La petite cité grecque d’Ilion offre un exemple original d’identité civique complexe mêlant éléments grecs et « barbares » (i. e. non grecs) grâce à l’utilisation des différents mythes liés à la guerre de Troie. Cette construction identitaire mythique s’enracine dans un site particulièrement riche où les différents niveaux archéologiques se superposent et s’enchevêtrent de l’âge du Bronze à l’époque romaine (Troie I à IX). Elle est aussi nourrie de diverses influences, anatoliennes et égéennes, particulièrement sensibles dans le cas d’Ilion car cette cité, située au bord de l’Hellespont, se trouve en situation de carrefour géopolitique et culturel entre Europe et Asie. Le sanctuaire d’Athéna Ilias joue un rôle central dans l’identité, les mythes et l’histoire de la cité. Mais ce sanctuaire est aussi le centre d’une association religieuse regroupant plusieurs autres cités, principalement de Troade mais aussi d’au-delà, comme Myrléa en Propontide et même Chalcédoine sur le Bosphore, qui administrent en commun le sanctuaire et participent à des panégyries et des concours sacrés en l’honneur de cette divinité à la fois civique et fédérale. L’autre principal lieu de culte d’Ilion, le « Sanctuaire Ouest », témoigne lui aussi d’influences à la fois européennes et asiatiques. / This PhD thesis intends to offer a synthesis concerning the Greek city-State of Ilion. This city-State offers an original example of a complex civic identity which mixes Greek and “barbaric” (i.e. non-Greek) elements through the use of different myths relating to the Trojan war. This mythical construction of identity is rooted in a particularly rich site where the various archaeological levels are superimposed and tangled together, from the Bronze age to the Roman period (Troy I to IX), as evidenced by H. Schliemann, the inventor of the site, which is still nowadays being excavated by German and American teams. Ilion’s identity is also fueled by various influences, Anatolian and Aegean, that are particularly sensitive because of the fact that the city is located at a geopolitical and cultural crossroad between Europe and Asia. The sanctuaries of Ilion play a central role in the identity, the myths and the history of the city, especially the sanctuary of Athena Ilias. It is the centre of a religious association (koinon) which regroups several other cities, from Troad and even beyond, who administer the sanctuary together and participate in festivals and sacred games in honor of this divinity that is both civic and federal. The second main cult site of Ilion, called “West Sanctuary”, is also a testimony of European and Asian influences.

Este estudo toma como base uma obra literária para levantar considerações sobre aspectos característicos da cultura do Rio Grande do Sul em relação ao Brasil. A partir da leitura do romance histórico O Continente, de Erico Verissimo, surge a hipótese de trabalho de que a religião teve um papel diferenciado na formação dessa peculiar região brasileira. Isso repercute na estrutura de valores que caracteriza a sociedade gaúcha, destacando o livrearbítrio e a ação política. Busca-se estabelecer não um perfil religioso atual do Estado, mas um panorama qualitativo do quanto uma fraca religiosidade influenciou na construção de um etos gaúcho e do quanto este se diferencia do etos brasileiro pelo viés mítico. A pesquisa tem caráter interdisciplinar e está apoiada em dados e teorias da antropologia, da história, da sociologia, da filosofia e da psicologia, além da teologia cristã. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-05T18:19:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Nivaldo.pdf: 974425 bytes, checksum: 65fc315933efaf12a015deb6548a64b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-05T18:19:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Nivaldo.pdf: 974425 bytes, checksum: 65fc315933efaf12a015deb6548a64b8 (MD5) / This study was based on a literary work so as to raise considerations about peculiar aspects of the culture of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in relation to Brazil. From reading on the historical novel O Continente, written by Erico Verissimo, arises the work hypothesis that religion had a different role in the development of this specific Brazilian province. It has reflections on the structure of the values that characterize this society, with emphasis on free will and political action. This research aims at giving not a present religious outline of the province, but a qualitative panorama of how such thin religiosity influenced the construction of a gaucho ethos and how much this mythic view has made it distinguished from the Brazilian ethos. The research, which has interdisciplinary character, is supported by the data and theories of Anthropology, History, Sociology, Philosophy and Psychology, besides the Christian theology.

Este estudo toma como base uma obra literária para levantar considerações sobre aspectos característicos da cultura do Rio Grande do Sul em relação ao Brasil. A partir da leitura do romance histórico O Continente, de Erico Verissimo, surge a hipótese de trabalho de que a religião teve um papel diferenciado na formação dessa peculiar região brasileira. Isso repercute na estrutura de valores que caracteriza a sociedade gaúcha, destacando o livrearbítrio e a ação política. Busca-se estabelecer não um perfil religioso atual do Estado, mas um panorama qualitativo do quanto uma fraca religiosidade influenciou na construção de um etos gaúcho e do quanto este se diferencia do etos brasileiro pelo viés mítico. A pesquisa tem caráter interdisciplinar e está apoiada em dados e teorias da antropologia, da história, da sociologia, da filosofia e da psicologia, além da teologia cristã. / This study was based on a literary work so as to raise considerations about peculiar aspects of the culture of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in relation to Brazil. From reading on the historical novel O Continente, written by Erico Verissimo, arises the work hypothesis that religion had a different role in the development of this specific Brazilian province. It has reflections on the structure of the values that characterize this society, with emphasis on free will and political action. This research aims at giving not a present religious outline of the province, but a qualitative panorama of how such thin religiosity influenced the construction of a gaucho ethos and how much this mythic view has made it distinguished from the Brazilian ethos. The research, which has interdisciplinary character, is supported by the data and theories of Anthropology, History, Sociology, Philosophy and Psychology, besides the Christian theology.