analytical viewpoint. Through their personal approaches to these works, I show how select performers create a wide range of structural connections, which are never alike across their different recordings. Likewise, these performers neither resort to the same parameters nor ‘shape’ the select movements in the same manner or with the same intensity. I ultimately posit that musical structure is inferred, created, and experienced in a unique way on every occasion a given piece is performed – and also whenever it is composed, analysed, or listened to. This research does not dismiss music theory as having no explanatory potential in the investigation of abstract notions such as musical structure as we sense them in performance. Rather, it aims to contribute to the dialogue between theory and practice by showing how, and why, music theory should reconceptualise musical form as a set of possibilities affording multiple choices and interpretations, that is to say, as a ‘multiverse’ that emerges across time and in sound.

Este estudo se propõe a traçar uma analogia entre a Teoria da Comunicação e o conceito de forma musical Schoenbergiano (incluindo uma série de questões envolvidas nesta conceituação). Desta forma, busca-se verificar os limites deste paralelo, bem como investigar novas questões que possam surgir desta união. O texto está dividido em três partes. Na primeira delas, dedicada ao conceito de forma Schoenbergiano, nossa estratégia consistiu inicialmente em analisar o desenvolvimento dos sistemas musicais tonal e modal a partir de Bloch (2005), Rosen (1998), Andrade (1977) e principalmente Leibowitz (1972). Após algumas notas biográficas e comentários acerca da recepção das obras de Schoenberg no século XX, há um capítulo dedicado especificamente ao conceito de forma musical tal qual descrito por Schoenberg em seus escritos (cap. 5). A segunda parte se dedica à fundamentação das bases de um novo assunto: a Teoria da Comunicação, entendida como a aplicação dos conceitos relativos à Teoria da Informação no contexto da comunicação humana. Ela compreende um primeiro capítulo sobre a comunicação humana em geral (cap. 6); um capítulo especialmente dedicado ao aparato instrumental oferecido pela Teoria da Informação (cap. 7); e um capítulo dedicado a retrabalhar alguns de seus preceitos frente aos problemas trazidos quando o ser humano é considerado como o canal receptor de um sistema comunicacional (cap. 8). Esta parte se baseia essencialmente no estudo crítico dos textos de Elwin (1971), Epstein (1986, 1990), Moles (1959), Oliveira (1977, 1979) e sobretudo Chem/ (1971), entre outros autores. A última parte se refere à analogia entre as duas primeiras partes propriamente dita, em que confrontamos as reflexões anteriores entre si. Nesta parte do trabalho são referências importantes os trabalhos de Eco (2003), Pousseur (2009), Oliveira (1977, 1979, 1998) e De Bonis (2014), além do próprio Schoenberg (1975, 1987, 1990, 2001, 2004), entre outros. Salienta-se que o resgate e a recolocação de questões fundamentais abordadas pelos dois corpos teóricos no que se refere aos problemas da comunicação humana e, mais especificamente, musical, favorecem uma reflexão em torno da problemática relativa à criação, interpretação, escuta e ensino musicais (ocidental) na atualidade. / This study proposes to draw an analogy between the Theory of Communication and Schoenberg\'s concept of musical form (including a series of problems involved in this conceptualization). Therefore, we seek to verify the limits of this parallel, as well as investigate new issues that may arise from this union. The text is divided into three parts. In the first one, dedicated to Schoenberg\'s concept of musical form, our strategy consisted initially in analyzing the development of tonal and modal musical systems based on works by Bloch (2005), Rosen (1998), Andrade (1977) and specially Leibowitz (1972). After some biographical notes and comments about the reception of Schoenberg\'s works in the twentieth century, there is a chapter dedicated specifically to the concept of musical form as described by Schoenberg in his writings (chapter 5). The second part is dedicated to the foundations of a new subject: Communication Theory, understood as the application of concepts related to Information Theory in the context of human communication. It comprises a first chapter on human communication in general (chapter 6); a chapter especially dedicated to the instrumental apparatus offered by Information Theory (Chapter 7); and a chapter dedicated to reworking some of its precepts in face of the problems brought about when the human being is regarded as the receiving channel of a communication system (Chapter 8). This part is based essentially on the critical study of texts by Elwin (1971), Epstein (1986, 1990), Moles (1959), Oliveira (1977, 1979) and especially Cherry (1971), among other authors. The last part refers to the analogy between the first two parts, in which we confront the previous reflections among themselves. In this part of the work are important references the works of Eco (2003), Pousseur (2009), Oliveira (1977, 1979, 1998) and De Bonis (2014), besides Schoenberg himself (1975, 1987, 1990, 2001, 2004), among others. It should be pointed out that the revival and reconsideration of such fundamental questions that were addressed by the two theoretical bodies regarding the problems of human communication and, more specifically, musical communication, favor a reflection on problems related to the creation, interpretation, listening and teaching of western music today.

This dissertation uses Béla Bartók's 1943 Concerto for Orchestra as a focal point for investigating conceptual models of music based on early twentieth-century notions of organicism. In particular, this project brings together two traditions--one structural, one narrative--in an attempt to integrate motivic allusion and programmatic discourse, and places this piece within a metadiscourse of musical 'Fate' stories that continually point back to Beethoven. Based largely on the work of George Lakoff, chapter 1 is an overview of modern category theories that rejects objectivism and establishes a philosophical view of meaning that is shaped by our conceptual models. Chapter 2 is a comparison of the writings of Schoenberg and Bartók that invoke organicist values of musical development and variation. Stemming from Bartók's claim that Schoenberg's Op. 11 showed composers the "new ways and means" of modern composition, this chapter speculates on potential influences and involves a reinvestigation of Schoenberg's Op. 11, No. 1. Chapter 3 examines the difference between strict hierarchical models of music and metonymic reductions. Following a critique of Fred Lerdahl's recent attempts to apply his Chomskian prolongational model to post-tonal and atonal music, this chapter traces the integration of motivic parallelism and key architecture in tonal music as a primary organizing feature of musical form, foreshadowing their use by Bartók as replacements for the structural functions of harmony. Chapter 4 investigates the relationship of musical motives and post-Beethovenian narratives of fate/overcoming and fate/death in music by Bizet, Verdi, Tchaikovsky, and Richard Strauss, providing a context for Bartók's motivic and programmatic allusion to--and transformation of--that very tradition. Chapter 5 draws the material from the previous chapters together in a structural-programmatic reading of the Concerto for Orchestra that situates it as a transformation of the evolving traditions that inform it. / text

Thesis (D. Mus. Arts)--University of Washington, 1995. / Score of Gdod kreasi baru : for trombone and computer-realized sound / by Ron Averill, in pocket. Compact disc contains: Painting legs on the snake / by Ron Averill. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [104]-108).

O filósofo frankfurtiano Theodor W. Adorno ocupou uma posição chave nos debates das vanguardas musicais ao longo de aproximadamente quarenta anos, entre cerca de 1924 e 1964. Seus ensaios e monografias musicais, produzidos ao longo desse período constituem a reflexão filosófica mais complexa e profunda sobre os destinos da composição musical de que se tem notícia. Uma reflexão que ao privilegiar a práxis compositiva como ponto de arranque foi amplamente absorvida e ajudou a impulsionar todo o movimento da Nova Música. A presente tese efetua uma interpretação do pensamento musical adorniano tendo como premissa fundamental esse enraizamento do filósofo nas questões relativas à práxis composicional de música radical. Seu principal objetivo é esclarecer em que termos Adorno concebera as categorias dialéticas próprias à imanência da forma musical em sua determinação recíproca com o caráter estético de aparência das obras musicais. / The Frankfurtian philosopher Theodor W. Adorno occupied a key position in the debates of the musical avant-garde over approximately forty years, between 1924 and 1964. His essays and musical monographies produced during this period are the most complex and profound philosophical reflections available on the destinies of musical composition during the twentieth-century. A reflection that privileging compositional practice as its starting point was largely absorbed and helped to drive the whole movement of New Music. This doctoral thesis makes an interpretation of Adornos musical thought starting from this fundamental premise which states the rooting of his philosophical reflection on questions regarding the compositional practice of radical music. Its main objective is to clarify how Adorno conceived along his work the immanent dialectical categories of musical form in their mutual determination with the aesthetic appearance statute of musical works.

Orientador: Mauricy Matos Martin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T01:49:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shimabuco_LucianaSayure_D.pdf: 32711734 bytes, checksum: f295ec999192b805044f68e56539e7d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A forma como resultante do processo composicional de Gyõrgy Ligeti no primeiro livro de Estudos para piano salienta aspectos que estabelecem os Estudos de Ligeti entre os expoentes do repertório pianístico contemporâneo, não apenas pela sua substância composicional, mas também pela renovadora abordagem das possibilidades oferecidas pelo piano. Para tanto, a tese está estruturada em três capítulos: CAPÍTULO 1 - O compositor: Gyõrgy Ligeti. Trata-se de um estudo que transita cronologicamente pelos diversos períodos biográficos do compositor, reconhecendo eventos que agiiram diretamente em seu desenvolvimento e em sua conformação artística. Contextualiza compositor e obra no cenário artístico e cultural dos séculos XX e XXI, estabelecendo um campo de informações embasadas em textos e entrevistas do próprio compositor e necessárias a uma compreensão mais frutífera da obra abordada neste trabalho. CAPÍTULO 2 - A obra: primeiro livro de Estudos para piano. Após uma breve abordagem histórica da produção pianística do compositor - desde o período húngaro até o surgimento dos Estudos, na década de 80 - este capítulo oferece o levantamento e a análise dos materiais e processos composicionais empregados na elaboração da obra estudada, enfocando aspectos especificamente musicais. Salienta, sobretudo, a interação desses aspectos no delineamento de uma forma individual para cada estudo. CAPÍTULO 3 - Considerações sobre realização e interpretação pianísticas dos Estudos para piano de Gyõrgy Ligeti, com foco em "Cordes à vide". Este capítulo é dedicado à apresentação de alternativas que contribuam para uma melhor performance pianística da obra, acatando Cordes à vide como objeto de estudo. Serão enfocados tanto aspectos técnicos pianísticos, levantados durante o processo de estudo e preparação da peça, quanto interpretativos, respaldados em informações oferecidas pela partitura e em conclusões extraídas da análise musical realizada / Abstract: The Form as' a Result of Gyõrgy Ligeti's Compositional Process in the First Book of Etudes for Piano emphasizes aspects of Ligeti's Etudes that establish them among the best exponents of contemporary pianistic repertoire, not only by their compositional substance, but also by their innovative approach of the possibilities offered by the piano. Thus, the thesis is organized in three chapters: CHAPTER 1 - The Composer: Gyõrgy Ligeti. This chapter deals with a chronological study of the diverse periods of the composer's biography, identifying events that direct1y influenced his personal and artistic development. It puts into context the composer and his works within the artistic and cultural scenario of the XX and XXI centuries. This work has established a record of texts and interviews of the composer which are essential in the full comprehension of the Etudes for Piano. CHAPTER 2 - The Work: First Book of Etudes for Piano. Afier a brief historical overview ofthe composer's piano works - from the Hungarian period to the Etudesofthe 80's - this chapter surveys and analyzes the compositional process employed by the composer in the Etudes, focusing on specific musical aspects and above all, how these aspects contributed to the individual form of each Etude. CHAPTER 3 - Considerations on the Performance and Pianistic Interpretation of the Etudes for Piano by Gyõrgy Ligeti, with Special Focus on "Cordes à vide". This chapter offers altematives that are intended to improve the pianstic performance of the work, using Cordes à vide as the object for study. It will not only address, the technical pianistic aspects that were observed during the process of study and preparation of the piece, but also interpretive aspects, supported by information contained in the score and on conclusions extracted from the musical analysis / Doutorado / Doutor em Música

Heinrich Koch completed his treatise in 1793, a pioneering work regarding the musical phrase as well as a sonata form description (lacking that term). Composition of Opus 18 began in 1798, a momentous project for several reasons in Beethoven's early career. Here, the theories expressed in Koch's Versuch are taken as an analytic springboard into a thorough analysis of the first movement of the quartet published no. 3, which was the first composed; additionally, nos. 1 and 6 are explored to a lesser degree. This study in phrase-analysis demonstrates significance in the fundamental ideas of Koch as applied to a masterwork of the turn of the 19th century.