SILVA, Napiê Galvê Araújo. Estrutura e fortalecimento do arranjo produtivo local do leite nos municípios de Morada Nova e Ibicuitinga - Ceará: Um estudo de caso. 2008. 137 f.: Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Mestrado Acadêmico em Economia Rural (MAER). Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Fortaleza-CE. 2008 / Submitted by Francisco Helder Macêdo Rangel (fhelder@ufc.br) on 2014-09-18T17:37:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_ngasilva.pdf: 2260593 bytes, checksum: 63a066cbe7441fbd17de5e1289bb8f49 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Margareth Mesquita(margaret@ufc.br) on 2014-10-02T13:56:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_ngasilva.pdf: 2260593 bytes, checksum: 63a066cbe7441fbd17de5e1289bb8f49 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-02T13:56:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_ngasilva.pdf: 2260593 bytes, checksum: 63a066cbe7441fbd17de5e1289bb8f49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / This study aims to examine the policy of Structure and Strengthening of APL to milk the municipalities of New Address and Ibicuitinga in the region of the Lower Jaguaribe in th state of Ceará. Municipalities that qre located within the second largest dairy basin of the state, but só far never has a public policy geared to conditioning and marketing of its main product (milk). Thus it was studing esch of the structural aspects to the strengthening of its arrangement as territoriality, innovation, learning, social capital and governance. Among the towns covered by a cooling tanks in the region of the Lower Jaguaribe, chose the municipalities and both higher and lower productivity respectively, amonog those contemplated. In qaddition to the structural peculiarities as income, production system and others who are different producers for each municipality, with the first of mostly ranchers and recent settlers. The data used in this work are the primary source of the questionnaire obtained by means of REDESIST adapted to the conditions of activity of dairy husbandry. In which they were applied to all 29 questionnaires, and 17 in New Address and 12 in Ibicuitinga in their respective units of milk production. What has been observed in our study was that the structural factors to abovementioned APL are much more present in daily activity of the production units of New Address, than that seen between the production units of Ibicuitinga, which as a result of factors of disparity in productivity daily average of the two counties searched. / O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar a política de Estruturação e Fortalecimento do APL de leite dos municípios de Morada Nova e Ibicuitinga situados na região do Baixo Jaguaribe no Estado do Ceará. Esses municípios que se encontram localizados na segunda maior bacia leiteira do Estado, mas que até então nunca tiveram uma política pública orientada ao condicionamento e comercialização do seu principal produto (leite). Dessa forma, procurou-se estudar cada um dos aspectos estruturais para o fortalecimento do respectivo arranjo como: territorialidade, inovação, aprendizado, capital social e governança. Dentre os municípios contemplados pelos tanques de resfriamento na região do Baixo Jaguaribe, escolhemos Morada Nova e Ibicuitinga para o nosso estudo de caso, em razão de ambos serem os municípios de maior e menor produtividade, respectivamente, dentre os contemplados. Além das peculiaridades estruturantes como renda, sistema de produção e outros, que diferem os produtores de cada município. Os primeiros em sua grande maioria são fazendeiros e os últimos são assentados. Os dados utilizados neste trabalho são de origem primária obtidos por meio do questionário adaptado da REDESIST, aos condicionantes da atividade da pecuária leiteira, na qual foram aplicados ao todo 29 questionários, sendo 17 em Morada Nova e 12 em Ibicuitinga nas respectivas unidades de produção leiteira. O que se pôde observar em nosso estudo foi que os fatores estruturantes acima mencionados ao APL são bem mais presentes na atividade diária das unidades de produção de Morada Nova do que resulta como um dos fatores da disparidade da produtividade média dos dois municípios pesquisados.

Orientadores: Francisco Carlos Groppo, Eneida de Paula, Maria Cristina Volpato / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T12:43:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baroni_DanielaBelisario_M.pdf: 989272 bytes, checksum: e1ed096aa94fb3480d6dfbd684b19f7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Mestrado / Farmacologia, Anestesiologia e Terapeutica / Mestre em Odontologia

Orientadores: Francisco Carlos Groppo, Eneida de Paula, Maria Cristina Volpato / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T13:13:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Berto_LucianaAranha_M.pdf: 906309 bytes, checksum: 403019290dd30869537a79a4ff2e7c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia anestésica de duas formulações lipossomais injetáveis de articaína (3% e 4%), em dois modelos animais: bloqueio do nervo infra-orbital (BNIO) e bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI). Para cada experimento, 48 animais foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=8), que receberam a injeção de uma das seguintes formulações, no lado direito: Grupo 1: articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100,000; Grupo 2: articaína 3% lipossomal; Grupo 3: articaína 4% lipossomal; Grupo 4: articaína 4%; Grupo 5: articaína 3% e Grupo 6: lipossomas 4mM sem anestésico local. O lado contralateral recebeu NaCl 0,9% (controle). Para BNIO, 0,1 mL da preparação foi injetado próximo ao forame infra-orbitário. Foi avaliada a duração da anestesia em tecido mole por pinçamento vigoroso do lábio superior, a cada 5 minutos, até que fosse obtido o primeiro sinal de resposta aversiva, indicando o final da anestesia. Para BNAI, 0,2 mL da preparação foi depositado próximo ao forame mandibular e os parâmetros latência e duração da anestesia pulpar foram avaliados por estímulo elétrico. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de ANOVA, com nível de significância 5%. Para duração de anestesia em tecido mole, os grupos 1, 2 e 3 não diferiram entre si (p>0,05) e promoveram duração maior que os grupos 4 e 5 (p<0,05). O grupo 1 obteve menor latência da anestesia pulpar que os grupos 2, 3, 4 e 5 (p<0,05), que não diferiram entre si (p>0,05). O grupo 1 apresentou a maior duração de anestesia pulpar, seguido pelos grupos 2 e 3. Com relação à duração da anestesia pulpar, não houve diferença entre os grupos 2 e 3 e entre os grupos 4 e 5 (p>0,05). Grupo 6 não obteve efeito anestésico. A encapsulação em lipossomas permitiu aumento na duração da anestesia da articaína quando comparada à solução pura. Entretanto, a solução de articaína 4% com epinefrina promoveu maior duração de anestesia pulpar que as formulações lipossomais. / Abstract: Liposome encapsulation has been found to enhance the clinical efficacy of local anesthetics. This study evaluated the anesthetic efficacy of two liposomal formulations of articaine (3% and 4%) by means of two animal models: infraorbital nerve block (IONB) and inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in rats. For each experiment, 48 animals were divided in 6 groups (n=8), which received the injection of one of the following formulations, in the right side: Group 1: 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine; Group 2: 4% liposomal articaine; Group 3: 3% liposomal articaine; Group 4: 4% articaine; Group 5: 3% articaine and Group 6: 4mM liposome. The left side received NaCl 0.9% (control). For the IONB, 0.1 mL of the tested formulation was injected near the rat infraorbital foramen. The duration of soft tissue anesthesia was evaluated by pinching the upper lip, every 5 minutes, until the first sign of aversive response was observed. For the IANB, 0.2 mL of the tested formulations was injected near the rat mandible foramen and the parameters onset and duration of pulpal anesthesia were evaluated by means of an electrical pulp tester. Data were submitted to ANOVA test and significance level was set at 5%. Concerning soft tissue anesthesia, groups 1, 2 and 3 showed similar duration (p>0.05) which were longer than that of the groups 4 and 5 (p<0.05). Group 1 showed the shortest onset of pulpal anesthesia (p<0.05) and there was no difference among groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Group 1 promoted longer duration of pulpal anesthesia (p<0.05) followed by groups 2 and 3. Concerning duration of pulpal anesthesia, no significant difference was found between groups 2 and 3 and groups 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Liposome encapsulation prolonged anesthetic effects of articaine when compared to plain solution. However, the epinephrine-containing solution showed longer pulpal anesthesia duration than liposomal formulations. / Mestrado / Farmacologia, Anestesiologia e Terapeutica / Mestre em Odontologia

Magister Legum - LLM

Dans l'évaluation d'Internet au cours des années, un grand nombre d'applications apparaissent, avec différentes exigences de service en termes de bande passante, délai et ainsi de suite. Pourtant, le trafic Internet présente encore une propriété de haute variabilité. Plusieurs études révèlent que les flux court sont en général liés à des applications interactives-pour ceux-ci, on s'attend à obtenir de bonne performance que l'utilisateur perçoit, le plus souvent en termes de temps de réponse court. Cependant, le schéma classique FIFO/drop-tail déployé des routeurs/commutateurs d'aujourd'hui est bien connu de parti pris contre les flux courts. Pour résoudre ce problème sur un réseau best-effort, nous avons proposé un nouveau et simple algorithme d'ordonnancement appelé EFD (Early Flow Discard). Dans ce manuscrit, nous avons d'abord évaluer la performance d'EFD dans un réseau câblé avec un seul goulot d'étranglement au moyen d'étendu simulations. Nous discutons aussi des variantes possibles de EFD et les adaptations de EFD à 802.11 WLAN - se réfèrent principalement à EFDACK et PEFD, qui enregistre les volumes échangés dans deux directions ou compte simplement les paquets dans une direction, visant à améliorer l'équité à niveau flot et l'interactivité dans les WLANs. Enfin, nous nous consacrons à profiler le trafic de l'entreprise, en plus de elaborer deux modèles de trafic-l'une qui considère la structure topologique de l'entreprise et l'autre qui intègre l'impact des applications au-dessus de TCP - pour aider à évaluer et à comparer les performances des politiques d'ordonnancement dans les réseaux d'entreprise classiques. / As the Internet evolves over the years, a large number of applications emerge with varying service requirements in terms of bandwidth, delay, loss rate and so on. Still, the Internet traffic exhibits a high variability property – the majority of the flows are of small sizes while a small percentage of very long flows contribute to a large portion of the traffic volume. Several studies reveal that small flows are in general related to interactive applications – for which one expects to obtain good user perceived performance, most often in terms of short response time. However, the classical FIFO/drop-tail scheme deployed in today’s routers/switches is well known to bias against short flows over long ones. To tackle this issue over a best-effort network, we have proposed a novel and simple scheduling algorithm named EFD (Early Flow Discard). In this manuscript, we first evaluate the performance of EFD in a single-bottleneck wired network through extensive simulations. We then discuss the possible variants of EFD and EFD’s adaptations to 802.11 WLANs – mainly refer to EFDACK and PEFD. Finally, we devote ourselves to profiling enterprise traffic, and further devise two workload models - one that takes into account the enterprise topological structure and the other that incorporates the impact of the applications on top of TCP - to help to evaluate and compare the performance of scheduling policies in typical enterprise networks.

No description available.

No description available.

Typescript, etc. / Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries

Local Government in South Africa has undergone much transformation since the year 2000. Although much of the change has been to correct imbalances, inequities and disparities within our local communities as a result of apartheid, change has also been motivated by the National Government's realisation that, as with governments throughout the world, there is a need to modernise all spheres of Government. Part of this transformation process at the local government level in South Africa has been to ensure that municipalities become more responsive to the communities' needs. The guiding principles for this transformation are contained in the White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service (1995) and the Batho Pele White Paper (1997). This has informed the Municipal Systems Act: Act 32 of 2000 of which Chapter 6 determines that municipalities will have a Performance Management System to promote a culture of Performance Management amongst the political structures, political office bearers, councillors and administration. The Performance Management System must ensure that the municipality administers its affairs in an economical, effective, efficient and accountable manner. A literature review contained in this research, indicates that nationally, ensuring effective and efficient Financial Management Systems at the local government level is impacted upon by a number of factors such as the organizational culture of an institution and its revenue base. This research ends with recommendations for further research and it is argued that each organization has its own unique organizational problems impacting on its financial status. The conclusion is that no single typology, as contained in the literature, can account for the specific impact financial viability has on service delivery and organizational existence at the local government level in South Africa. Consequently, implementers of the financial strategy and other financial management policies must assess the unique characteristics of each organization prior to implementation thereof, in order to evaluate its impact on the organizational culture and other variables. / Thesis (MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2010

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Arts