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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Exercise training effects on myocardial stunning

Hwang, Hyosook, January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 132 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisors: George E. Billman and Timothy E. Kirby, Dept. of Educational Services and Research. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-132).
2

Measurement of electrical admittance to study the onset and progression of myocardial ischemia

Kottam, Anil Tharian George, 1979- 29 August 2008 (has links)
The electrical admittance of myocardium can be used to distinguish between stunned, ischemic and necrotic myocardial tissue. Myocardial stunning is the reversible contractile dysfunction following a brief ischemic episode. This reversible nature is clinically significant and is in contrast to the irreversible myocardial dysfunction that occurs with necrosis. This dissertation aims at developing an instrument to measure myocardial admittance during ischemia and subsequent reperfusion and to study the underlying mechanisms governing the onset and progression of ischemia and stunning. The instrument was tested on Langendorff models of the isolated rat heart that has been subjected to varying durations of global no flow ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. The relative permittivity and conductivity of the myocardium was determined and this could be correlated to the state of the tissue.
3

Measurement of electrical admittance to study the onset and progression of myocardial ischemia

Kottam, Anil Tharian George, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
4

Exercise training effects on myocardial stunning

Hwang, Hyosook 11 March 2004 (has links)
No description available.
5

Entwicklung eines Tiermodells am akut instrumentierten Schwein zur Untersuchung endogener Opioidpeptide unter der extrakorporalen Zirkulation

Kruse, Lilian Charlotte 24 June 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Die extrakorporale Zirkulation unter Einsatz einer Herz-Lungen-Maschine kann postoperativ zu kontraktilen ventrikulären Funktionsstörungen führen, die Morbidität und Mortalität für betroffene Patienten erhöht. Diese kardiale Dysfunktion bezeichnet man als myokardiales Stunning, welche durch die globale Ischämie ausgelöst wird. Das Phänomen der reversiblen kontraktilen Dysfunktion weißt eine hohe klinische Relevanz auf und ist somit in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten sowohl klinisch als auch experimentell intensiv erforscht worden. Dabei kamen unterschiedlichste Spezies, Methoden und Modelle zum Einsatz. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Etablierung eines neuartigen akut instrumentierten Tiermodells, anhand dessen Folgen des kardiopulmonalen Bypasses und Wirkung des endogenen Opioidsystems auf myokardiales Stunning untersucht werden können. Mit Hilfe des entwickelten Versuchsmodells können die Auswirkungen applizierter Opioidrezeptorantagonisten und die Effekte der kardiopulmonalen Zirkulation auf die kontraktile myokardiale Dysfunktion valide untersucht werden. Als Versuchstiere wurden 50 männlich kastrierte Schweine der Rassenkreuzung „Deutsche Landrasse“ und „Yorkshireschwein“ eingesetzt. In Allgemeinanästhesie wurden die Tiere über eine Thorakotomie instrumentiert und anschließend elektrisch Kammerflimmern induziert. Nach Erreichen einer stabilen extrakorporalen Zirkulation unter der Herz-Lungen-Maschine wurde nach Ablauf der ischämischen Phase eine standardisierte Reaninmation und Weaning durchgeführt. Alle 50 Tiere konnten den Versuch erfolgreich durchlaufen. Die Analyse und Auswertung sämtlicher archivierter Daten und Proben der Versuchstiere wurde zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt durchgeführt.
6

Relaxation rate-based magnetic resonance imaging quantification of myocardial infarction

Surányi, Pál. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Feb. 15, 2008). Includes bibliographical references.
7

Entwicklung eines Tiermodells am akut instrumentierten Schwein zur Untersuchung endogener Opioidpeptide unter der extrakorporalen Zirkulation

Kruse, Lilian Charlotte 23 March 2010 (has links)
Die extrakorporale Zirkulation unter Einsatz einer Herz-Lungen-Maschine kann postoperativ zu kontraktilen ventrikulären Funktionsstörungen führen, die Morbidität und Mortalität für betroffene Patienten erhöht. Diese kardiale Dysfunktion bezeichnet man als myokardiales Stunning, welche durch die globale Ischämie ausgelöst wird. Das Phänomen der reversiblen kontraktilen Dysfunktion weißt eine hohe klinische Relevanz auf und ist somit in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten sowohl klinisch als auch experimentell intensiv erforscht worden. Dabei kamen unterschiedlichste Spezies, Methoden und Modelle zum Einsatz. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Etablierung eines neuartigen akut instrumentierten Tiermodells, anhand dessen Folgen des kardiopulmonalen Bypasses und Wirkung des endogenen Opioidsystems auf myokardiales Stunning untersucht werden können. Mit Hilfe des entwickelten Versuchsmodells können die Auswirkungen applizierter Opioidrezeptorantagonisten und die Effekte der kardiopulmonalen Zirkulation auf die kontraktile myokardiale Dysfunktion valide untersucht werden. Als Versuchstiere wurden 50 männlich kastrierte Schweine der Rassenkreuzung „Deutsche Landrasse“ und „Yorkshireschwein“ eingesetzt. In Allgemeinanästhesie wurden die Tiere über eine Thorakotomie instrumentiert und anschließend elektrisch Kammerflimmern induziert. Nach Erreichen einer stabilen extrakorporalen Zirkulation unter der Herz-Lungen-Maschine wurde nach Ablauf der ischämischen Phase eine standardisierte Reaninmation und Weaning durchgeführt. Alle 50 Tiere konnten den Versuch erfolgreich durchlaufen. Die Analyse und Auswertung sämtlicher archivierter Daten und Proben der Versuchstiere wurde zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt durchgeführt.
8

Nova técnica para pesquisa de viabilidade miocárdica com 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glicose utilizando dieta restrita em carboidratos: estudo comparativo com o clamp hiperinsulínico euglicêmico / New method in myocardial viability detection with 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glucose using a low-carbohydrate diet: a comparative study with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp

Rodrigues Filho, Filadelfo 26 September 2008 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Em pacientes com infarto do miocárdio (IM) e disfunção cardíaca, a evidência de viabilidade miocárdica é primordial, e o exame tomográfico por emissão de pósitrons com 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glicose (18FDG-PET) é o padrão-ouro para essa identificação. Existe preferência, na literatura, pela realização do clamp hiperínsulínico euglicêmico (CLAMP) antes da injeção de 18FDG para estimular todo o miocárdio a consumir glicose (GLI), garantindo assim a sua captação pelas áreas de miocárdio hibernado (MH). No entanto, essa técnica é trabalhosa, além do risco de hipoglicemia durante a realização. Desenvolvemos uma nova técnica na qual o paciente é submetido a uma dieta restrita em carboidratos (DIETA) por 24 horas antes do exame, sem a necessidade de CLAMP, com o objetivo de diminuir os níveis de insulina e aumentar ácidos graxos livres (AGL), estimulando o miocárdio normal a consumir AGL, e não GLI. A área de MH, porém, não consegue realizar o metabolismo oxidativo de AGL, mantendo o consumo de GLI. OBJETIVOS: comparar o PET após DIETA (PET-DIETA) com o PET após CLAMP (PET-CLAMP), para a pesquisa de viabilidade miocárdica. MÉTODOS: Trinta pacientes com IM prévio e hipocinesia na área infartada foram submetidos à cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica com 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI), PET-CLAMP e PET-DIETA. A DIETA limitava-se a 15-20g de carboidratos por dia. Os exames foram submetidos à análise visual e classificados por escores (0 a 4). Foram consideras áreas de mismatch (MH) aquelas com hipoperfusão ao MIBI e captação presente no PET-CLAMP ou no PET-DIETA, em um modelo de 17 segmentos, além da análise por parede, território arterial e por paciente. A análise por segmentos foi realizada ainda dividindo-se os pacientes em diabéticos (DM) e não diabéticos (NDM). O PET-DIETA também foi submetido à análise automática (por percentual de captação) RESULTADOS: Durante o CLAMP, seis (20%) pacientes apresentaram hipoglicemia. Nenhum paciente apresentou hipoglicemia após a DIETA. Houve concordância na análise visual do PET-CLAMP e PET-DIETA para detecção de áreas de mismatch em 94,5% dos segmentos analisados, com um índice kappa de 0,78 (concordância substancial). Essa concordância se manteve na análise por parede (0,80), território arterial (k=0,79) e por paciente (0,79). Quando dividimos os pacientes em NDM (22) e DM (8), encontramos k=0,78 para o subgrupo NDM e 0,70 para o subgrupo DM. A análise automática para o PET-DIETA evidenciou, quando comparada com a análise visual do PET-CLAMP, uma concordância moderada, com índice kappa de 0,50 para análise por segmento, 0,54 por parede, 0,60 por território arterial e 0,48 por paciente. CONCLUSÕES: Concluímos assim que o exame de PET-DIETA apresenta uma excelente concordância para detecção de áreas de mismatch com o PET-CLAMP, ambos em conjunto com a análise do MIBI, possivelmente com mais segurança para o paciente. Essa concordância se mantém quando avaliamos os subgrupos de DM e NDM / BACKGROUND: In patients with myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction, the evidence of myocardial viability has important clinical implications. Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glucose (18FDG) is considered the gold standard for viability detection. The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamping (CLAMP) before 18FDG injection stimulates uptake of both glucose and 18FDG in the myocardium, including areas of hibernating myocardium (MH), and it is the most used protocol. However, this imaging protocol has an increased risk for hypoglycemia and is relatively time-consuming. We developed a new protocol using a 24 hours low-carbohydrate diet (DIET), aiming to reduce insulin levels and increase free fatty acids (FFA). This protocol stimulates the normal myocardium to use FFA, not glucose, but the area of hibernating myocardium (viable area) may not use oxidative metabolism with FFA, keeping glucose uptake and becoming a hot spot at PET images. The aim of this study was to compare both techniques by segments, regions, vascular territories and patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction were studied. All of them underwent into a SPECT perfusion scan with 99mTc-sestamibi and two 18FDG PET studies to asses myocardial viability, one with CLAMP (PET-CLAMP) and another using a 24 hours low-carbohydrate diet (PET-DIET). For the analysis, the myocardium was divided into 17 segments, 5 regions and 3 vascular territories. A visual and an automatic semi-quantitative analysis (only for PET-DIET) were carried out according to the following score indicating radiotracer uptake: 0 = normal to 4 = absent. Myocardial viability was defined as the presence of normal or mildly reduced FDG uptake in an area with reduced perfusion (99mTc-sestamibi uptake). We also performed subgroup analyses in diabetes (DM) and non-diabetic patients (NDM). RESULTS: While using CLAMP protocol, six (20%) patients had hypoglycemia. None of the patients had hypoglycemia after using DIET. High agreement rates were observed with visual analysis in comparing mismatch areas (kappa=0,78 substancial concordance). Similar rates were find in regions (0,80), vascular territories (0,79) and patient (0,79) analysis. In subgroup analysis, DM (8) presented with kappa=0,70 and NDM (22) with kappa=0,78. Upon analysis, the automatic method for PET-DIET showed moderate agreement when compared with PET-CLAMP visual analysis by segments (Kappa=0,50), regions (0,54), vascular territories (0,60) and patient (0,48). CONCLUSIONS: This has led to the suggestion that PET-DIET study proved an excellent agreement in detects mismatch areas assessed by PET-CLAMP, with probably more safety. The same results occurs in the in diabetes and non-diabetic patients subgroups
9

Nova técnica para pesquisa de viabilidade miocárdica com 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glicose utilizando dieta restrita em carboidratos: estudo comparativo com o clamp hiperinsulínico euglicêmico / New method in myocardial viability detection with 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glucose using a low-carbohydrate diet: a comparative study with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp

Filadelfo Rodrigues Filho 26 September 2008 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Em pacientes com infarto do miocárdio (IM) e disfunção cardíaca, a evidência de viabilidade miocárdica é primordial, e o exame tomográfico por emissão de pósitrons com 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glicose (18FDG-PET) é o padrão-ouro para essa identificação. Existe preferência, na literatura, pela realização do clamp hiperínsulínico euglicêmico (CLAMP) antes da injeção de 18FDG para estimular todo o miocárdio a consumir glicose (GLI), garantindo assim a sua captação pelas áreas de miocárdio hibernado (MH). No entanto, essa técnica é trabalhosa, além do risco de hipoglicemia durante a realização. Desenvolvemos uma nova técnica na qual o paciente é submetido a uma dieta restrita em carboidratos (DIETA) por 24 horas antes do exame, sem a necessidade de CLAMP, com o objetivo de diminuir os níveis de insulina e aumentar ácidos graxos livres (AGL), estimulando o miocárdio normal a consumir AGL, e não GLI. A área de MH, porém, não consegue realizar o metabolismo oxidativo de AGL, mantendo o consumo de GLI. OBJETIVOS: comparar o PET após DIETA (PET-DIETA) com o PET após CLAMP (PET-CLAMP), para a pesquisa de viabilidade miocárdica. MÉTODOS: Trinta pacientes com IM prévio e hipocinesia na área infartada foram submetidos à cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica com 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI), PET-CLAMP e PET-DIETA. A DIETA limitava-se a 15-20g de carboidratos por dia. Os exames foram submetidos à análise visual e classificados por escores (0 a 4). Foram consideras áreas de mismatch (MH) aquelas com hipoperfusão ao MIBI e captação presente no PET-CLAMP ou no PET-DIETA, em um modelo de 17 segmentos, além da análise por parede, território arterial e por paciente. A análise por segmentos foi realizada ainda dividindo-se os pacientes em diabéticos (DM) e não diabéticos (NDM). O PET-DIETA também foi submetido à análise automática (por percentual de captação) RESULTADOS: Durante o CLAMP, seis (20%) pacientes apresentaram hipoglicemia. Nenhum paciente apresentou hipoglicemia após a DIETA. Houve concordância na análise visual do PET-CLAMP e PET-DIETA para detecção de áreas de mismatch em 94,5% dos segmentos analisados, com um índice kappa de 0,78 (concordância substancial). Essa concordância se manteve na análise por parede (0,80), território arterial (k=0,79) e por paciente (0,79). Quando dividimos os pacientes em NDM (22) e DM (8), encontramos k=0,78 para o subgrupo NDM e 0,70 para o subgrupo DM. A análise automática para o PET-DIETA evidenciou, quando comparada com a análise visual do PET-CLAMP, uma concordância moderada, com índice kappa de 0,50 para análise por segmento, 0,54 por parede, 0,60 por território arterial e 0,48 por paciente. CONCLUSÕES: Concluímos assim que o exame de PET-DIETA apresenta uma excelente concordância para detecção de áreas de mismatch com o PET-CLAMP, ambos em conjunto com a análise do MIBI, possivelmente com mais segurança para o paciente. Essa concordância se mantém quando avaliamos os subgrupos de DM e NDM / BACKGROUND: In patients with myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction, the evidence of myocardial viability has important clinical implications. Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluoro-desoxi-glucose (18FDG) is considered the gold standard for viability detection. The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamping (CLAMP) before 18FDG injection stimulates uptake of both glucose and 18FDG in the myocardium, including areas of hibernating myocardium (MH), and it is the most used protocol. However, this imaging protocol has an increased risk for hypoglycemia and is relatively time-consuming. We developed a new protocol using a 24 hours low-carbohydrate diet (DIET), aiming to reduce insulin levels and increase free fatty acids (FFA). This protocol stimulates the normal myocardium to use FFA, not glucose, but the area of hibernating myocardium (viable area) may not use oxidative metabolism with FFA, keeping glucose uptake and becoming a hot spot at PET images. The aim of this study was to compare both techniques by segments, regions, vascular territories and patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction were studied. All of them underwent into a SPECT perfusion scan with 99mTc-sestamibi and two 18FDG PET studies to asses myocardial viability, one with CLAMP (PET-CLAMP) and another using a 24 hours low-carbohydrate diet (PET-DIET). For the analysis, the myocardium was divided into 17 segments, 5 regions and 3 vascular territories. A visual and an automatic semi-quantitative analysis (only for PET-DIET) were carried out according to the following score indicating radiotracer uptake: 0 = normal to 4 = absent. Myocardial viability was defined as the presence of normal or mildly reduced FDG uptake in an area with reduced perfusion (99mTc-sestamibi uptake). We also performed subgroup analyses in diabetes (DM) and non-diabetic patients (NDM). RESULTS: While using CLAMP protocol, six (20%) patients had hypoglycemia. None of the patients had hypoglycemia after using DIET. High agreement rates were observed with visual analysis in comparing mismatch areas (kappa=0,78 substancial concordance). Similar rates were find in regions (0,80), vascular territories (0,79) and patient (0,79) analysis. In subgroup analysis, DM (8) presented with kappa=0,70 and NDM (22) with kappa=0,78. Upon analysis, the automatic method for PET-DIET showed moderate agreement when compared with PET-CLAMP visual analysis by segments (Kappa=0,50), regions (0,54), vascular territories (0,60) and patient (0,48). CONCLUSIONS: This has led to the suggestion that PET-DIET study proved an excellent agreement in detects mismatch areas assessed by PET-CLAMP, with probably more safety. The same results occurs in the in diabetes and non-diabetic patients subgroups

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