Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-07T15:00:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 karineaparecidagoisguimaraes.pdf: 950864 bytes, checksum: e64714d5b04cbc8ac2a97630787e7f6f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-11T15:47:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 karineaparecidagoisguimaraes.pdf: 950864 bytes, checksum: e64714d5b04cbc8ac2a97630787e7f6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T15:47:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 karineaparecidagoisguimaraes.pdf: 950864 bytes, checksum: e64714d5b04cbc8ac2a97630787e7f6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da suplementação alimentar com ômega 3, ácido graxo com potencial antiinflamatório, na remissão de quadros de inflamação neurogênica denominado de mialgia crônica centralmente mediada. A amostra foi composta por pacientes do Serviço de Diagnóstico e Orientação a Pacientes com Desordem Temporomandibular da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG. Foram selecionadas 24 pacientes com idade entre 19 e 42 anos, com quadro de mialgia crônica centralmente mediada, divididas em Grupo Experimental (n = 12) e Controle (n = 12). As pacientes foram avaliadas quanto à dor espontânea e provocada, respectivamente, por meio de escala visual analógica e palpação dos músculos temporal e masseter; também foram avaliadas por meio de algômetro de pressão para verificação da sensibilidade muscular. Os dados foram registrados em T0 (início), T7 (sete dias), T14 (14 dias), T21 (21 dias) e T28 (28 dias) da aplicação da metodologia. Foram fornecidas às pacientes do Grupo Experimental, concomitantemente ao uso de férula neuromiorrelaxante, cápsulas de 1 g de óleo de peixe, três vezes ao dia. O Grupo Controle fez apenas uso da férula neuromiorelaxante. Para monitorar a relação de ômega 6/ômega 3, foram realizadas, no Grupo Experimental, coletas de sangue antes da terapêutica e após 28 dias do uso da suplementação. A análise dos ácidos graxos foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa. Os resultados demonstraram melhora da dor em ambos os grupos, havendo diferença estatisticamente significante entre os mesmos somente na avaliação por Algometria de Pressão. A ingestão do ômega 3 foi efetiva para se obter uma melhor proporção de ômega 6/ômega 3 e na redução de citocinas pró-inflamatórias. / This study aimed to evaluate the influence of omega 3 supplementation, fatty acid with potential anti-inflammatory, in reference to tables of neurogenic inflammation called centrally mediated chronic myalgia. The sample comprised patients of Serviço de Diagnóstico e Orientação a Pacientes com Desordem Temporomandibular, of Faculdade de Odontologia of Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG. Were selected 24 patients, aged between 19 and 42 years, with centrally mediated chronic myalgia, divided in experimental group (n = 12) and control (n = 12). The patients were evaluated for spontaneous and provoked pain, respectively, by visual analogue scale and palpation of masseter and temporal muscles, also through pressure algometer for evaluation muscle sensitivity. The data were recorded at T0 (top), T7 (seven days), T14 (14 days), T21 (21 days) and T28 (28 days) application of the methods. The patients of the experimental group, concomitant use acrilic resin occlusal splint and capsules of 1g of fish oil, three times a day. The control group only made use of acrilic resin occlusal splint. To monitor the ratio of omega 6/ omega 3, were performed in the experimental group, blood samples before and after therapy proposed. Analysis of fatty acid was performed using gas chromatography. The results showed an improvement in the pain in both group, with statistically significant difference between them only by the evaluation of Pressure Algometry. The intake of omega 3 was effective to obtain a better ratio of omega 6/ omega 3 and in the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Purpose: The trapezius muscle is thought to be the muscle most commonly associated with the presence of active myofascial trigger points (MFTP’s). Studies of the trapezius muscle clearly show that muscular activity significantly increases in response to psychological stress. Cervical spine manipulation has been proven to be highly effective in the treatment of active MFTP’s and muscular tension. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) therapy is frequently utilized as a relaxation technique in subjects complaining of increased levels of muscular tension, possibly due to an increased perception of psychological stress. Although cervical spine manipulation alone is effective in the treatment of active MFTP’s and muscular tension, chiropractors often search for adjunctive therapies to improve current treatment protocols. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the combination of cervical spine manipulation and PMR therapy is a more efficient, and possibly effective, treatment protocol for active MFTP’s of the trapezius muscle. Method: This study was a comparative study and consisted of two groups of fifteen participants each. All participants were between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five years of age, with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine. Group B was the combination group and therefore received chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy of the cervical spine together with the application of PMR therapy. Subjective measurements consisted of a Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Questionnaire, Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) and the Vernon-Mior Neck Pain and Disability Index Questionnaire. Objective measurements consisted of pressure pain threshold algometry readings taken from active trigger points one (TP1) and/or trigger point two (TP2) on the right and/or left side of the upper trapezius muscle.

Background Arboviral diseases are one of the most common causes of acute febrile illness (AFI) and a significant health problem in South America. In Peru, laboratory etiologic identification of these infections occurs in less than 50% of cases, leading to underdiagnoses of important emerging arboviruses. Aim To assess the prevalence of the Dengue (DENV), Oropouche (OROV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), Mayaro (MAYV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in patients with acute febrile illness from Puerto Maldonado (Peru). Methodology Serum samples were obtained from patients with AFI during January 2016 to March 2016. A total of 139 specimens were analyzed for the presence of DENV, OROV, CHIKV, MAYV, and ZIKV using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results CHIKV in 9.4% and OROV in 8.6% were the most prevalent arboviruses, followed by DENV and ZIKV, with a prevalence of 6.5% and 5%, respectively. Among all patients, the most common symptoms accompanying fever were headaches 79.9%, muscle pain 65.5% and joint pain 63.3%. Conclusions During this short 3-month period, 4 arboviruses were detected by PCR, CHIKV and OROV being the most common arboviruses in Puerto Maldonado (Peru). Thus, it is crucial to include OROV detection in the national health surveillance. Furthermore, the etiologic clinical diagnosis of arboviral infections is not possible due to the low specificity of symptoms; therefore an increase of cases confirmed by molecular diagnostic methods will enhance arboviral surveillance in Peru.

Background: In the United States, 30-60% of older adults fall each year; 10-20% of these falls result in injury, hospitalization, or even death. Better prevention of falls in this population may be facilitated by broader identification of risk factors. The use of statins has emerged as a potential risk factor, but the data provide conflicted results. Purpose: To examine the relationship between statin use and falls among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: We evaluated the patient registry of a Level 1 trauma center. All patients aged > 50 years who were admitted for falls in 2015 were included (n=615). Many of these patients had been previously admitted for falls and many were later readmitted for falls. We analyzed predictors of both prior admission and readmission with linear regressions. Independent variables were self-reported balance problems, diagnosis of dementia, and the use of statins. Results: On average, patients admitted for falls were 79.9 + 9.3 years old and 28% (n=173) were taking statins. Our collection of predictors explained 14.2% of the variance in the number of prior admissions (p<0.001). In this model, the use of statins significantly predicted the number of previous fall-related admissions (95% CI: 0.07–0.50, p=0.010). This same model maintained its significance when predicting admissions for future falls (p<0.001) and the use of statins continued to predict a greater number of readmissions (95% CI: 0.04–0.36, p=0.015). Conclusion: More than 25% of all Americans age > 40 years are taking cholesterol-lowering medication; 93% of those medications are statins. Although evidence is conflicted, these data support the finding that statin therapy increases the risk of falls in older adults. Incorporating exercise training as a prophylactic measure: enhancing lipid profiles and decreasing the need for statins while also improving balance, coordination, and mobility, may reduce fall-related injuries.

No description available.

Prolonged computer work is associated with high rates of neck and shoulder pain symptoms, and as computers have become increasingly more common, it is becoming critical that we develop sustainable interventions targeting this issue. Static muscle contractions for prolonged periods often occur in the neck/shoulder during computer work and may underlie muscle pain development in spite of rather low relative muscle load levels. Causal mechanisms may include a stereotypical recruitment of low threshold motor units (activating type I muscle fibers), characterized by a lack of temporal as well as spatial variation in motor unit recruitment. Based on this theory, although studies have postulated that individuals with chronic neck-shoulder pain will show less variation in muscle activity compared to healthy individuals when engaged in repetitive/monotonous work, this has seldom been verified in empirical studies of actual computer work. Studies have rarely addressed temporal patterns in muscle activation, even though there is a consensus that temporal activation patterns are important for understanding fatigue and maybe even risks of subsequent musculoskeletal disorders. This study applied exposure variation analysis (EVA) to study differences in temporal patterns of trapezius muscle activity as individuals with and without pain performed computer work. The aims of this study were to: Assess the reliability of EVA to measure variation in trapezius muscle activity in healthy individuals during the performance of computer work; Determine the extent to which healthy subjects differ from those with chronic pain in trapezius muscle activity patterns during computer work, measured using EVA. Thirteen touch-typing, right-handed participants were recruited in this study (8 healthy; 5 chronic pain). The participants were asked to complete three 10-minute computer tasks (TYPE, CLICK and FORM) in two pacing conditions (self-paced, control-paced), with the healthy group completing two sessions and the pain group completing one. Activation of the upper trapezius muscle was measured using surface electromyography (EMG). EMG data were organized into 5x5 EVA matrices with five amplitude classes (0-6.67, 6.67-20, 20-46.67, 46.67-100, >100% Reference Voluntary Exertion) and five duration classes (0- 1, 1-3, 3-7, 7-15, >15 seconds). EVA marginal distributions (along both amplitude and duration classes) for each EVA class, as well as summary measures (mean and SD) of the marginal sums along each axis were computed. Finally, “resultant” mean and SD across all EVA cells were computed. The reliability in EVA indices was estimated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of measurement (SEM), computed from repeated measurements of healthy individuals (aim 1), and EVA indices were compared between groups (aim 2). Reliability of EVA amplitude marginal sums ranged from moderate to high in the self-paced condition and low to moderate in the control-paced condition. The duration marginal sums were moderate in the self-paced condition and moderate to high in the control-paced condition. The summary measures (means and SDs) were moderate to high in both the self-paced and control-paced condition. Group comparisons revealed that individuals with chronic pain spent longer durations of work time in higher EVA duration categories, exhibited larger means along the amplitude, duration and in the resultant, and higher EVA SD in the amplitude and duration axes as compared to the healthy group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the reliability of EVA applied specifically to computer work. Furthermore, EVA was used to assess differences in muscle activation patterns as individuals with and without chronic pain engaged in computer work. Individuals in the pain group seemed to exhibit prolonged sustained activation of the trapezius muscle to a significantly greater extent than controls, even though they did not experience pain during the performance of the computer tasks (as obtained through self-reports). Thus, these altered muscle recruitment patterns observed in the pain subjects, even in the absence of task-based pain/discomfort, are suggestive of chronic motor control changes occurring in adaptation to pain, and may have implications for the etiology of neck and upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. / Master of Science / This study aims to assess the reliability of exposure variation analysis (EVA) to measure variation in trapezius muscle activity in healthy individuals during the performance of computer work, and to determine the extent to which healthy subjects differ from those with chronic pain in trapezius muscle activity patterns during computer work, measured using EVA. Muscle activation was recorded for eight healthy individual and five suffering from chronic neck-shoulder pain. The data were then categorized into amplitude and continuous time categories, and summary measures of resulting distributions were calculated. These measures were used to assess the reliability of participant responses to computer work of healthy individuals, as well as quantify differences between those with and without chronic pain. We found that individuals with pain activated their neck-shoulder muscles for longer continuous durations than healthy individuals, thus showing an inability to relax their muscles when performing work.

<p>Succinylcolin är ett icke-depolariserande muskelrelaxantia som används inom anestesisjukvård. En vanlig biverkning är postoperativ myalgi. Varför smärtan uppstår är inte helt klarlagd. Under många år har forskare runt om i världen försökt komma till rätta med problemet utan att helt lyckas.Olika läkemedel och strategier har prövats. En av de viktigaste uppgifter en sjuksköterska har är att förebygga och lindra lidande. Som anestesisjuksköterska finns det möjlighet att påverka den vård som ordineras. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka metoder som kan förebygga postoperativ myalgi orsakad av succinylcolin. En litteraturstudie baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar genomfördes. Resultatet visade att parecoxib preoperativt samt premedicinering med diklofenakplåster gav det bästa resultatet när det gäller reducerande av myalgi. Med hjälp av dessa så vanliga läkemedel kan onödigt lidande förebyggas och samhällsekonomiska resurser sparas.</p><p> </p>

Succinylcolin är ett icke-depolariserande muskelrelaxantia som används inom anestesisjukvård. En vanlig biverkning är postoperativ myalgi. Varför smärtan uppstår är inte helt klarlagd. Under många år har forskare runt om i världen försökt komma till rätta med problemet utan att helt lyckas.Olika läkemedel och strategier har prövats. En av de viktigaste uppgifter en sjuksköterska har är att förebygga och lindra lidande. Som anestesisjuksköterska finns det möjlighet att påverka den vård som ordineras. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka metoder som kan förebygga postoperativ myalgi orsakad av succinylcolin. En litteraturstudie baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar genomfördes. Resultatet visade att parecoxib preoperativt samt premedicinering med diklofenakplåster gav det bästa resultatet när det gäller reducerande av myalgi. Med hjälp av dessa så vanliga läkemedel kan onödigt lidande förebyggas och samhällsekonomiska resurser sparas.

In this project, the effects of dietary polyphenols on exercise-induced muscle damage and vascular health are examined. Dietary polyphenols exert well-known anti-inflammatory effects; however, how these effects are realized with respect to vascular health and EIMD is relatively unknown. I begin by reviewing the available literature surrounding the impact of three dietary polyphenols (curcumin, catechins, and quercetin) on inflammation associated with EIMD. It is well established that their primary means of anti-inflammation is through alterations of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription activities. Given this, their inclusion into training strategies seems reasonable. Consistent evidence is presented making a case for the anti-inflammatory effects of dietary polyphenols following EIMD. I follow this review up by completing an in-depth study on the consumption of curcumin prior to EIMD. I found curcumin (1000 mg/day) can reduce subjective soreness and decrease inflammation compared to placebo controls. To further understand the effects of dietary polyphenols on health, I investigate the effects of a four-week supplementation period of cocoa (catechins) on vascular. I concluded that atherogenic risk in obese women is reduced after consumption of cocoa. In addition to these experimental projects, I developed two novel methods that can be used to investigate vascular health (EMP concentration) and intracellular protein and mRNA production using flow cytometry.

Introdução: As estatinas são drogas amplamente utilizadas na prevenção primária e secundária de doenças cardiovasculares, por reduzirem o nível de colesterol. Porém alguns pacientes podem apresentar elevação da creatinofosfoquinase (CPK) e sintomas musculares relacionados ao seu uso. Além da CPK, outros marcadores de dano muscular podem apresentar alterações. Este estudo analisou a concentração dos marcadores bioquímicos, CKMB e anidrase carbônica III (CAIII) e sua relação com a presença de miosite. Métodos: Foram selecionados pacientes em tratamento com estatinas e com elevação da CPK. Foram realizadas as determinações de CKMB e CAIII e analisadas as variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais destes pacientes. Resultados: Cerca de 10% dos pacientes em tratamento com estatina apresentaram elevações de CPK acima 1x o limite superior de normalidade (LSN). Desses, 50,4% apresentaram sintomas musculares, definido como miosite. O uso de sinvastatina [OR=2,24 (IC95%:1,47-3,42)], o índice de massa corpórea > 28 Kg/m2 [OR=1,06 (IC95%: 1,01-1,10)] e a CKMB > 1xLSN [OR=1,59 (IC95%: 1,02-2,49)] apresentaram-se como preditores independentes para a ocorrência de miosite. A CKMB aumentada foi observada em 36,2% dos pacientes (7,17±4,4 ng/mL). Os pacientes com e sem miosite apresentaram valores semelhantes de CAIII (211,3±93,4pg/mL vs 204,0±84,6pg/mL; p=0,549). Pacientes diabéticos apresentaram elevações significantes de CKMB em relação aos não diabéticos (4,8±4,6ng/mL vs 3,5±2,4ng/mL; p=0,0006) e não apresentaram diferenças quanto à presença de miosite. Conclusão: A CKMB apresentou alteração em parte dos pacientes tratados com estatinas e foi um preditor independente para a presença de miosite. A CAIII não foi considerada um bom marcador de dano muscular na população deste estudo / Introduction: Statins are drugs widely used in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, due to the decreasing effect on cholesterol level. However, some patients may present elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and muscle symptoms related to statin use. In addition to CK, other markers of muscle damage may present changes. This study analyzed the concentration of biochemical markers, CKMB and carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) and related them to the presence of myositis. Methods: Patients on statin therapy and CK elevation were selected. CKMB and (CAIII) assays were performed and the clinical and laboratory variables of these patients were analyzed. Results: About 10% of the patients receiving statin therapy (6692) presented CK elevations above 1x upper reference limit (URL). Muscular symptoms, defined as myositis, were presented in 50.4% of these patients. Use of simvastatin [OR=2,24 (IC95%:1,47-3,42)], a body mass index > 28 kg / m2 [OR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01-1, 10)] and a concentration of CKMB > 1x URL [OR = 1.59 (95% CI: 1.02-2.49)] presented as independent predictors for the occurrence of myositis. Increased CKMB was observed in 36.2% of patients (7.17 ± 4.4 ng / mL). Patients with and without myositis had similar CAIII values (211.3 ± 93.4pg / mL vs 204.0 ± 84.6pg / mL, p = 0.549). Diabetic patients showed significant elevations of CKMB compared to non-diabetic patients (4.8 ± 4.6 ng / mL vs. 3.5 ± 2.4 ng / mL, p = 0.0006) and did not present differences regarding the presence of myositis. Conclusion: CKMB level changed in part of the patients treated with statins and this enzyme was an independent predictor for the presence of myositis. CAIII was not considered a good marker of muscle damage in the studied population