Os carcinomas de cabeça e pescoço representam um problema na saúde pública, sendo a oitava causa no mundo de morte por câncer. A taxa de crescimento do tumor, o seu local de expansão, bem como a metástase das células cancerígenas depende muito da vascularização do tumor, sendo que esta é a responsável pelo fornecimento constante de nutrientes e de oxigênio para o crescimento tumoral. Sendo assim a angiogênese é considerada um processo essencial dentro do processo neoplásico. A avaliação dos vasos sanguíneos tumorais neoformados em carcinomas espinocelulares de boca, usando o anticorpo CD105, mostra um crescimento significativo da densidade microvascular. Baseado nestes, o objetivo do trabalho é avaliar através da imunoistoquímica a possível correlação de aumento no número de vasos sanguíneos correlacionando com diferentes grupos de processo inflamatório divididos em: pouco, moderado e intenso infiltrado inflamatório no front tumoral. Na literatura os autores de um modo geral correlacionam infiltrados inflamatórios e angiogênese, neste trabalho tentamos correlacionar se um maior ou menor infiltrado inflamatório tem influência nessa angiogênese. As lâminas foram avaliadas microscopicamente por dois profissionais de forma que eles não sabiam da classificação dada pelo outro e só quando ambos estavam em comum acordo essas lâminas foram classificadas. Para a análise estatística foi realizado a comparação múltipla entre os 03 grupos através da Análise de variância (comparação das três médias) e também o teste de Tukey, onde se observou diferença entre os grupos I e III e nos grupos II e III, porém entre os grupos I e II não houve diferença significativa. Com isso os resultados nos mostram uma correlação positiva entre a presença de maior quantidade de vasos sanguíneos, onde se encontra maior quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório, quando comparado com áreas de menor infiltrado inflamatório. / Carcinomas of the head and neck represent a public health problem, being the eighth leading cause of worldwide cancer deaths. The growth rate of the tumor, its location expansion and metastasis of cancer cells depends greatly on tumor vascularity, and this is responsible for the constant supply of oxygen and nutrients for tumor growth. Thus angiogenesis is considered an essential process within the neoplastic process. The evaluation of newly formed tumor blood vessels in oral squamous cell carcinoma using the CD105 antibody, shows a significant increase in microvascular density. Based on these, the goal is to evaluate by immunohistochemistry the possible correlation of an increased number of blood vessels correlate with different groups of inflammatory process divided into: minor, moderate and intense inflammatory infiltrate in the tumor front. In the literature, authors generally correlated angiogenesis and inflammatory infiltrates, in this work we try to correlate to a greater or lesser inflammatory infiltrate that affects angiogenesis. The slides were evaluated microscopically by two professionals so that they did not know the rating given by others and only when both were in agreement these slides were classified. For statistical analysis, the multiple comparisons between the three groups was performed by analysis of variance (comparison of three average) and also the Tukey test, where a difference was observed between groups I and III and groups II and III, but between groups I and II significativa.Com that there was no difference in the results show a positive correlation between the presence of a larger amount of blood vessels, where it is most inflammatory infiltrate when compared to areas of lesser amounts of inflammation.

<p>Angiogenesis is necessary for the growth and spread of solid tumors. In these studies angiogenesis was measured in childhood malignancies in general and in Wilms’ tumor in particular, and cutting needle biopsy (CNB) specimens were evaluated for diagnosis in childhood renal tumors. </p><p>In 33 patients with Wilms’ tumor, tumor capillaries were quantified, expression of angiogenic growth factors in tumor tissue investigated, and concentrations of angiogenic growth factors in serum measured. Reference values for angiogenic growth factors were obtained in 80 healthy adults (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2], vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGF-A]) and 94 healthy children (angiogenin [ANG], epidermal growth factor [EGF], FGF-2, hepatocyte growth factor [HGF], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFA] and VEGF-A) aged 0.5-18 years. These reference values were compared with values in sera taken at diagnosis in 268 children with tumors and leukemias. CNB specimens were evaluated in 25 children with renal tumors.</p><p>A large number of capillaries was an independent prognostic factor for a poor outcome in Wilms’ tumor. Angiogenic growth factors were expressed in Wilms’ tumor tissue, and elevated concentrations of HGF and VEGF-A were found in both benign and malignant tumors. HGF was increased in leukemia, and TNFA was increased in leukemia, lymphoma and neuroblastoma. CNB, which proved to be a safe procedure, had a sensitivity of 76%. </p><p>These studies have demonstrated that quantification of capillaries is a prognostic factor in Wilms’ tumor and that HGF, TNFA and VEGF-A are frequently elevated in sera from children with cancer. Quantification of capillaries in tumor tissue and of circulating angiogenic growth factors would therefore seem to be of clinical relevance in managing children with cancer.</p>

Angiogenesis is necessary for the growth and spread of solid tumors. In these studies angiogenesis was measured in childhood malignancies in general and in Wilms’ tumor in particular, and cutting needle biopsy (CNB) specimens were evaluated for diagnosis in childhood renal tumors. In 33 patients with Wilms’ tumor, tumor capillaries were quantified, expression of angiogenic growth factors in tumor tissue investigated, and concentrations of angiogenic growth factors in serum measured. Reference values for angiogenic growth factors were obtained in 80 healthy adults (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2], vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGF-A]) and 94 healthy children (angiogenin [ANG], epidermal growth factor [EGF], FGF-2, hepatocyte growth factor [HGF], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFA] and VEGF-A) aged 0.5-18 years. These reference values were compared with values in sera taken at diagnosis in 268 children with tumors and leukemias. CNB specimens were evaluated in 25 children with renal tumors. A large number of capillaries was an independent prognostic factor for a poor outcome in Wilms’ tumor. Angiogenic growth factors were expressed in Wilms’ tumor tissue, and elevated concentrations of HGF and VEGF-A were found in both benign and malignant tumors. HGF was increased in leukemia, and TNFA was increased in leukemia, lymphoma and neuroblastoma. CNB, which proved to be a safe procedure, had a sensitivity of 76%. These studies have demonstrated that quantification of capillaries is a prognostic factor in Wilms’ tumor and that HGF, TNFA and VEGF-A are frequently elevated in sera from children with cancer. Quantification of capillaries in tumor tissue and of circulating angiogenic growth factors would therefore seem to be of clinical relevance in managing children with cancer.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Feb. 9, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Carmen Silvia Passos Lima / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T13:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lourenco_GustavoJacob_M.pdf: 17814526 bytes, checksum: 4b05f16607bfec15eee0533ac8440e33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A angiogênese é um importante processo para o desenvolvimento e progressão do câncer de mama esporádico (CME). Há evidências de que as células tumorais podem produzirproteínas antiangiogènicas como a endostatina (ES). A ES é codificada pelo gene COL18A1. Recentemente, um polimorfismo do gene COL18A1, o D104N, foi associado ao aumento do risco de ocorrência do adenocarcinoma de próstata. Considerando que não há descrições sobre a influência do polimorfismo D104N na susceptibilidade ao CME, este foi definido como o objetivo do estudo. Assim, o DNA genômico de 181 mulheres com CME e 448 controles foi analisado por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase e digestão enzimática com a enzima Msél. O método ELISA foi utilizado para a quantificação da ES sérica de 118 pacientes com CME e 158 controles. As amostras dos controles estiveram no Equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg (X = 2,15; P= 0,14). Em contraste, as amostras das pacientes não confirmaram a expectativa de Hardy-Weinberg no lócus D104N do gene COL18A1 (X2= 22,87; P< 0,0001). Observamos que a freqüência do polimorfismo 104NN foi maior em pacientes do que em controles (2,8% vs 0,0%; respectivamente). Os indivíduos com o genótipo NN apresentaram um risco infinitamente maior de ocorrência da doença do que aqueles com os outros genótipos (P= 0,003). As freqüências do polimorfismo 104NN foram similares em pacientes estratificados por variáveis clínicas (idade, raça, idades da menarca, menopausa, da primeira gestação a termo, lactação, terapia de reposição hormonal e hábito de fumar) e laboratoriais (histologia, graus histológico e nuclear, padrão dos receptores de estrogênio e progesterona e estágio TNM do tumor). A mediana das concentrações da ES foi maior em pacientes do que em controles (P< 0,001). Valores similares foram encontrados em pacientes (P> 0,759) e controles (P= 0,535) estratificados por genótipos. Os nossos resultados sugerem que o polimorfismo 104NN do gene COL18A1 está associado à susceptibilidade do CME, possivelmente devido à anormalidade funcional da proteína. / Abstract: Angiogenesis is an important step in sporadic breast cancer (SBC) development and progression There is evidence that neoplastic cells play a role in the generation of endogenous antiangiogenic proteins, such as endostatin (ES). ES is codified by the COL18A1 gene. Recently, a COL18A1 polymorphism (D104N) was associated with increased risk for the prostatic adenocarcinoma. Considering that it is unknown whether the D104N polymorphism of the COL18A1 gene alters the risk for SBC, this was the aim of this study. Thus, genomic DNA from peripheral blood of 181 SBC women and 448 controls were analysed using the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction endonuclease digestion with Msel. ELISA for quantification of ES was performed in serum from 118 SBC woman and 158 controls. Controls' samples were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (X2= 2.15, P= 0.14). In contrast, patients' samples did not confirm the Hardy-Weinberg expectations at the D104N locus (X2= 22.87, P< 0.0001). We observed a higher frequency of 104NN polymorphism in SBC patients than in controls (2.8% vs 0.0%, respectively). Individuals with the 104NN polymorphism had an infinite risk for disease (P= 0.003) when compared with those with other genotypes. The frequencies of the 104NN polymorphism were similar in patients stratified by clinical (age, ethnical origin, ages of menarche, menopause, first full-term pregnancy, lactation, hormone replacement therapy, and smoke habit) and laboratory variables (tumour histology, histological and nuclear grades, status of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and stage TNM of the tumour). The median values of ES was higher in patients than in controls (P< 0.001). Similar median values of ES were seen among patients (P> 0 759) and controls (P= 0.535) stratified by genotypes However, differences in clinical and laboratory manifestation and levels of ES may not have reached statistical significance due to the small number of individuals with the 104N allele, enrolled in study. Our results suggest that the 104NN genotype of the COLI8AI gene is associated with SBC susceptibility, possibly due to an abnormal ES function. / Mestrado / Clinica Medica / Mestre em Clinica Medica