A complexidade dos dados armazenados em grandes bases de dados aumenta cada vez mais, criando a necessidade de novas operações de consulta. Uma classe de operações que tem apresentado interesse crescente são as chamadas Consultas por Similaridade, sendo as mais conhecidas as consultas por Abrangência (\'R IND. q\') e por k-Vizinhos mais Proximos (kNN), sendo que esta ultima obtem quais são os k elementos armazenados mais similares a um dado elemento de referência. Outra consulta que é interessante tanto para consultas diretas quanto como parte de operações de análises mais complexas e a operação de consulta aos k-Vizinhos mais Próximos Reversos (RkNN). Seu objetivo e obter todos os elementos armazenados que têm um dado elemento de referência como um dos seus k elementos mais similares. Devido a complexidade de execução da operação de RkNN, a grande maioria das soluções existentes restringem-se a dados representados em espaços multidimensionais euclidianos (nos quais estão denidas tambem operações cardinais e topológicas, além de se considerar a similaridade como sendo a distância Euclidiana entre dois elementos), ou então obtém apenas respostas aproximadas, sujeitas a existência de falsos negativos. Várias aplicações de análise de dados científicos, médicos, de engenharia, financeiros, etc. requerem soluções eficientes para o problema da operação de RkNN sobre dados representados em espaços métricos, onde os elementos não podem ser considerados estar em um espaço nem Euclidiano nem multidimensional. Num espaço métrico, além dos próprios elementos armazenados existe apenas uma função de comparação métrica entre pares de objetos. Neste trabalho, são propostas novas podas de espaço de busca e o algoritmo RkNN-MG que utiliza essas novas podas para solucionar o problema de consultas RkNN exatas em espaços métricos sem limitações. Toda a proposta supõe que o conjunto de dados esta em um espaço métrico imerso isometricamente em espaço euclidiano e utiliza propriedades da geometria métrica válida neste espaço para realizar podas eficientes por lei dos cossenos combinada com as podas tradicionais por desigualdade triangular. Os experimentos demonstram comparativamente que as novas podas são mais eficientes que as tradicionais podas por desigualdade triangular, tendo desempenhos equivalente quando comparadas em conjuntos de alta dimensionalidade ou com dimensão fractal alta. Assim, os resultados confirmam as novas podas propostas como soluções alternativas eficientes para o problema de consultas RkNN / Data stored in large databases present an ever increasing complexity, pressing for the development of new classes of query operators. One such class, which is enticing an increasing interest, is the so-called Similarity Queries, where the most common are the similarity range queries (\'R IND. q\') and the k-nearest neighbor queries (kNN). A k-nearest neighbor query aims at retrieving the k stored elements nearer (or more similar) to a given reference element. Another important similarity query is the reverse k-nearest neighbor (RkNN), useful both for queries posed directly by the analyst and for queries that are part of more complex analysis processes. The objective of a reverse k-nearest neighbor queries is obtaining the stored elements that has the query reference element as one of their k-nearest neighbors. As the RkNN operation is a rather expensive operation, from the computational standpoint, most existing solutions only solve the query when applied over Euclidean multidimensional spaces (as these spaces also define cardinal and topological operations besides the Euclidean distance between pairs of elements) or retrieve only approximate answers, where false negatives can occur. Several applications, like the analysis of scientific, medical, engineering or financial data, require efficient and exact answers for the RkNN queries over data which is frequently represented in metric spaces, that is where no other property besides the similarity measure exists. Therefore, for applications handling metrical data, the assumption of Euclidean metric or even multidimensional data cannot be used. In this work, we propose new pruning rules based on the law of cosines, and the RkNN-MG algorithm, which uses them to solve RkNN queries in a way that is exact, faster than the existing approaches, that is not limited for any value of k, and that can be applied both over static and over dynamic datasets. The new pruning rules assume that the data set is in a metric space that can be embedded into an Euclidean space and use metric geometry properties valid in this space to perform effective pruning based on the law of cosines combined with the traditional pruning based on the triangle inequality property. The experiments show that the new pruning rules are alkways more efficient than the traditional pruning rules based solely on the triangle inequality. The experiments show that for high high dimensionality datasets, or for metric datasets with high fractal dimensionality, the performance improvement is smaller than for for lower dimensioinality datasets, but it\'s never worse. Thus, the results confirm that the our pruning rules are efficient alternative to solve RkNN queries in general

Este projeto tem como objetivo central analisar a formação da coleção latino-americana do Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova York (MoMA), entre 1931 e 1943, buscando entender as relações entre política e cultura. Essas balizas cronológicas se abrem com a primeira exposição do pintor mexicano, Diego Rivera, ocorrida em 1931, e se fecham com a primeira exposição coletiva de artistas da América Latina no MoMA, em 1943. Por meio da análise do extenso catálogo publicado sobre a coleção, pretendemos acompanhar a sua criação e os principais atores envolvidos nesse empreendimento. Pensamos que o texto tinha a finalidade de justificar artisticamente a formação da coleção e de mostrar uma determinada visão sobre a arte da América Latina. Entendemos que a coleção está conectada com as perspectivas da chamada Política da Boa Vizinhança, que marcou as relações entre os Estados Unidos e os países da América Latina nesse período. / This dissertation aims to analyze the making of the Latin American Collection of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, between 1931 and 1943, emphasizing the relationship between politics and culture. It begins with the first exhibition of a Mexican artist, Diego Rivera, at the Museum, which took place in 1931, and it ends with the first exhibition of Latin America artists in 1943. Our main source is the extensive catalog of the collection that presents the actors and the ideas involved in the project. The relevance of the collection is connected to the so called Good Neighbor Policy, which designed the international relations between the United States and the countries of Latin America in the period between 1933 and 1945.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ibere Moreno Rosario e Barros.pdf: 3539715 bytes, checksum: bf4a006b200b3253afd7f4cfba9ac5b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research analyzes the representation of the american soldiers as an image of the role model to the latin-americans. In this perspective, that the speech presented in the texts and images of the analyzed publication is part of the Good Neighbor Policy, it can be disclosed in the debate around the representation transmited and the internal influences that build it. The investigation arrises from the observation of the 48 editions of Em Guarda, the magazine published between 1941 and 1945, by the Office of the Coordinatior of Inter American Affairs. Starting from a quantitative analysis, in which it was identified the relapses, some of the editions were picked, based on the soldiers thematic, and the texts and imagens were put under a qualitative analysis. Understanding that this soldiers were presented as Heros-Citizen-Soldiers, the work focused on the debate of this concept, from the founding myth of being americans, and as a reference to the image of the cowboy. By this measures, its possible to understand some process and intentions of the americanization of the continent / Esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar a representação dos soldados americanos como a imagem de indivíduo modelar para os latino-americanos. Dentro da perspectiva de que o discurso apresentado na publicação analisada, tanto das imagens como dos textos, é parte da Política de Boa Vizinhança, pode-se desdobrar sobre a representação transmitida e as influências internas que a construíram. A problematização surge a partir observação das 48 edições da revista Em Guarda, produzida entre 1941 e 1945, pelo Office of the Coordinator of Inter American Affairs. A partir de uma análise quantitativa, na qual foram identificadas as reincidências, realizou-se uma seleção e uma análise qualitativa das imagens e textos então categorizados como parte da temática do soldado. Compreendendo que esses soldados são apresentados como Heróis-Soldados-Cidadãos, passou-se a trabalhar com o conceito, retomando questões desde os mitos fundadores do ser americano, se centrando na imagem do cowboy. Possibilita-se assim a compreensão de alguns pontos dos processos e das intenções da americanização por todo o continente

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celia Marilda Smarjassi.pdf: 1997291 bytes, checksum: e511fb4008394bf18803b71d7d80429b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation presents a study on the Parable of the Good Samaritan with Paul Ricoeur s philosophical reflections as its theoretical reference. The methodology adopted in order to pursue the investigation relied upon a theoretical and empirically exploratory research, using interviews as means of investigation. The study has been divided in five chapters. The first two chapters are devoted to the presentation of Paul Ricoeur s intellectual profile and his philosophical and biblical hermeneutic theories, the latest applied to the parable genre. Once the presentation of both the author and his theories is completed, there is an analysis of the parable through a five sided approach. First, there is an exegetical analysis. Then, there is an attempt at interpreting the narrative from the author s biblical hermeneutics point of view. Subsequently, it is the philosophical reading of the narrative as proposed by the author in his essay on the socius and the neighbor that is brought into light. Exteriorizing the popular meaning of the parable and the nature of the concept of neighbor that Christians have elaborated in present times within a specific group of subjects represents the fourth side of the proposed approach to the study of the parable. Through the subjects views one may conclude that Ricoeur s critical interpretation presents the researcher with valuable tools, once it leads to re-thinking all solutions or comprehensions about one s neighbor, in a way that is not strictly restricted to a naïve interpretation of the narrative but that leans towards a more solid scientific construction. Finally the fifth side of the proposed approach to the study of the parable refers to a reflection on the matter of evil, as it is presented in the narrative. At this moment, the study s aim is to establish the clear relation between the essay on the socius and the neighbor , in which the author presents a radically philosophical reading of the narrative, and his reflections on evil and its ontological and practical tendencies as traced in his work Evil: A Challenge to Philosophy and Theology. At this point of the investigation Ricoeur s thoughts on his small ethics are presented. Therefore, it can be concluded that both reflections, on evil and on small ethics, are relevant to the comprehension of said parable and to the neighbor-socius dialectics / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da Parábola do Bom Samaritano tomando a reflexão filosófica de Paul Ricoeur como referencial teórico. A metodologia adotada para a execução da investigação contou com uma pesquisa teórica e empírica exploratória, utilizando a entrevista como instrumento de investigação. O estudo desenvolve-se em cinco capítulos. Os dois primeiros capítulos da tese são consagrados à apresentação do perfil intelectual de Paul Ricoeur e de sua teoria hermenêutica filosófica e bíblica, sendo esta última aplicada ao gênero parábola. Feita a apresentação do autor e de sua teoria, segue-se uma análise da parábola em estudo a partir de cinco abordagens. Primeiro, efetua-se uma análise exegética. Em seguida, procede-se um trabalho de interpretação da narrativa a partir da hermenêutica bíblica do autor. Posteriormente, resgata-se a leitura filosófica que o autor faz da narrativa no ensaio sobre o socius e o próximo . Exteriorizar o sentido popular da parábola em uma amostra específica e a natureza do conceito de próximo que o homem cristão tem elaborado na atualidade representa a quarta abordagem do estudo sobre a parábola. Com a amostragem sobre a leitura popular, conclui-se que a interpretação crítica de Ricoeur oferece pistas valiosas no sentido de se instigar a repensar todas as saídas e ou compreensões sobre o próximo de modo que não se restrinja a uma interpretação ingênua da narrativa, mas a uma construção cientificamente mais sólida. Finalmente, a quinta abordagem de estudo sobre a parábola refere-se a uma reflexão sobre a questão do mal presente na narrativa. Neste momento, busca-se explicitar a relação entre o ensaio o socius e o próximo em que o autor faz uma leitura radicalmente filosófica da narrativa e a sua reflexão sobre o mal com seu encaminhamento ontológico e prático traçado na obra O mal. Um desafio à Filosofia e à Teologia. Nesse ponto da investigação, é introduzido o pensamento de Ricoeur sobre sua pequena ética. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a reflexão sobre o mal e sobre a pequena ética é relevante para a compreensão desta parábola e para a dialética próximo-socius

Cette thèse aborde le problème de la recherche d'images à grande échelle. Pour aborder la recherche d'images à grande échelle, il est nécessaire de coder des images avec des représentations compactes qui peuvent être efficacement utilisées pour comparer des images de manière significative. L'obtention d'une telle représentation compacte peut se faire soit en comprimant des représentations efficaces de grande dimension, soit en apprenant des représentations compactes de bout en bout. Le travail de cette thèse explore et avance dans ces deux directions. Dans notre première contribution, nous étendons les approches de quantification vectorielle structurée telles que la quantification de produit en proposant une représentation somme pondérée de codewords. Nous testons et vérifions les avantages de notre approche pour la recherche approximative du plus proche voisin sur les caractéristiques d'image locales et globales, ce qui est un moyen important d'aborder la recherche d'images à grande échelle. L'apprentissage de la représentation compacte pour la recherche d'images a récemment attiré beaucoup d'attention avec diverses approches basées sur le hachage profond proposées. Dans de telles approches, les réseaux de neurones convolutifs profonds apprennent à coder des images en codes binaires compacts. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une approche d'apprentissage supervisé profond pour la représentation binaire structurée qui rappelle une approche de quantification vectorielle structurée telle que PQ. Notre approche bénéficie de la recherche asymétrique par rapport aux approches de hachage profond et apporte une nette amélioration de la précision de la recherche au même débit binaire. L'index inversé est une autre partie importante du système de recherche à grande échelle en dehors de la représentation compacte. À cette fin, nous étendons nos idées pour l'apprentissage de la représentation compacte supervisée pour la construction d'index inversés. Dans ce travail, nous abordons l'indexation inversée avec un apprentissage approfondi supervisé et essayons d'unifier l'apprentissage de l'indice inversé et de la représentation compacte. Nous évaluons minutieusement toutes les méthodes proposées sur divers ensembles de données accessibles au public. Nos méthodes surpassent ou sont compétitives avec l'état de l'art. / This thesis addresses the problem of large-scale image search. To tackle image search at large scale, it is required to encode images with compact representations which can be efficiently employed to compare images meaningfully. Obtaining such compact representation can be done either by compressing effective high dimensional representations or by learning compact representations in an end-to-end manner. The work in this thesis explores and advances in both of these directions. In our first contribution, we extend structured vector quantization approaches such as Product Quantization by proposing a weighted codeword sum representation. We test and verify the benefits of our approach for approximate nearest neighbor search on local and global image features which is an important way to approach large scale image search. Learning compact representation for image search recently got a lot of attention with various deep hashing based approaches being proposed. In such approaches, deep convolutional neural networks are learned to encode images into compact binary codes. In this thesis we propose a deep supervised learning approach for structured binary representation which is a reminiscent of structured vector quantization approaches such as PQ. Our approach benefits from asymmetric search over deep hashing approaches and gives a clear improvement for search accuracy at the same bit-rate. Inverted index is another important part of large scale search system apart from the compact representation. To this end, we extend our ideas for supervised compact representation learning for building inverted indexes. In this work we approach inverted indexing with supervised deep learning and make an attempt to unify the learning of inverted index and compact representation. We thoroughly evaluate all the proposed methods on various publicly available datasets. Our methods either outperform, or are competitive with the state-of-the-art.

Este projeto tem como objetivo central analisar a formação da coleção latino-americana do Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova York (MoMA), entre 1931 e 1943, buscando entender as relações entre política e cultura. Essas balizas cronológicas se abrem com a primeira exposição do pintor mexicano, Diego Rivera, ocorrida em 1931, e se fecham com a primeira exposição coletiva de artistas da América Latina no MoMA, em 1943. Por meio da análise do extenso catálogo publicado sobre a coleção, pretendemos acompanhar a sua criação e os principais atores envolvidos nesse empreendimento. Pensamos que o texto tinha a finalidade de justificar artisticamente a formação da coleção e de mostrar uma determinada visão sobre a arte da América Latina. Entendemos que a coleção está conectada com as perspectivas da chamada Política da Boa Vizinhança, que marcou as relações entre os Estados Unidos e os países da América Latina nesse período. / This dissertation aims to analyze the making of the Latin American Collection of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, between 1931 and 1943, emphasizing the relationship between politics and culture. It begins with the first exhibition of a Mexican artist, Diego Rivera, at the Museum, which took place in 1931, and it ends with the first exhibition of Latin America artists in 1943. Our main source is the extensive catalog of the collection that presents the actors and the ideas involved in the project. The relevance of the collection is connected to the so called Good Neighbor Policy, which designed the international relations between the United States and the countries of Latin America in the period between 1933 and 1945.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Esta dissertaÃÃo à sobre a forma como prÃticas policiais sÃo forjadas com base nos contextos situacionais locais do patrulhamento ostensivo da PM no CearÃ. Procuro articular a produÃÃo das prÃticas policiais com as interaÃÃes e relaÃÃes mantidas entre polÃcia e populaÃÃo de bairros considerados âproblemÃticosâ, em alusÃo ao grande contingente de ocorrÃncias policiais incididas no local. Especial atenÃÃo à dada à tessitura conflituosa que permeia a execuÃÃo do âserviÃo de ruaâ pelos PMs. Tal dimensÃo alimenta a produÃÃo de prÃticas reflexivas e manobras morais mediadas pelas maneiras de fazer, ver e dizer dos PMs e moradores da Zona de Policiamento Noir, nome fictÃcio adotado para uma Ãrea de OperaÃÃes (AO) do programa de policiamento Ronda do QuarteirÃo em Juazeiro do Norte - CE. A polÃcia à investigada, aqui, sob uma perspectiva etnogrÃfica, objetivando descrever e analisar as dinÃmicas relacionais da vida social dos policiais e moradores com base na implicaÃÃo do patrulhamento ostensivo, realizado abordo de uma das Viaturas do Programa de Policiamento Ronda do QuarteirÃo em Juazeiro do Norte - CE, no cotidiano do local. Este recorte construiu-se com base na minha participaÃÃo abordo da viatura junto aos PMs do referido programa durante a realizaÃÃo do patrulhamento da Ãrea no perÃodo de 2011 à 2013. Os dados, produzidos na etnografia, explicitaram os processos atrelados Ãs dinÃmicas relacionais de polÃcia e populaÃÃo, desencadeadas pela circulaÃÃo da polÃcia diuturnamente nos bairros, convertidos em Ãrea de operaÃÃes, durante a realizaÃÃo do patrulhamento. HÃ, aqui, a abertura para pensar as formas como a polÃcia realiza seu trabalho a partir das especificidades locais e como os moradores, a partir de seus contextos, acionam a PM em suas tramas cotidianas atravÃs dos chamados realizados à polÃcia. A etnografia explora como estas relaÃÃes estÃo permeadas por disputas agonÃsticas, relaÃÃes de poder reificadas por zonas de penumbras entre a legalidade e a ilegalidade construindo reciprocidades conflituosas entre polÃcia e populaÃÃo. / This dissertation is about how police practices are forged based on local situational contexts of Military Police (PM) ostensive patrolling in CearÃ, Brazil. I analyze how the production of police practices are linked to the interactions and relationships maintained between police and population of neighborhoods considered âproblematicâ, in allusion to the large contingent of police occurrences in the place. Special attention is given to the conflictual network that permeates the execution of âstreets patrolâ by PMs. This dimension influences the production of reflective practices and moral maneuvers mediated ways of making, seeing and saying of the PMs and residents of âZona de Policiamento Noirâ, fictitious name adopted for the Area of Operations (AO) of the policing program âRonda do QuarteirÃoâ in the Juazeiro do Norte city. The police are investigated here under an ethnographic perspective, aiming to describe and analyze the relational dynamics of police and residents in social life based on the implication of the ostensive patrolling performed aboard one of the Policing Program Cars âRonda do QuarteirÃoâ in Juazeiro do Norte City, in everyday life in the place. This focus was built based on my participation on board the vehicle with the PMs of this program during the course of patrols in the area in the period 2011 to 2013. The data produced from the ethnography clarified the processes linked to the possibilities of relationships between police and residents, triggered by the police daily presence in the neighborhoods, converted into an area of operations, while performing patrols. There is, here, the opening to think about the ways police work from local specificities and how residents, from their contexts, request the police in their everyday plots performed through reports at police. The ethnography explores how these relationships are permeated by agonistic disputes, power relations reified by zones of shadows between legality and illegality building conflictive reciprocity between police and population.

Although Walt Disney's early animated feature films were successful, a variety of economic, operational, and external forces required him to continually be on the cutting edge of new ideas and technologies in order for his studio to continue operations. Latin America became the studio's source of inspiration in the early 1940s, sprouting from Walt Disney's involvement with the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs. Saludos Amigos and The Three Caballeros were the result. While many critics have decried Disney's involvement in Latin America as being an apparatus of cultural imperialism and economic exploitation, they almost universally give him credit for his pursuit of cultural authenticity within the films. They are, however, sparing in what ways such was done and are reticent in declaring that he fulfilled that quest. As one who was involved politically and economically in the shaping of a nation, with his enterprise benefiting as a result, Walt Disney can in fact be seen as a colonial, imperial power. Within Brazil, José Carioca was the "monument" he erected to that end. Unlike full-fledged colonial figures in earlier centuries, however, his "monument" was overall friendly and was not based on the image of a sovereign leader, but a character that was intended to be seen as native. Where Disney was bound by the interests of the government he represented, and consequentially the Brazilian government, his "monument" was imbued with hues that were inherently skewed toward those entities; however, he worked within those parameters to present a credible image. This thesis seeks to substantiate those ways and how the original monument-like figure Disney erected in the Brazilian public square, the image of José Carioca in Saludos Amigos and The Three Caballeros, led to unity—and not division—as most imperial monuments had done in earlier centuries. A possible explanation as to how Disney's multiple nuanced iterations of the character leads to such critique of the original "monument" will also be provided.

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Customs and foreign trade regulations are made to regulate import and export activities. The majority of these regulations are applied on import procedures. The country of origin and the tariff code become important when determining the tax amount of the merchandise in importation. Anti-dumping duty is defined as a financial penalty, published by the Ministry of Economy, enforced for suspiciously low priced imports in order to protect the local industry from unfair competition. It is accrued according to tariff code and the country of origin. To avoid such an obligation in order to not to pay tax, a tariff code that is different from the original tariff code may be declared on the customs declaration which is called as &quot / Tariff Code Circumvention&quot / . To identify such misdeclarations, a physical examination of the merchandise is required. However, with limited personnel resources, the physical examination of all imported merchandise is not possible. In this study, a data mining framework is developed on Turkish customs database in order to detect &ldquo / Tariff Code Circumvention&rdquo / . For this purpose, four types of products, which are the most circumvented goods in the Turkish customs, have been chosen. First, with the help of Risk Analysis Office, the significant features are identified. Then, Infogain algorithm is used for ranking these features. Finally, KNN algorithm is applied on the Turkish customs database in order to identify the circumvented goods automatically. The results show that the framework is able to find such circumvented goods successfully.