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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

National Innovation Systems in two Nordic countries : Sweden and Finland. Lessons learned for the development of effective innovation policy in Armenia.

Danielyan, Hripsime January 2009 (has links)
Today Armenia strives to build a knowledge-based economy to improve its competitiveness. For this reason, the creation and development of innovation-supporting infrastructure becomes a critical challenge for the next few years. In this regard, the experience of developed countries in the design and implementation of innovation policies can be useful for the creation of National Innovation System (NIS) in Armenia. This thesis work investigates the NIS model in the Nordic countries, specifically in Sweden and Finland, and make conclusion on how the Nordic model of NIS could work in Armenia. For this purpose, a comparative analysis of the NIS models in the Nordic countries, specifically in Sweden and Finland, with the NIS models in Israel and South Korea was conducted. To study the implementation of the Nordic model in transition economies, an example of one of Baltic countries - Estonia, was considered where currently this model of NIS is being implemented. Also, the current situation of NIS in Armenia was studied, and conclusions were made on what lessons can be learned for the development of effective innovation policy in Armenia. An attempt was made to answer the following research questions supporting the purpose of this thesis: 1. What are the specifics of the NIS model in two Nordic countries studied, i.e. in Sweden and Finland (the main features and peculiarities of NIS in Sweden and Finland has been identified through a comparative analysis of the NIS in these countries with the NIS models in two non-Nordic countries, i.e. in Israel and South Korea)? 2. To what extent has the Nordic model of NIS been implemented in Estonia and what are NIS development challenges there? 3. What are NIS development challenges in Armenia? 4. What lessons can be learned for the development of effective innovation policy in Armenia? The theoretical basis for this work originates in scientific articles by Lundvall, Freeman, Metcalfe and many others, research and reports of international organizations and national agencies, official documents and information posted on the websites of governmental organizations. Also, semi-structured interviews were conducted in seven private companies in Armenia to compile firm-level innovation data sets.
2

A Strategic Approach of Building National Technology Strength - Finland as Case Study

Cheng, Wen-Pi 27 June 2001 (has links)
Finland has made considerable advances in generating a coordinated national innovation system and building its national technology strengths. According to Castells (2000), Finland has established itself as the first true information society, with one website per person, internet access in 100 % of school, a computer literacy campaign for adults, the largest diffusion of computer power and mobile telephone in the world, and a globally competitive information technology industry, spearheaded by Nokia. The purpose of this thesis is to study and define the high frequency of consultation, deliberation and effective linkage creation between Finnish Government, education system, research institutes and industry. The process begins with the recognition that in the knowledge-based economy, knowledge can be fostered to produce economic benefits and national wealth. The result of the thesis found that not only basic components like government, education system, research institutes, and industry, but also outside components, like international cooperation, human resource and culture, play very important roles while investigating the factors which help to facilitate and enforce Finland to develop its information society and national technology strength.
3

An investigation of Eco-Innovation in household refrigerator industry : A Comparative study of Electrolux (Sweden) and Toshiba Consumer Products (Thailand)

Puangnakpan, Niyada January 2011 (has links)
Purpose: The main purpose is to investigate how the two companies in a cross-national context pursue innovation particularly in the process of achieving eco-innovations practices in manufacturing operation Method: An in-depth interviewing approach was used conducting a face-to-face interview and an online video conference. Research question: " What are the key differences in the process of achieving eco-innovations in the production systems between two household refrigerator manufacturing companies in a cross-national context? " Sub-questions: 1. Why do the companies pursue eco-innovations? 2. How do the companies manage eco-innovations? 3. Who in the companies is involved in achieving eco-innovations? 4. What measurements are used to determine the success of eco-innovations? Findings: The results suggest that the organizations in each country respond to different demand and orientation. They also deploy differences in approach and involving actors towards achieving eco-innovation journey Limitations While the findings are induced from a case study of two companies in a particular industry in Thailand and Sweden, the generalizability of the findings is somehow limited
4

荷蘭、比利時創新政策之比較研究 / Comparative Study on Netherlands and Belgium Innovation Policies

蘇柏鈞 Unknown Date (has links)
科技競爭力是經濟持續成長的動力,而政府、企業與國家之整體科技能量為發展科技經濟的重要支柱。於全球科技經濟的持續發展之下,研發(R&D)的投入、創新(Innovation)的擴散,並逐漸在以知識(Knowledge)作為競爭基礎的全球化社會與網際網路時代中日益重要,而在此趨勢之下,企業除了應積極規劃產業轉型,政府創新政策(Innovation Policy)的支持更是不可或缺的條件,各國家莫不體認到「創新能力」是現代國家競爭力的重要關鍵。 美國在甘乃迪總統時代,便將「創新政策(Innovation Policy)」視為政府產業科技政策中非常重要的一環,其目的在獎勵新興產業中之科技創新,因其能符合國家的需求及達到改善經濟情勢的目標,但由於私人企業的資源有限,無法在有限的時間及預算內開發出符合社會大眾需求的產品。所以,甘乃迪主張政府應負責主導產業科技創新發展的方向,同時政府應提供企業界財力及其它資源上的補助。 創新相關的概念逐步發展,到晚近十多年,西歐幾個國家包括丹麥、瑞典和英國的產業經濟與政策研究學者,開始提倡「國家創新系統(National Innovation System)」的概念。過去,人們直接將科學系統(Science system)視為唯一的創新指標(Innovation indicator),科學投入(Science input,如R&D預算)的增加直接助長創新及科技的發展。這個以科技推力為主的簡單線性關係模型的觀念已被「系統式模式(Systemic approaches)」所取代。 亦即創新為研究、發展、行銷、擴散(Research, development, marketing, diffusion)每一階段交互作用的成果,而非單單是R&D的投入面而已,也就是說創新活動來自創新系統(Innovation system)中每一成員(如政府、大學、私人企業)及每一步驟(研究、發展、行銷、擴散)的交互作用等,而不只是學術界與R&D的事而已。 歐州近年來針對創新政策相關議題多所著墨,而自2000年開始,荷蘭、比利時是歐洲中於國家競爭力上有卓越表現的國家,而基於版圖規模和經濟特質,在科技產業之推動與創新政策之發展上,以上各國顯然有許多值得臺灣借鏡與學習的地方,本研究期望對荷蘭、比利時二國創新政策做深入淺出的剖析,並以國家創新系統為依歸,歸納出對正努力邁向知識密集、附加價值的臺灣一個值得參考之啟示與學習典範。 / Technological competitive strength is the power for the continuous growth of the economy. And the technological power of the government, enterprises and the country is the critical mainstay of the development of technological economy. Under the continuous development of the world economy, the investment on R&D and the spread of innovation become more important in the competition with the knowledge base in the global world and internet era. Under this trend, besides planning the transform of the products, the enterprise needs the government's Innovation Policy as a necessary factor. All the countries realize that Innovation is the key to the modern nations' competitive strength. During the Kennedy period, the U.S. regards Innovation Policy as a most important part of the government's high-technology industry. The aim is to encourage the technological innovation in the new industry, because it conforms to the country's needs and may improve the economic condition. However, as the private enterprises have limited power and cannot produce the products conforming with people's needs during a time limit. Therefore, Kennedy advocates that government should be responsible to lead the industrial technology, and provides some monetary and other aids. Concepts relating to innovation are gradually developing. In the recent ten years, theory studying scholars from western European countries, including Denmark, Sweden and U.K., begin to advocate National Innovation System. In the past, people regard Science system as the only Innovation indicator, thinking that the growth of Science input will directly foster innovation and the development of technology. This simple linar model has already been replaced by Systemic approaches; that is, innovation is not the result by R&D but the result of the co-operation of research, development, marketing, diffusion. It can also be interpreted that innovation comes from every single member (such as the government, university, private enterprise) and every step, not just the academic circles and R&D. In the recent years, Europe has a lot of works on innovation policy. Since 2000, Netherlands and Belgium are marvelous countries. As for the domain size and the economy quality, Taiwan needs to learn from the above countries on the development of technology industry and innovation policy. The research expects deep analysis on the innovation policies of this three countries; in the meantime, arranges a valuable example for Taiwan on the way to knowledge-intensive and value added.
5

Innovation in China : the contribution of Sino-Western joint ventures

Liu, Li January 2011 (has links)
Since China embraced the “Open Door” policy in 1978, innovation has been an increasingly important factor for the Chinese economy. China is now the third largest country in the world league table of patent applications. China has also received large amounts of foreign direct investment, much of it from major Western innovative companies. In the earlier years of the Open Door policy, much of the involvement of Western companies was through joint ventures. International joint ventures are still important, and it is believed have substantially enhanced China's innovative capability. It is the contention of this research that there is a direct correlation between the arrivals of Sino-Western JVs and China's increased innovation capabilities. This is an important area of study as China moves towards becoming a developed economy. The gap in research at present is in applying innovation theory to China and to JVs. The thesis explores the contribution of Sino-Western JVs to the development of China's innovative capabilities. A model of the innovation process is developed, and eight important factors that are considered to enhance a company's innovative capacity, are derived from the model. The factors, expressed as propositions, are: 1: Becoming part of a wide innovative network in its industry 2: Taking part in an open innovation system in its industry 3: Relating closely to universities, and particularly their research laboratories 4: Relating closely to research institutions 5: Developing a social atmosphere conducive to innovation 6: Developing a strong strategic planning system with innovation as a focus 7: Having innovation as a primary objective of both partners at the outset of the joint venture 8: Focusing on developing intellectual property To investigate whether these propositions were accepted by Sino-Western joint ventures, 40 semi-structured interviews were conducted in ten international (Sino-western) joint ventures in China. In general the interviews provided support for the propositions. However, some reservations were expressed. Executives were reluctant to engage in open (collaborative) innovation, preferring to seek patents for developed intellectual property. They also perceived the main objective of the Western partners to be commercial success rather than innovation, although the Chinese partners were very much innovation-orientated. The research contributes to our understanding of the contribution of Sino-western JVs to the innovative capability of Chinese companies, and provides support for most of the propositions identified in the literature. Respondents remarked that most of the propositions would apply also to self-standing companies in China, and suggested that joint ventures could stimulate innovation in indigenous Chinese companies. In addition to providing a historical overview of the development of innovation in China, developing an innovation process model and testing it in the Chinese context, the thesis makes important policy and practical recommendations to Chinese organizations.
6

Inovação e desenvolvimento econômico : uma análise dos instrumentos disponíveis de apoio à inovação no Brasil

Bochi, Cesar Gioda January 2017 (has links)
A inovação é um dos motores do aumento da produtividade e do desenvolvimento econômico de um país, aumentando a renda per capita e a qualidade de vida da população. A questão é que o êxito do sistema nacional de inovação envolve as políticas industriais adotadas pelo país e a qualidade dos instrumentos de apoio à inovação. Este trabalho espera trazer informações sobre essa discussão. A proposta é apresentar a revisão da literatura sobre o tema, evolução da história recente do Brasil sobre o assunto, análise dos impactos dos instrumentos disponíveis, apresentar alguns exemplos de outros países, bem como análise crítica do modelo atual e quais caminhos poderiam ser adotados em nosso país. / Innovation is one of the drivers of increasing a country's productivity and economic development, increasing per capita income and the quality of life of the population. The point is that the success of the national innovation system involves the industrial policies adopted by the country and the quality of the instruments to support innovation. This paper hopes to bring information about this discussion. The proposal is to present a review of the literature and evolution of Brazil's recent history on the subject, analysis of the impacts of the available instruments, demonstrate some examples from other countries, as well as critical analysis of the current model and what improvements could be adopted in our country.
7

The Study of National Innovation System on Taiwan, China, Japan, and Korea.

Chen, Chun-chung 13 July 2005 (has links)
The topic of National Innovation System (NIS) is gradually emphasized. The NIS includes four compositions. They are government, industry, university and public research organization. The knowledge flow is transmitted among the four compositions through innovation policy. Thus, many countries have begun to develop NIS. The NIS will raise the economic growth rate, and promote the competitiveness of industry. Consequently, the study of NIS becomes very popular. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) build particular NIS structures to explain the difference between members, and try to find the key successful way to achieve national innovative goals. In the Asia, the Taiwan, China, Japan and South Korea show high relationship in the politics and economics. Japan and South are high-developing countries, and their innovation activities are very successful in the world, especially in those of technology industry. Additionally, China has abundant natural resources to help them develop technology industries. For above reasons, we elect these countries to be studied, and we try to find the essential factors of successful NIS. This study includes two research issues. We first collect the secondary data to explain different NIS structure among four countries. Then, we use Stepwise Regression Analysis to evaluate the performance of innovation. Finally we use the Pearson Correlation Analysis to analyze relationship between NIS performance and semiconductor industry development. The results of this study include: (1) R&D expenditure is the most important factor to influence the performance of national innovation; (2) Expenditure on basic research is an important factor to influence the output of innovation; (3) national innovation and industry development shows high relationship; and (4) the ranking of national innovation performance is not totally the same as that of industry development. Based on these findings, we will provide some important policy suggestions for innovation activities in Taiwan.
8

Structural Analysis And Functional Dynamics Of National Innovation System In Turkey And Germany: Lessons For Turkey

Ozturk, Aysen 01 June 2012 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis examines the structure of national innovation system by analyzing the functional dynamics. The institutionalization of national innovation system, programs and funding system are analyzed. Similarities and differences between two countries, namely Germany and Turkey, are examined. The advantages, strengths (inducement) and weaknesses (blocking) of the German and Turkish research system are discussed and examined by focusing on key policy differences. Key policy differences are explained with tools in the national innovation system. The answer to the question of whether it is possible to harmonize the advantages of German system with the existing research and incentive structure in Turkey is looked for. Finally, considering the solutions that are presented by the tools proposed in the study, the question of whether there are any lessons to be drawn for Turkey is answered.
9

Technological Innovation and Diffusion System of Catch-up Economies: Case Study of the Semiconductor Industry (IC) Industry in Chinese Taipei

Chen, Chien-Kao 31 July 2000 (has links)
Technological backwardness is the common problem for all developing nations. The acquisition and creation of advanced technologies are the common dreams of these catch-up economies. How to build up the adequate technological innovation system for high-tech industries is the major challenge to all catching-up economies. Because of the success of technological development, this research will investigate the technology innovation and diffusion system by taking the IC industry in Chinese Taipei as a case study. The purpose of this research is the provide a guide for the future direction of technological innovation and diffusion systems and of share experience on the development of technology in the IC industry of Chinese Taipei with other catch-up economies. This paper first presents hottest study topics: Knowledge Management and National Innovation System (NIS), next introduced two analytical frameworks --- the technological trajectory framework and the multiple cooperation framework --- which are used as tools to describe the evolution of technological development in catch up economies. It will then propose a technological innovation and diffusion system for catch up economies. The structure and components of the system will be discussed and a questionnaire survey designed for the IC industry in Chinese Taipei. The results of the survey will be discussed and future development of the technological innovation and diffusion system of the IC industry in Chinese Taipei will be proposed by this research.
10

The Exploratory Comparison of National Innovation System BetweenTaiwan and Mainland China¡ÐThe Case by Integrated Circuit Industry

Chen, Mei-Chuech 23 July 2001 (has links)
Asian countries imitate the success of Taiwan IC industry, especially Mainland China. Therefore, it is compared between Mainland China and Taiwan to discover the differences and similarities in my thesis. National innovation systems are divided into national industry innovation policies and industrial innovation systems; the former is composed of the history of IC industry, technical policies and industrial policies. And the latter is composed of the resources of technical people, industrial gatherings, research institutions, technical resource and transference. Finally, there are three points in my conclusion. First, the use of industrial policies and the portal model of foreign businessmen are similar. But they, for instance, the period of IC technology enlightenment, the early timing and importance of technology policies, the used way of industry policy, the way of technological transference, scientific research institutions and the local Fabs, are different. Second, their IC design industry is driven by Foundry. It occurs the special division of industry. And the development of their IC industry is driven by demand market in itself. The last, many 8 inches Fabs are built.

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