Modern distributed applications utilize a rich variety of distributed services. Due to the computation-centric notions of modern machines, application-level implementations of these services are problematic for applications requiring high data transfer rates, for reasons that include the inability of modern architectures to efficiently execute computations with communication. Conversely,network-level implementations of services are limited due to the network's inability to interpret application-level data or execute application-level operations on such data. The emergence of programmable network processors capable of high-rate data transfers, with flexible interfaces for external reconfiguration, has created new possibilities for movement of processing into the network infrastructure. This thesis explores the extent to which programmable network processors can be used in conjunction with standard host nodes, to form enhanced computational host-ANP (Attached Network Processor) platforms that can deliver increased efficiency for variety of applications and services. The main contributions of this research are the creation of SPLITS, a Software architecture for Programmable LIghtweighT Stream handling, and its key abstraction stream handlers. SPLITS enables the dynamic configuration of data paths through the host-ANP nodes, and the dynamic creation, deployment and reconfiguration of application-level processing applied along these paths. With SPLITS, application-specific services can be dynamically mapped to the host, ANP, or both, to best exploit their joint capabilities. The basic abstraction used by SPLITS to represent instances of application-specific activities are stream handlers - parameterizable, lightweight, computation units that operate on data headers as well as application-level content. Experimental results demonstrate performance gains of executing various application-level services on ANPs, and demonstrate the importance of the SPLITS host-ANP nodes to support dynamically reconfigurable services, and to deal with the resource limitations on the ANPs.

Web browsing via Wi-Fi wireless access networks has become a basic function on a variety of consumer mobile electronic devices, such as smart phones, PDAs, and the Apple iPad. It has been found that in terms of energy consumption, wireless communications/networking plays an important role in mobile devices. Since the power-saving mode (PSM) of the IEEE 802.11 a/b/g standard is not tailored for the HTTP protocol, we propose a novel power saving scheme that exploits the characteristics of web applications. After sending HTTP requests, the proposed power saving scheme updates the estimated value of RTT based on the information contained in the TCP timestamp header field. Next, the proposed scheme adjusts the value of the listening period based on the estimated value of RTT. When all TCP connections have been closed, the wireless network card could enter the deep-sleeping mode. In this case, the value of the listening period could be larger than one second, since the user is reading the webpage and is unlikely to send another HTTP request within one second. The usage of the deep-sleeping mode can significantly reduce the power consumption of mobile devices.

In this dissertation, we propose a circuit design and implementation of physical layer for FlexRay-based automotive communication systems which are expected to be widely used in car electronics for the years to come. To reduce the volume of electrical lines in a car and ensure safe connections, the automotive communication systems are more important than ever. FlexRay systems have been deemed as better than other existing solutions for the complicated in-vehicle networks. A low-voltage differential-signaling-like transmitter is proposed to drive the twisted pair of the FlexRay bus. Furthermore, a three-comparator scheme is used to carry out bit slicing and state recognition at the receiver end. A prototype system as well as a chip implemented by using a typical 0.18 £gm single-poly six-metal CMOS process is reported in this dissertation. Furthermore, an accurate clock signal is required in any control system, especially in the vehicle applications, where the ¡§safety¡¨ is the top priority. Because of the TDMA strategy (Time Division Multiple Access) was chosen for the FlexRay communication protocol, the system clock should not be drifting too much. A robust 20 MHz clock generator with process, supply voltage, and temperature compensation and a low-jitter 80 MHz phase-lock loop are proposed in this dissertation to reduce hostile environment effects. Finally, because the ¡§safety¡¨ and ¡§reliability¡¨ are top design requirements in the automobile electronics, we should also focus on the power supply design in the in-car communication networks. Therefore, a high tolerant and high efficiency voltage converter is proposed in this dissertation. By utilizing stacked power MOSFETs, a voltage level converter, a detector and a controller, this design is realized by a typical CMOS process without any thick-oxide device to tolerate input voltage range up to 3 times of the VDD voltage.

With the smart handheld devices and the rapid development of network applications, data exchange between devices as the first problem. There are many ways the information can be transmitted from one end to the other end, but which one is the best way? This paper examines several common data package method, compare their features, advantages and disadvantages, and to test the effectiveness of the data package, the size of data packaged, the package needed time. In order to prove the practicality of packages, designed a "file synchronization system," using Protocol Buffer as data exchange formats, implementing the Android system.

Ever since the virtual community boom that aroused by Facebook, almost every industry began to take interest in starting their own Facebook Page. Armstrong & Hagel III(1996) indicated that virtual community breaks the balance of commercial trade by giving the customers more power, while at the same time helps the industry to deepen and broaden their customer relationship, making those who are good at using the new power of customer benefits from it. That is to say that in the free market of internet, minority market can be served more easily and effectively, while the majority market has gradually become the market combination of several niches (Chris A., 2006).Virtual community also changed the business rule, allowing the small enterprise to challenge the big ones (Armstrong & Hagel III,1996). This study tries to find out the common and unique business patterns by doing research study and categorizing the current usage of Facebook Page, so the managers can have a reference to adjust their method accordingly, and so further study can be build upon it. In this rising boom of virtual community, what are the strategies behind it? Can those strategies really attract the fans to the Facebook page and allow the fans to participate in it? Observation method was adopted in this research to analyze the Facebook page in Taiwan. Data were collected according to different trades, in order to analyze how the four motivations: information, assistance, recreation and social interaction work in the virtual community. The unique strategy and its affect will be discussed, and relative studies will be reviewed to see if there is a better way to attract the attention of the fans. This study shows that there are unique strategies adopted in different trades for the difference of the fans, and there are improvement needed in those business patterns. As the conclusion, four advices are raised in this study: increase the searching accessibility, provide complete data, adopt the link of Facebook Page wisely, and appropriate article length. So the managers can have a reference to adjust their method accordingly, and so further study can be build upon it.

The reliability of networking and communication systems is vital for the nation's economy and security. Optical and cellular networks have become a critical infrastructure and are indispensable in emergency situations. This dissertation outlines methods for analyzing such infrastructures in the presence of catastrophic failures, such as a hurricane, as well as accidental failures of one or more components. Additionally, it presents a method for protecting against the loss of a single link in a multicast network along with a technique that enables wireless clients to efficiently recover lost data sent by their source through collaborative information exchange. Analysis of a network's reliability during a natural disaster can be assessed by simulating the conditions in which it is expected to perform. This dissertation conducts the analysis of a cellular infrastructure in the aftermath of a hurricane through Monte-Carlo sampling and presents alternative topologies which reduce resulting loss of calls. While previous research on restoration mechanisms for large-scale networks has mostly focused on handling the failures of single network elements, this dissertation examines the sampling methods used for simulating multiple failures. We present a quick method of nding a lower bound on a network's data loss through enumeration of possible cuts as well as an efficient method of nding a tighter lower bound through genetic algorithms leveraging the niching technique. Mitigation of data losses in a multicast network can be achieved by adding redundancy and employing advanced coding techniques. By using Maximum Rank Distance (MRD) codes at the source, a provider can create a parity packet which is e ectively linearly independent from the source packets such that all packets may be transmitted through the network using the network coding technique. This allows all sinks to recover all of the original data even with the failure of an edge within the network. Furthermore, this dissertation presents a method that allows a group of wireless clients to cooperatively recover from erasures (e.g., due to failures) by using the index coding techniques.

Effects of globalization transform the forms of relations between settlements and it also changed the relations between capital and labor. In this global era performances of individual settlements became crucial in the absence of old hierarchic boundaries. But individual performances of settlements are not enough to integrate the global system. A New type of spatial organization appeared which is called networking to enhance complementary and cooperative relations crucial for synergy. The spatial reflexions of this transformation process are city regions. This study aims to determine the factors affecting economic performance and networking patterns of settlements in Antalya Region with the use of quantitative research methods.

The objective of this study is to apply Computer-generated imagery for knowledge and skills in daily life. There are some Computer-generated imagery study on traditional education training; however, fewer professional image processing courses of Synchronous Learning Networking are carried out in practice. The feasibility of using lecture video or practice on line in teaching Computer-generated imagery concepts is important. How do teachers examine students¡¦ performance and make good use of Synchronous Learning Networking? In this study, we will propose the following dimensions to discuss: (1) the difference on Computer-generated imagery between Synchronous Learning Networking and traditional teaching (2) the difficulty on Computer-generated imagery when teaching and learning (3) how to make better performance on Computer-generated imagery under Synchronous Learning Networking. Comparative Case Study is conducted at Tainan Training Center and LMS (Learning Management System) of K12 digital school for the adults who actively study Computer-generated imagery by the means of traditional learning and E-learning. We put Computer-generated imagery under traditional teaching and Synchronous Learning Networking, and we make questionnaires for examining the detailed factors regarding to the performance of Computer-generated imagery.The results indicates that lecture on Synchronous Learning Networking is something about practice on line, whiteboard, slides show, top desk share and homepage browse with office hours and paper work in replace of real discussion. Sometimes teachers and students are meeting the information and interaction delay under Synchronous Learning Networking. Therefore, we are offering seven suggestions to get Computer-generated imagery under Synchronous Learning Networking improved: (1) Teachers suggest that the standard of hardware and Net environment is required. (2) Students should develop active attitude for learning under Synchronous Learning Networking. (3) Teachers should perform on line teaching and stream video is auxiliary. (4) Multiple material for the topic is available for students to choose and adjust their learning model. (5) Dividing into groups is not good for teaching and office hour or guest board is much better for discussion and interaction. (6) Teachers should create new Computer-generated imagery courses to inspire students¡¦ motivation. (7) Continued materials and platform for students to review and interact are required.

Ce document décrit les méthodes de compilation et d'exécution pour la génération automatique de code distribué par distribution de données.

Les systèmes pair-à-pair décentralisés mettent en relation un grand nombre d'utilisateurs pour mutualiser des ressources dans un environnement dynamique. Les applications de ces systèmes vont du partage de fichiers à la téléphonie par Internet, en passant par la décentralisation de services comme les DNS. Afin de limiter les ressources nécessaires, chaque recherche doit transmettre les messages rapidement et contrôler le nombre de messages dans le réseau. C'est pourquoi cette thèse s'intéresse au routage et à l'interconnexion nécessaire pour assurer ce routage.Dans la première partie, je présente un état de l'art des différents systèmes existants. J'y détaille la problématique générale et les caractéristiques des différentes classes de systèmes pair-à-pair. La seconde partie traite des réseaux à contenu adressable, qui permettent d'assurer un routage avec des bornes sur le nombre de sauts des requêtes et la charge par noeud. J'y expose d'abord les différents réseaux à contenu adressable existants. Je présente ensuite un nouveau protocole, D2B, dont je prouve en particulier qu'il améliore la charge par noeud tout en assurant un nombre de sauts et un degré faible. Je détaille enfin une liste d'optimisations applicables aux réseaux à contenu adressable en général, ou à D2B en particulier. Dans la troisième partie, je récapitule les principaux travaux qui tirent parti des communautés d'utilisateurs d'une part, et ceux qui exploitent la structure de loi de puissance de l'autre. Je présente ensuite ma seconde contribution, QRE, qui exploite efficacement à la fois ces deux caractéristiques des échanges: agrégats en communautés et loi de puissance.