This dissertation explores how people maintain, change, make, and remake their relations with certain places in a long process of displacement. Based on the life experiences of the reservoir relocatees who live in or pass through Xingang, the major pier of Xinfengjiang Reservoir in south China, it offers a historical and ethnographic description of how the displaced people make place in Xingang, which has been closely linked to the ever-changing politics of water in recent decades: from dam construction to water transportation, to eco-tourism, and to water supply schemes. This dissertation suggests that questions on memory and movement are central in understanding place-making in Xingang. By portraying the various strategies the reservoir relocatees play with memory and movement, in their effort to make place under constraints and exclusions in a continuous process of displacement, I argue that by keeping distance of both the past (submerged memory) and fixed relations (fluid community), they gain flexibility and power to respond to the ever-changing state ideology. In addition, this dissertation examines how social relations and identities at various intersecting levels are influenced by displacement with a particular angle of the mobility of people under the reality of rural-urban division in post-reform China, and calls for a new direction in Chinese studies to focus on the places in between: those that are not urban nor rural, but awkwardly both.

This essay, as its title implies, traces elements of continuity in the nationalities policies of the Tsarist and Soviet governments of Russia by considering the experiences under both regimes of the seven national minorities of the Soviet Union deported during World War II for alleged treasonable activity and/or collaboration with the Germans. The seven minorities are the Volga Germans, Crimean Tatars, Kalmyks, Chechens, Ingushes, Karachays, and Balkars. The essay is organized into four chapters. Chapter I has three parts, all concerned with necessary introductory material. Part i states the problem and the principal thesis of the essay: that the deportations of these seven minorities during World War II were only tenuously related to the charges brought against these peoples by the Soviet government; but, on the other hand, the deportations would seem to have been largely punishments inflicted upon these peoples for their generally unsatisfactory behaviour during their two decades or more under Soviet rule. The essay goes further to demonstrate, however, that the behaviour of all these minorities under Soviet rule was generally in conformity with their behaviour under Tsarist rule, and that, as it affected these groups at least, Soviet nationalities policy was in many essential respects hardly more than a continuation of earlier Tsarist policy. Part ii outlines briefly the expansionof the Russian Empire from its geographical centre near Moscow. Part iii describes the historical backgrounds of the seven peoples and the circumstances through which each came under Russian rule. Chapter II is divided into two parts. Part i discusses the evolution of the Tsarist government's policy of minority discrimination and russification, with emphasis upon the doctrines of "Autocracy, Orthodoxy, Nationalism" and of "official nationality", and explores the reasons why these doctrines proved unsuccessful when Russia became through the process of expansion a vast multinational empire. Part ii treats individually the experiences of the seven peoples in question under Tsarist rule. Chapter III is in three parts. Part i is concerned with the development of national feeling among the non-Russian peoples of the Russian state, particularly in the period 1905-17, with emphasis upon the seven peoples being studied here. Part ii is an analysis of the principal Bolshevik theoretical writings on the national question, dealing chiefly with Marxism and the National Question. Part iii describes the critical transitional period between 1917-21, between the Bolshevik Revolution and the regime's final victory, and the re-assertion of Russian authority over the territories of the seven peoples. Chapter IV is also in three parts. Part i is a broad survey of Soviet nationalities policy's main phases since 1920, and also discusses some of the more salient congruities between Soviet policy and Tsarist policy, suggesting reasons for these continuities. Part ii treats individually the experiences under Soviet rule of the seven minorities with whom the essay is concerned, with emphasis upon those elements of continuity which emerge between their treatment under the Soviet government and their earlier treatment under the Tsars. Part iii is confined to brief concluding remarks. The notes have been placed at the end of each chapter. The bibliography follows the notes to chapter IV. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

The goal of this thesis is to provide insight as to why the number of trafficking cases and convictions is still relatively low compared to the total volume of trafficking occurring, even though the trade is increasingly addressed by international law. Through a study of trafficking itself, a summary of current international legislation, and an analysis of the implementation of said legislation this thesis will show that the gap between legislation and enforcement can be partially accounted for by a widespread failure by states to adequately address the demand for trafficked persons in their national legislation. While this is far from a complete explanation of the problem it is an important piece of the puzzle.

This work investigates some aspects of the dynamics of non-invertible quasi-periodic circle maps, from the point of view of rotation numbers and their structure in parameter space.Circle maps and quasi-periodically forced circle maps have been widely used asa model for a broad range of physical phenomena. From the mathematical point of view they have also received considerable attention because of the many interesting features they exhibit.The system used is given by the maps: x_n = [ x_n-1 + a + b/(2pi) sin( 2pi x_n-1) + c sin( 2pi theta_n-1) ] mod 1, and, theta_n = theta_n-1 + omega.Where a, b and c are real constants. In addition, b and omega are restricted, respectively, to values larger than one and irrational.A fundamental part of this thesis consists of numerical approximations of rotation intervals using and adapting of the work of Boyland (1986) to the quasi-periodic case.Particular emphasis was given to the case of large coupling strength in quasi-periodicforcing.Examination of the computed rotation numbers for the large coupling case, together with previous claims suggesting that for large coupling strength the b-term could be neglected (see Ding (1989)), led to the formulation of an ergodic argument which is statistically supported. This argument indicates that, for this case, the qualitative behavior of rotation number depends linearly on a. It is also shown that the length of the rotation interval, when the transition from a trivial rotation interval (invertible case) to a non-trivial rotation interval occurs, it develops locally as a universal unfolding.A different map, piecewise monotone, and structurally similar to the maps defined to calculate the edges of rotation intervals in Boyland (1986), is studied to illustrate how the rotation number grows. The edges of rotation intervals are analytically calculated and matched with numerical observations.

This study evaluated the rape fantasies of a female undergraduate sample (N = 355) using a sexual fantasy checklist, a sexual fantasy log, a rape fantasy scenario presentation, and measures of personality. Results indicated that 62% of women have had a rape fantasy. For these women, the median rape fantasy frequency was about four times per year, with 14% of participants reporting that they had rape fantasies at least once a week. Further, rape fantasies exist on a continuum between erotic and aversive, with 9% completely aversive, 45% completely erotic, and 46% both erotic and aversive. Women who are more erotophilic, open to fantasy, and higher in self-esteem tended to have more frequent and erotic rape fantasies than other women. The major theories that have been proposed to explain why women have rape fantasies were tested. Results indicated that sexual blame avoidance and ovulation theories were not supported. Openness to sexuality, sexual desirability, and sympathetic activation theories received partial support.

No description available.

Magister Legum - LLM / Human history is traversed by migration. This manifold global phenomenon has shaped the world to its current state, moving people from one place to another in reaction to the changing world. The autonomous decision to permanently move locations represents only a segment of what is considered to be migration. Routes can be dangerous, reasons can be without any alternative, displacements forced, and journeys deadly. Arguably the most fatal of all long-distance global migration flows, the transatlantic slave trade has left an enduring legacy of economic patterns and persistent pain. Whilst the trade in human beings originated centuries before, with Europe’s long history of slavery, this event represents an atrocious milestone in history. In a nutshell, European colonialists traded slaves for goods from African kings, who had captured them as war prisoners.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico del duelo en familiares de víctimas de desaparición forzada, para establecer información actual sobre los artículos científicos de Psicología sobre dicho tema. Primero, se realizó una búsqueda de la variable duelo y la vez de desaparición forzada en la base de datos EBSCO, encontrándose un total de 7 artículos, de los cuales quedaron 4 artículos relacionados a temas de Psicología, los que conformaron la muestra del estudio. Posteriormente, se realizaron los análisis de datos y metodologías utilizadas, y se desarrolló́ un análisis de la información obtenida. En los resultados se encontró que el 100% de los artículos son elaborados con resumen, abstract, introducción, objetivos resultados y referencias. Solo el 25% de los documentos cuentan con hipótesis, el 75% redacta una discusión y conclusiones y solo el 50% cuenta con recomendaciones. Se concluye que, la bibliometría es una herramienta importante y útil para medir es resultado del ejercicio investigador, volviendo tangible la información de estudios previos con el fin de contribuir con el desarrollo y avance de la ciencia peruana. / The objective of the present study was to carry out a bibliometric analysis of grief in relatives of victims of forced disappearance, in order to establish current information on the scientific articles of Psychology on grief. First, a search of the variable grief and the time of forced disappearance in the EBSCO database was carried out, finding a total of 7 articles, of which 4 articles related to topics of Psychology remained, which conformed the sample of the study. Subsequently, the data analysis and methodologies used were carried out, and an analysis of the information obtained was developed. The results showed that 100% of the articles were elaborated with summary, abstract, introduction, objectives, results and references. Only 25% of the documents have hypotheses, 75% write a discussion and conclusions and only 50% have recommendations. It is concluded that bibliometrics is an important and useful tool to measure the results of the research exercise, making tangible the information of previous studies in order to contribute to the development and progress of Peruvian science. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

<div><div><div><p>Binary code analysis is widely used in many applications, including reverse engineering, software forensics and security. It is very critical in these applications, since the analysis of binary code does not require source code to be available. For example, in one of the security applications, given a potentially malicious executable file, binary analysis can help building human inspectable representations such as control flow graph and call graph.</p><p>Existing binary analysis can be roughly classified into two categories, that are static analysis, and dynamic analysis. Both types of analysis have their own strengths and limitations. Static binary analysis is based on the result of scanning the binary code without executing it. It usually has good code coverage, but the analysis results are sometimes not quite accurate due to the lack of dynamic execution information. Dynamic binary analysis, on the other hand, is based on executing the binary on a set of inputs. On the contrast, the results are usually accurate but heavily rely on the coverage of the test inputs, which sometimes do not exist.</p><p>In this thesis, we first present a novel systematic binary analysis framework called X-Force. Basically, X-Force can force the binary to execute without using any inputs or proper environment setup. As part of the design of our framework, we have proposed a number of techniques, that includes (1) path exploration module which can drive the program to execute different paths; (2) a crash-free execution model that could detect and recover from execution exceptions properly; (3) overcoming a large number of technical challenges in making the technique work on real world binaries.</p><p>Although X-Force is a highly effective method to penetrate malware self-protection and expose hidden behavior, it is very heavy-weight. The reason is that it requires tracing individual instructions, reasoning about pointer alias relations on-the-fly, and repairing invalid pointers by on-demand memory allocation. To further solve this problem, we develop a light-weight and practical forced execution technique. Without losing analysis precision, it avoids tracking individual instructions and on-demand allocation. Under our scheme, a forced execution is very similar to a native one. It features a novel memory pre-planning phase that pre-allocates a large memory buffer, and then initializes the buffer, and variables in the subject binary, with carefully crafted values in a random fashion before the real execution. The pre-planning is designed in such a way that dereferencing an invalid pointer has a very large chance to fall into the pre-allocated region and hence does not cause any exception, and semantically unrelated invalid pointer dereferences highly likely access disjoint (pre-allocated) memory regions, avoiding state corruptions with probabilistic guarantees.</p></div></div></div>