A laminina contém peptídeos que podem ser liberados por proteólise. Nosso laboratório estuda os efeitos de peptídeos da laminina em biologia tumoral. Neste trabalho, verificamos se C16 (cadeia g1) estimularia invasão e atividade de invadopódios em células de carcinoma epidermóide (CAL27) e fibrossarcoma (HT1080). C16 promoveu aumento na taxa de invasão e atividade de invadopódios em ambas às linhagens celulares, comparado ao peptídeo controle C16SX. Microscopia em time-lapse demonstrou que C16 induz aumento na atividade de invadopódios em função do tempo. C16 estimula fosforilação de Src e ERK 1/2, e inibição da via ERK reduz invasão e atividade de invadopódios relacionados ao peptídeo. C16 conjugado à rodamina foi encontrando decorando a membrana de células CAL27, sugerindo possível interação com receptores. Diminuição dos níveis de integrina b1 reduzem atividade de invadopódios em amostras tratadas com C16. Nossos dados sugerem que C16 regula invasão e atividade de invadopódios em células CAL27 e HT1080, provavelmente por meio de Src, ERK e integrina b1. / Laminin harbors bioactive peptides released upon tumor-induced proteolysis. Our Laboratory has been studying laminin peptides effects in tumor biology. Here we addressed whether C16 (g1 chain) would regulate invasion and invadopodia activity in cell lines from squamous cell carcinoma (CAL27) and fibrosarcoma (HT1080). C16 increased invasion rate and invadopodia activity compared to control peptide (C16SX). Through time-lapse microscopy, we observed that C16 stimulated invadopodia activity overtime. We searched for signaling pathways related to peptide effects. C16 stimulated Src and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, and ERK signaling cascade inhibition decreased C16-induced invasion and invadopodia. Next, we addressed how C16 would interact with tumor cells. Rhodamine-conjugated C16 was found decorating CAL27 cell membrane, suggesting an interaction with receptors. Knockdown of b1 integrin reduced invadopodia activity of C16-treated cells. We propose that C16 regulates invasion and invadopodia activity of CAL27 and HT1080 cells through Src, ERK and b1 integrin.

A laminina contém peptídeos que podem ser liberados por proteólise. Nosso laboratório estuda os efeitos de peptídeos da laminina em biologia tumoral. Neste trabalho, verificamos se C16 (cadeia g1) estimularia invasão e atividade de invadopódios em células de carcinoma epidermóide (CAL27) e fibrossarcoma (HT1080). C16 promoveu aumento na taxa de invasão e atividade de invadopódios em ambas às linhagens celulares, comparado ao peptídeo controle C16SX. Microscopia em time-lapse demonstrou que C16 induz aumento na atividade de invadopódios em função do tempo. C16 estimula fosforilação de Src e ERK 1/2, e inibição da via ERK reduz invasão e atividade de invadopódios relacionados ao peptídeo. C16 conjugado à rodamina foi encontrando decorando a membrana de células CAL27, sugerindo possível interação com receptores. Diminuição dos níveis de integrina b1 reduzem atividade de invadopódios em amostras tratadas com C16. Nossos dados sugerem que C16 regula invasão e atividade de invadopódios em células CAL27 e HT1080, provavelmente por meio de Src, ERK e integrina b1. / Laminin harbors bioactive peptides released upon tumor-induced proteolysis. Our Laboratory has been studying laminin peptides effects in tumor biology. Here we addressed whether C16 (g1 chain) would regulate invasion and invadopodia activity in cell lines from squamous cell carcinoma (CAL27) and fibrosarcoma (HT1080). C16 increased invasion rate and invadopodia activity compared to control peptide (C16SX). Through time-lapse microscopy, we observed that C16 stimulated invadopodia activity overtime. We searched for signaling pathways related to peptide effects. C16 stimulated Src and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, and ERK signaling cascade inhibition decreased C16-induced invasion and invadopodia. Next, we addressed how C16 would interact with tumor cells. Rhodamine-conjugated C16 was found decorating CAL27 cell membrane, suggesting an interaction with receptors. Knockdown of b1 integrin reduced invadopodia activity of C16-treated cells. We propose that C16 regulates invasion and invadopodia activity of CAL27 and HT1080 cells through Src, ERK and b1 integrin.

Ph.D. / Molecular and Medical Genetics / The objective of this study is to examine, in light of the expression of multiple p53 family member isoforms, the specific role of p73 in malignant conversion, cellular response to DNA damage, and direct or indirect cooperation with other p53 family members in a clonal model of epidermal carcinogenesis. We first focused on the role of p73 in malignant conversion. Whether sporadic or siRNA induced, loss of p73 in initiated p53+/+ keratinocytes lead to conversion to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in vivo which was reversible upon reconstitution of TAp73α but not ΔNp73α. Second, we investigated the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) in the presence and absence of p73, showing that loss of p73 at malignant conversion was associated with resistance to IR in vitro. The loss of radiation sensitivity and malignant conversion was characterized by reduced steady state DNA binding levels of transcriptionally active p63 isoforms to the p21 promoter, failure to induce specific p53 family transcriptional targets, and failure to arrest in G1. Reconstitution of TAp73α, but not ΔNp73α, increased steady state DNA binding capabilities of TAp63β, TAp63γ, and ΔNp63γ, and steady state levels of p53 family target mRNA, but did not restore cellular sensitivity to IR. We thus uncovered a functional cooperation between TA isoforms of p73 and p63 and showed that p73-mediated DNA damage response was uncoupled from its tumor suppressive role. We observed preferential DNA binding of the inhibitory ΔNp63α isoform both in vitro and invivo in SCC suggesting that in the absence of TAp73α a balance is tipped toward DNA binding of the inhibitory isoforms. Third, we studied the role of the p53 family inkeratinocyte response to UVB. Tumorigenic cells lacking p73 that were resistant to IR remained sensitive to UVB, accompanied by DNA binding of the TAp63γ isoform, suggesting that keratinocyte response to UVB is not dependent upon p73 and suggesting a hierarchy of p53 family member responses to DNA damage. Finally, we examined TAp73α interaction with the p53 family inhibitor Mdm2. Mdm2 was in complex with DNA-bound p53 family members in malignant cells, but reconstitution of cells withTAp73α correlated with removal of Mdm2 from the complex, making them more like primary keratinocytes or initiated cells. Like the initiated cells, cells expressing TAp73α were refractory to treatment with the Mdm2-p53 inhibitor Nutlin-3 while cells lacking p73 expression or expressing ΔNp73α were sensitive. Thus, we suggest that p73 may be acting as a molecular shield to keep p53 family member inhibitors, such as ΔNp63α andMdm2, at bay. Further understanding of p53 family interplay in tumor development and DNA damage response could lead to new therapies or optimization of current therapeutic strategies in solid tumors of epithelium, particularly where deregulation or loss of p63 and p73 expression is associated with increased tumor invasiveness, treatment resistance, and poor patient prognosis.

Thesis (Ph.D. in Pharmacology) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-147). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;