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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
121

Comparison of arsenic trioxide and ZIO-101 (Darinaparsin, S-dimethylarsino-glutathione) activity in various hematologic malignant cell lines

Marcoux, Sophie. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Faculty of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/05/14). Includes bibliographical references.
122

Understanding the mechanism of action of UV3, an anti-CD54 monoclonal antibody, in the therapy of multiple myeloma

Coleman, Elaine J. January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Vita. Bibliography: 155-170.
123

Análise da efetividade do Centro de Referência Estadual do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre para tratamento do mieloma múltiplo

Saccilotto, Indara Carmanim January 2014 (has links)
Introdução: Os Centros de Referência (CR) são serviços especializados, parte de um projeto inovador de parceria entre a academia e os gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O principal objetivo de um CR é promover a assistência através de acompanhamento multidisciplinar, facilitando o acesso ao medicamento fornecido pelas Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde (SES). Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade da assistência de pacientes com Mieloma Múltiplo (MM) em um CR no âmbito do SUS (Centro de Referência para Mieloma Múltiplo do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre [CRMM-HCPA]); comparar a qualidade de vida entre portadores de MM atendidos no CRMM-HCPA e em outros serviços de saúde que não são CR. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo de 6 meses, com participantes que recebiam a Talidomida pela SES-RS, e eram tratados pelo CRMM-HCPA, em comparação com os que recebiam tratamento em outras instituições, fora de um CR. Foram incluídos 32 participantes da pesquisa, sendo 19 do CRMM-HCPA e 13 participantes de outras instituições. Para análise da efetividade do CRMM-HCPA foi considerado como desfecho principal o tempo, a partir do diagnóstico, em que os participantes da pesquisa levaram para realização do Transplante Autólogo de Células Tronco Hematopoiéticas (TACTH), por ser considerado este a terapia “padrão ouro” para o MM. Para análise deste tempo, foram aplicados questionários específicos do estudo e para análise da qualidade de vida foi aplicado o questionário SF-36. Resultados: Na análise de qualidade de vida encontramos diferença significativa em relação ao item aspecto social (do SF-36), relacionado à realização de atividades sociais (P = 0,02). O tempo (em meses) a partir do diagnóstico até o transplante de medula óssea, em cada grupo, foi medido apenas em participantes da pesquisa com idade \65 anos (n=25), dos quais, nesta análise, 15 eram do HCPA e 10 das outras instituições. Encontramos diferença significativa (P=0,036) em relação ao tempo em que os participantes da pesquisa foram encaminhados para realizarem o transplante autólogo, demonstrando que os do CRMM (HCPA) são encaminhados para o transplante em tempo significativamente inferior (mediana: 9 meses; IIQ: 8,5 a 14,5) do que são atendidos nas demais instituições (mediana: 24 meses; IIQ: 16 a 24). Conclusões: Os participantes do CRMM demonstraram mais facilidade em executar atividades sociais, com menos interferências relacionadas a problemas físicos ou emocionais. O CRMM demonstrou ser uma estratégia de tratamento mais efetiva do que outros serviços de saúde do SUS, que não são CR, uma vez que permitiu uma redução do tempo para a realização do transplante. / Introduction:Within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), Referral Centers (RCs) are care facilities that provide specialized services as part of an innovative partnership project between universities and SUS managers. The main goal of RCs is to promote care through a multidisciplinary approach, facilitating access to medicines supplied by state health departments (SHDs).Objectives:To evaluate the effectiveness of care provided to patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in a RC within SUS (Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Referral Center for Multiple Myeloma, CRMM-HCPA) and to compare quality of life between patients with MM treated at CRMM-HCPA and other non-RC health care facilities. Methods: A 6-month prospective cohort study was conducted in patients receiving thalidomide from the Rio Grande do Sul SHD (SHD-RS) and treated at CRMM-HCPA, as compared to patients receiving treatment at other non-RC health care facilities. Thirty-two patients were included in the study, 19 from CRMM-HCPA and 13 from other institutions. To analyze the effectiveness of CRMM-HCPA, the main outcome measure was the time from diagnosis to referral for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), as this is considered the gold-standard treatment for MM. Time from diagnosis to referral for autologous HSCT was assessed using questionnaires specifically designed for this study, and quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: On quality of life analysis, there was a significant difference in the “social functioning” domain of the SF-36 questionnaire, which relates to performance of social activities (P=0.02). The time (in months) from diagnosis to referral for autologous HSCT, in each group, was measured only in patients aged \65 years (n=25); of these, 15 were from CRMM-HCPA and 10 from other institutions. In this analysis, there was a significant difference (P=0.036) in time between diagnosis and referral for autologous HSCT, which was significantly shorter for patients treated at CRMM-HCPA (median, 9 months; IQR, 8.5–14.5) than for those treated elsewhere (median, 24 months; IQR, 16–24).Conclusions:Patients treated at CRMM-HCPA demonstrated greater ease in performing social activities, with less interference from physical or emotional problems. CRMM-HCPA offers a more effective treatment strategy as compared with other non-RC health care facilities, as it enabled a reduction in time to transplantation.
124

O valor prognóstico das características fractais da cromatina nuclear no mieloma múltiplo / Prognostic value of characteristics fractals of nuclear chromatin in multiple myeloma

Ferro, Daniela Peixoto, 1981- 07 January 2010 (has links)
Orientadores: Konradin Metze, Irene Gyongyver Heidemarie Lorand-Metze / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T09:21:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferro_DanielaPeixoto_M.pdf: 1415087 bytes, checksum: 6c36767b70dc498a2f9f0496b243498a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Características da textura nuclear, realizadas por análise de imagem computadorizada, tem proporcionado informação prognóstica importante em várias neoplasias. Recentemente, a dimensão fractal (DF) da cromatina tem se mostrado um fator independente de prognóstico na leucemia linfóide aguda, no melanona maligno, em carcinomas epidermóides orais e linfomas.Neste estudo nós investigamos a influência da DF da cromatina na sobrevida de pacientes com mieloma múltiplo. Foram estudados 67 pacientes da nossa instituição tratados de acordo com o Grupo de Estudo Brasileiro de mieloma múltiplo. O diagnóstico foi feito pelos critérios do "International Myeloma Working Group". Foi realizado citogenética, eletroforese de proteínas, urina I, com a pesquisa de proteína monoclonal, avaliação da função renal e cálcio sérico. Para o estadiamento, utilizamos o índice prognóstico internacional (ISS). Para cada paciente, foram analisados pelo menos 40 núcleos de esfregaços de medula óssea corados com May-Grünwald-Giemsa. A DF foi determinada com imagens transformadas em escala de cinza pelo método Minkowski-Bouligand estendido para três dimensões. O "goodness-of-fit" da DF foi estimado pelos valores de R² em gráficos log-log. A influência dos parâmetros estudados de sobrevida dos pacientes foi analisada pelos métodos Kaplan-Meier e pela regressão de Cox. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 56 anos. Segundo o ISS, 14% dos pacientes eram do estádio I, 39% eram de estádio II e 47% eram de estádio III. A análise citogenética revelou dois pacientes com alterações do cromossomo 13, dois com translocações envolvendo o cromossomo 14 (em um caso, juntamente com -17) e um paciente com hipodiploidia. Fatores de risco adicional foram encontrados em 62% dos pacientes. Na análise univariada, tanto a DF, quanto o goodness-of-fit foram fatores prognósticos, este último após estratificação pelo ISS. Alta dimensão fractal e baixo "goodness-of-fit" indicaram um pior prognóstico. Na regressão multivariada de Cox, DF, R², ISS e aberrações cromossômicas entraram no modelo final, que mostrou-se estável em um estudo reamostragem bootstrap. Em resumo, as características fractais da cromatina em citologia de rotina revelaram informações relevantes no prognóstico dos doentes com mieloma múltiplo. / Abstract: Nuclear texture features, analyzed by computerized image analysis, has provided important prognostic information in several neoplasias. Recently, the fractal dimension (FD) of the chromatin structure has shown to be an independent prognostic factor in lymphoblastic leukemia acute,in malignant melanoma, in oral squamous cell carcinomas and linfomas. In this study we investigated the influence of the FD of chromatin on survival of patients with multiple myeloma. We studied 67 patients from our Institution treated in the Brazilian Multiple Myeloma Study Group. The diagnosis was confirmed by the criteria of International Myeloma Working Group. Was performed cytogenetic protein electrophoresis, urine I, with the research of protein monoclonal, assessment of renal function and serum calcium.The international Prognostic Index (ISS) was used for staging. For every patient, images of at least 40 nuclei from May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained bone marrow smears were analyzed. FD was determined in gray-scale transformed images by the Minkowski-Bouligand method extended to three dimensions. Goodness-of-fit of FD was estimated by the R2 values in the log-log plots. The influence of parameters studied patients survival was analyzed by Kaplan- Meier and Cox regression. Median age of the patients was 56 years. According to ISS, 14% of the patients were stage I, 39% were stage II and 47% were stage III. Cytogenetic analysis revealed two patients with alterations of chromosome 13, with two translocations involving chromosome 14 (in one case with -17) and one patient with hypodiploid. Additional risk factors were found in 62% of patients. In the univariate analysis FD as well as its goodness-of-fit were prognostic factors, the latter after stratifying for the ISS stage. Higher FD dimension or lower goodness-of-fit indicated a poor prognosis. In the multivariate Cox-regression, FD, R2, ISS stage and chromosomal aberrations entered the final model, which showed to be stable in a bootstrap resampling study. In short, fractal characteristics of the chromatin in routine cytology reveal relevant prognostic information in patients with multiple myeloma. / Mestrado / Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento / Mestre em Fisiopatologia Médica
125

Farmacovigilância de pacientes portadores de mieloma múltiplo em tratamento com bortezomibe e/ou talidomida

Castro, Tiago Baesso Monteiro de 05 November 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-17T12:24:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tiagobaessomonteirodecastro.pdf: 1669524 bytes, checksum: 9a14116f51037cbccac895a4f9c011a8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-28T14:04:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tiagobaessomonteirodecastro.pdf: 1669524 bytes, checksum: 9a14116f51037cbccac895a4f9c011a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T14:04:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tiagobaessomonteirodecastro.pdf: 1669524 bytes, checksum: 9a14116f51037cbccac895a4f9c011a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-05 / Introdução: A maioria dos protocolos para o tratamento do mieloma múltiplo (MM) é composto pelo bortezomibe e/ou talidomida, associados a outras drogas, como agentes alquilantes e corticóides. A farmacovigilância mostra-se uma importante ferramenta durante o tratamento, pois é grande a chance dos pacientes apresentarem algum tipo de efeito adverso (EA). Objetivo: Avaliar as principais toxicidades dos protocolos que utilizam bortezomibe e/ou talidomida para o tratamento do MM. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo de farmacovigilância, em que esta foi exercida através de entrevistas realizadas a cada retorno do paciente, observação clínica e consultas aos exames laboratoriais e prontuários. Os critérios National Cancer Institute versão 4.0 foram utilizados para identificação e graduação de EA. Os dados foram coletados em 3 instituições, no período de 28 meses. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 59 pacientes (tendo sido avaliados 62 tratamentos). Houve uma predominância do sexo feminino, 36 (61%), versus 23 (39%) do sexo masculino, e de brancos, 49 (83,1%) versus 10 (16,9%) da raça negra. A idade dos pacientes variou de 40 a 94 anos, com mediana de 65 anos de idade (DP = 11,6). Em relação ao estadiamento ao diagnóstico, 27 (45,7%) pacientes se encontravam no estádio III-A, sendo 12 (20,3%) pacientes com creatinina ≥ 2. Os principais EA do grupo tratado com bortezomibe (n = 40) foram: neutropenia (42,5%), diarreia (47,5%) e neuropatia periférica (NP) em 60% dos casos, sem diferença (p = 0,343) da administração endovenosa do bortezomibe (n = 26) em relação a utilizacao subcutânea (n = 14). No grupo tratado com talidomida (n = 19), 31,6% apresentaram neutropenia, 47,4% constipação e 68,4% NP. A neutropenia esteve associada ao uso de alquilantes (p = 0,038). Dos 3 pacientes que receberam bortezomibe associado a talidomida apenas 1 apresentou NP (33,3%). Conclusão: A NP foi o principal EA dos protocolos que utilizaram bortezomibe ou talidomida, com maior risco de neutropenia naqueles que utilizaram agentes alquilantes. Aprimorar a identificação de EA é fundamental para o cuidado com o paciente portador de MM que apresenta melhoras progressivas no tratamento e requer um uso racional e seguro dos medicamentos. / Introduction: Most protocols for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) consist of bortezomib and/or thalidomide, combined with other drugs such as alkylating agents and corticosteroids. Pharmacovigilance proves to be an important tool during treatment, as there is a high likelihood of patients having some type of adverse effect (AE). Objective: To assess the major adverse effects of the protocols that use bortezomib and/or thalidomide for the treatment of MM. Materials and methods: A prospective study of pharmacovigilance, carried out through interviews at each appointment with the patient, clinical observation, and by consulting laboratory tests and medical records. The National Cancer Institute criteria, version 4.0, were used for the identification and grading of AEs. Data were collected at three institutions, over 28 months. Results: A total of 59 patients (with 62 treatments being evaluated) were included in the study. There was a predominance of females, 36 (61%), versus 23 (39%) males, and Whites, 49 (83.1%), versus Blacks, 10 (16.9%). Patient age ranged from 40 to 94 years, with a median of 65 years (SD = 11.6). Regarding staging at diagnosis, 27 (45.7%) of the patients were in stage III-A, with 12 (20.3%) patients having creatinine ≥ 2. The main AEs for the bortezomib treatment group (n = 40) were: neutropenia (42.5%), diarrhea (47.5%), and peripheral neuropathy (PN) in 60% of cases, with no difference (p = 0.343) between intravenous administration of bortezomib (n = 26) and subcutaneous use (n = 14). In the group treated with thalidomide (n = 19), 31.6% had neutropenia, 47.4% constipation, and 68.4% PN. Neutropenia was associated with the use of alkylating agents (p = .038). Of the 3 patients who received bortezomib combined with thalidomide, only 1 presented NP (33.3%). Conclusion: NP was the main AE of the protocols that used bortezomib or thalidomide, with increased risk of neutropenia in those using alkylating agents. Improving the identification AEs is critical in caring for the patient with MM, which shows progressive improvements in treatment, and requires a rational and safe use of medicines.
126

Anormalidades citogenéticas e sua relação com a proliferação e a apoptose celular em portadores de mieloma múltiplo / Cytogenetic abnormalities and their relation to cell proliferation and apoptosis in multiple myeloma patients

Camila da Cruz Gouveia Linardi 14 January 2011 (has links)
Anormalidades citogenéticas recorrentes são encontradas nas células tumorais de portadores de mieloma múltiplo. No momento do diagnóstico a t(4;14)(p16;q32) e a del(17p13) ocorrem em 10-20% e 5-10% dos casos, respectivamente, e são associadas à evolução clínica desfavorável. A del(13q14), por sua vez, ocorre em cerca de metade dos pacientes, porém não apresenta valor prognóstico importante. Entretanto, há evidências na literatura de que a del(13q14) seja um pré requisito para a expansão tumoral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a prevalência destas anormalidades cromossômicas em portadores de mieloma múltiplo recém diagnosticado e correlacioná-las com as taxas de proliferação e apoptose celular na medula óssea e a quantificação de plasmócitos em sangue. Amostras de aspirado de medula óssea provenientes de 84 portadores de mieloma múltiplo recém diagnosticado foram avaliadas quanto à presença de del(13q14), t(4;14)(p16;q32) e del(17p13) pela técnica de marcação fluorescente dos plasmócitos seguida pela hibridação in situ por fluorescência (cIg-FISH). Desta forma, foi realizada a correlação entre estas alterações e a quantificação de plasmócitos em sangue periférico, a proporção de plasmócitos positivos para o marcador de proliferação celular Ki-67 e para o marcador de apoptose anexina V, obtidos pela técnica de citometria de fluxo. Concomitantemente, foram avaliados parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais e realizada a análise de sobrevida global (SG) e sobrevida livre de eventos (SLE). Os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a anormalidade citogenética presente: (1) grupo com t(4;14)(p16;q32), (2) grupo com del(17p13), (3) grupo com del(13q14) e sem nenhuma das outras alterações e (4) grupo sem nenhuma das anormalidades pesquisadas. Foi possível realizar a pesquisa de todas as anormalidades cromossômicas em 76 pacientes dos quais: vinte nove (38,1%) possuíam somente del(13q14), seis (7,89%) possuíam t(4;14)(p16;q32) e seis (7,89%) possuíam del(17p13). Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os diferentes grupos de anormalidades citogenéticas quanto à mediana de expressão de Ki-67 em plasmócitos (p=0,7), a mediana de marcação dos plasmócitos com anexina V (p=0,94), a razão entre expressão de Ki-67 e marcação com anexina V (p=0,57) e a quantidade de plasmócitos em sangue periférico (p=0,07). Entretanto, observou-se tendência à correlação entre porcentagem de células acometidas pela del(13q14) e expressão de Ki-67 (p=0,06). A maior expressão de Ki-67 e a maior quantidade de plasmócitos circulantes se associaram a características clínicas e laboratoriais de mau prognóstico. Em análise multivariada somente níveis séricos elevados de desidrogenase lática (DHL) (p=0,002) se associaram à SLE e DHL elevado (p=0,013), a não realização de quimioterapia em altas doses com resgate de células tronco hematopoéticas (p=0,016), sistema de estadiamento internacional (ISS) III (p=0,001) e t(4;14)(p16;q32) (p=0,04) se associaram à pior SG / Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities are found in multiple myeloma tumour cells. Among them, t(4;14)(p16;q32) e a del(17p13) occur respectively in 10-20% and 5-10% cases in the moment of diagnosis, and are associated with unfavorable clinical outcome. Del(13q14) occurs in half of patients, although, it has no important prognostic value. However, there are evidence in literature that del(13q14) is a pre requisite for tumour expansion. The purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and correlate these abnormalities with the quantification of plasmocytes in blood and the rates of cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Bone marrow samples from eighty four newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients were evaluated for the presence of del(13q14), t(4;14)(p16;q32) and del(17p13) by fluorescent in situ hybridization coupled to cytoplasmic staining of specific imunoglobulin (clg-FISH). Therefore, a correlation between these alterations and the proportion of plasmocytes positive for the proliferation antigen Ki-67 and for the apoptosis marker annexin V, measured by flow cytometry, was done. The quantification of plasmocytes in peripheral blood by flow cytometry was also made. Concurrently, clinical and laboratorial parameters, overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) were also evaluated. Patients were divided in four groups accordingly to the cytogenetical abnormality present (1) t(4;14)(p16;q32), (2) del(17p13), (3) del(13q14) and none of the other alterations and (4) group with no researched abnormality. The research of all chromosomal abnormalities was possible in 76 patients: 29 (38,1%) had only del(13q14), six (7,89%) had t(4;14)(p16;q32) and six (7,89%) had del(17p13). No significant statistical difference was observed between different groups comparing the median expression of Ki-67 in plasmocytes (p=0,7), the median plasmocytes positive for annexin V (0,94), the ratio between Ki-67 and annexin V (p=0,57), and the quantity of plasmocytes in peripheral blood (p=0,07). However, there was a tendency for a correlation between proportion of cells with del(13q14) and Ki-67 expression (p=0,06). Higher Ki-67 expression and higher number of blood plasmocytes correlated to clinical and laboratorial features associated with unfavorable outcome. In multivariate analyses, only elevated lactate dehydrogenase (p=0,002) was associated to inferior EFS, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (p=0,013), treatment without high dose chemotherapy with stem cell support (p=0,016), International Staging System III (p=0,001) and presence of t(4;14)(p16;q32) (p=0,04) were associated to inferior OS
127

Chemomobilization with Cyclophosphamide and Filgrastim in Multiple Myeloma Patients Following Lenalidomide Treatment

Gerfen, Ashlee, Green, Myke January 2012 (has links)
Class of 2012 Abstract / Specific Aims: Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the current gold standard following induction therapy to improve survival of multiple myeloma (MM). Lenalidomide (LEN) is used for treatment of MM before ASCT, but exposure may impair autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization. Chemomobilization with cyclophosphamide (CTX) has not been evaluated in this setting. CTX + filgrastim was investigated to determine if LEN-associated mobilization impairment can be abrogated. Methods: 36 pts (group A=12 pts who received ≥2 cycles of LEN and group B=24 pts without LEN) were analyzed retrospectively. Baseline characteristics were matched (p>0.05 for all variables). All pts received CTX (median group B, 1.5g/m2; median group A, 3gm/m2(p=0.18)) and filgrastim 10µg/kg/day. Primary outcomes include number of CD34+ cells collected and number of leukapheresis sessions. Secondary outcomes include failure to collect CD34+ cells and total CD34+ cells collected after second leukapheresis. Main Results: Total median number of CD34+ cells collected in group B=9.15x106/kg CD34+ cells and group A=7.43x106/kg CD34+ cells (p=0.159). Median number of apheresis sessions in group B=2 and group A=3 (p=0.42). Two of 12 pts with antecedent LEN usage failed to collect while no patient without previous LEN exposure failed to collect (p=0.105). Total number of CD34+ cells collected after 2 apheresis sessions for group B=8.13x106/kg CD34+ cells and group A=3.34x106/kg CD34+ cells (p=0.06). Conclusions: Chemomobilization with CTX + filgrastim yields robust PBSC collections irrespective of antecedent lenalidomide. There was a trend towards lesser PBSC collection in LEN-treated pts.
128

The role of host microenvironment in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma

Lwin, Seint The Su January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
129

DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DE RECIDIVAS EM PACIENTES COM MIELOMA MÚLTIPLO ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DE IMUNOGLOBULINAS MONOCLONAIS / EARLY DETECTION OF RELAPSES IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA BY ANALYSIS OF MONOCLONAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS

Aita, Marta Helena Carlesso 15 December 2014 (has links)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable progressive hematologic malignancy with heterogeneous evolution. It is a disease characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow producing monoclonal immunoglobulins and causing a number of organ dysfunctions. Most patients relapse after treatment. Therefore, the use of methods of analysis of serum and urinary samples in order to detect as early as possible the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulins, before the occurrence of relapses, may aid in the treatment of patients with MM, improving its quality and prolonging survival. In this study we compared the effectiveness of the techniques of immunofixation (IF) and electrophoresis (EP) in the detection of MM relapses. For this, 52 patients under treatment in the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were monitored, being detected the relapse of the disease in nine of these patients. A retrospective analysis of serum proteins of the nine patients, between January 2012 and July 2014, showed that IF was more effective than EP in early detection of relapse, regardless of the present class of immunoglobulins. The precocity of IF in relation to EP in detecting MM relapses in the nine patients studied, ranged from 2.0 to 18.8 months, with a mean of 6.6 months. Thus, we suggest the implementation of IF in the Clinical Analysis Laboratory (CAL) of HUSM to help onco-hematology physicians in the diagnosis and supportive care for patients with MM. / O mieloma múltiplo (MM) é uma neoplasia hematológica progressiva, com evolução heterogênea e ainda incurável. É uma doença caracterizada pela proliferação clonal anormal de plasmócitos na medula óssea produzindo imunoglobulinas monoclonais e ocasionando uma série de disfunções orgânicas. A maioria dos pacientes recidivam após o tratamento. Portanto, a utilização de métodos de análise de amostras séricas e urinárias, que permitam detectar o mais precocemente possível a presença de imunoglobulinas monoclonais, antes da ocorrência das recidivas, pode auxiliar no tratamento de pacientes com MM, melhorando a qualidade e ampliando o tempo de sobrevida dos mesmos. No presente estudo foram comparadas as técnicas de imunofixação (IF) e eletroforese (EF) quanto a sua eficácia na detecção das recidivas do MM. Para isso, foram monitorados 52 pacientes em tratamento junto ao Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), sendo detectada a recidiva da doença em nove destes pacientes. A análise retrospectiva de proteínas séricas dos nove pacientes, no período entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2014, mostrou que a IF foi mais eficaz do que a EF em detectar precocemente as recidivas, independentemente da classe de imunoglobulinas presente. Nos nove pacientes recidivados, a precocidade da IF, em relação à EF, na detecção das recidivas do MM variou de 2,0 a 18,8 meses, com um tempo médio de 6,6 meses.
130

Withanolide D Exhibits Similar Cytostatic Effect in Drug-Resistant and Drug-Sensitive Multiple Myeloma Cells

Issa, Mark E., Wijeratne, E. M. K., Gunatilaka, A. A. L., Cuendet, Muriel 08 September 2017 (has links)
In spite of recent therapeutic advances, multiple myeloma (MM) remains a malignancy with very low curability. This has been partly attributed to the existence of a drug-resistant subpopulation known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). MM-CSCs are equipped with the necessary tools that render them highly resistant to virtually all conventional therapies. In this study, the growth inhibitory effects of withanolide D (WND), a steroidal lactone isolated from Withania somnifera, on drug-sensitive tumoral plasma cells and drug-resistant MM cells have been investigated. In MTT/XTT assays, WND exhibited similar cytostatic effects between drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cell lines in the nM range. WND also induced cell death and apoptosis in MM-CSCs and RPMI 8226 cells, as examined by the calcein/ethidium homodimer and annexin V/propidium iodide stainings, respectively. To determine whether P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux affected the cytostatic activity of WND, P-gp was inhibited with verapamil and results indicated that the WND cytostatic effect in MM-CSCs was independent of P-gp efflux. Furthermore, WND did not increase the accumulation of the fluorescent P-gp substrate rhodamine 123 in MM-CSCs, suggesting that WND may not inhibit P-gp at the tested relevant doses. Therefore, the WND-induced cytostatic effect may be independent of P-gp efflux. These findings warrant further investigation of WND in MM-CSC animal models.

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