Submitted by Livia Mello (liviacmello@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-30T19:41:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJWZJ.pdf: 1880903 bytes, checksum: 8a52167eb25f31dae41ef97a870d0cec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T19:52:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJWZJ.pdf: 1880903 bytes, checksum: 8a52167eb25f31dae41ef97a870d0cec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T19:52:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJWZJ.pdf: 1880903 bytes, checksum: 8a52167eb25f31dae41ef97a870d0cec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T19:53:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJWZJ.pdf: 1880903 bytes, checksum: 8a52167eb25f31dae41ef97a870d0cec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-06 / Não recebi financiamento / The environment, a diffuse and common use right, requires the adoption of swift and effective solution to the existing conflicts and also the prevention of new occurrences. In this sense the traditional judicial resources present in Brazil with the task of solving the environmental demands, due to several factors, such as bureaucratization, absence of equipment, staff and specialization, and decisions, often late, lead to shortfalls, imposing the search for new ways and new directions. In this scope, glimpsing at an alternative to judicialization of environmental issues, the State of São Paulo, by means of Decree No. 60.342/2014 and the resolutions number 51 and number 48, both from the year 2014, issued by the State Department of environment, as well as, by Ordinance No. 18/2014 of coordination of Environmental Supervision, created the State administrative procedure nominated “Atendimento Ambiental e o Programa de Conciliação Ambiental” (“Environmental Care and Environmental Conciliation Program”), to apply penalties to environmental violations provided for in Federal Decree No. 6.514/2008. This procedure aims at the conciliatory solution of conflicts through limited mutual concessions on the percentages of discounts and suspension of the penalty values applied or their conversion into environmental services, due to the unavailable nature of environmental goods, and on deadlines for actions implementation and measures for the recovery of the affected areas. In this sense, the discounts are possible before proof of weakened economic situation, low schooling, commitment to recovery of damages, first offender status and contribution to the procedure. Furthermore, in addition to its conciliatory objective, the administrative procedure is intended to promote environmental education through providing environmental instructions set out in the booklet “Conduta Ambiental Legal” ("Cool Environmental Conduct"), reduce environmental liabilities, and remedy environmental damage. Also, the procedure seeks to add speed and efficiency in investigation and penalize environmental offenders while still in administrative level. / O meio ambiente, direito difuso e de uso comum do povo, impõe a adoção de solução célere e eficaz para os conflitos existentes e a prevenção de novas ocorrências. Neste sentido os tradicionais meios judiciais presentes no Brasil com a incumbência de resolverem as demandas ambientais, devido a diversos fatores, como burocratização, ausência de equipamentos, de pessoal e de especialização e decisões muitas vezes tardias, conduzem a sua insuficiência, impondo a busca por novos caminhos e novos rumos. Nesse escopo, vislumbrando uma alternativa à judicialização das questões ambientais, o Estado de São Paulo, por meio do Decreto no 60.342/2014 e das resoluções emanadas pela Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente de no. 51 e no 48, ambas do ano de 2014, assim como, pela Portaria no 18/2014 da Coordenadoria de Fiscalização Ambiental criou o procedimento administrativo estadual nominado de Atendimento Ambiental e o Programa de Conciliação Ambiental para a aplicação das penalidades às infrações ambientais previstas no Decreto Federal no 6.514/2008. Referido procedimento objetiva a solução conciliatória dos conflitos por meio de concessões mútuas limitadas sobre os percentuais de descontos e suspensão dos valores aplicados a título de multa ou sua conversão em serviços ambientais, diante da natureza indisponível dos bens ambientais e sobre os prazos destinados à implementação de ações e medidas de recuperação das áreas afetadas. Neste sentido, os descontos se fazem possíveis em virtude da comprovação da existência de situação econômica fragilizada, baixa escolaridade, assunção do compromisso de recuperação dos danos, primariedade e contribuição com o procedimento. Ademais, além do seu objetivo conciliatório, o procedimento administrativo se destina ao fomento da educação ambiental por meio do oferecimento de instruções ambientais previstas na cartilha “Conduta Ambiental Legal”, a redução dos passivos ambientais e a reparação dos danos ambientais. Igualmente, busca imprimir agilidade e eficácia na apuração e penalização das condutas infratoras ambientais em sede administrativa.

This thesis offers to study “la transaction administrative” (agreement between two public agencies and a public agency and private individual in order to resolve conflict) in consideration of its legal environment: a transactional method of resolution administrative dispute can it validly grows into French law? It appears that the administrative transaction has developed where it is designated to do so. Promote this mode of dispute resolution assumed to clarify the definition and the legal regime. Here, like the transaction of private law, the administrative transaction is characterized by three elements: the existence of a dispute- under the administrative judge - an agreement and mutual concessions. Their apprehension is, however, subject to some adjustments to take account of the issues of administrative law that necessarily raise administrative disputes. This is a transaction largely inspired by the transaction of private law and slightly derogatory to common law that the Conseil d’Etat has shaped. The administrative transaction has been actually developed. However, a bigger development does not seem possible, at least in the short term, as the obstacles are significant. These are numerous, of heterogeneous nature and in some cases, hardly remediable. Neither the French legal system, nor the characteristics of the transaction allow a massive development of this dispute resolution. It is therefore likely that the administrative transaction remains in France, a secondary means of dispute resolution. But secondary does not necessarily mean minor, and if further progress is possible, the result of the administrative transaction is, essentially, very honourable. / La présente thèse se propose d’étudier la transaction administrative à l’aune de son environnement juridique : un mode transactionnel de règlement des litiges administratifs peut-il valablement se développer en droit français ? Il apparaît alors que la transaction administrative s’est développée là où elle est désignée pour ce faire. Promouvoir ce mode de règlement des litiges supposait d’en clarifier la définition et le régime juridique. En l’occurrence, comme la transaction de droit privé, la transaction administrative est caractérisée par trois éléments : l’existence d’un litige ─ relevant du juge administratif ─, un accord de volontés et des concessions réciproques. Leur appréhension fait, en revanche, l’objet de quelques adaptations de façon à tenir compte des problématiques du droit administratif que soulèvent nécessairement les litiges administratifs. C’est donc une transaction largement inspirée de la transaction de droit privé et faiblement dérogatoire au droit commun que le Conseil d’Etat a façonnée. Depuis, la transaction administrative s’est effectivement développée. Toutefois, un plus grand développement encore ne semble pas envisageable, du moins à court terme, tant les entraves sont importantes. Celles-ci sont nombreuses, de nature hétéroclite et pour certaines, difficilement remédiables. Ni le système juridique français, ni les caractéristiques propres de la transaction ne se prêtent à un développement massif de ce mode de règlement des litiges. Il est donc probable que la transaction administrative demeure, en droit français, un mode secondaire de règlement des litiges. Mais secondaire ne signifie pas nécessairement mineur, et si des progrès sont encore envisageables, le bilan de la transaction administrative est, pour l’essentiel, très honorable.