Diss. Stockholm : University, 2003.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université Paul Valéry, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 361-380) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université Paul Valéry, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 361-380) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-111).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2006. / Advisor: Amy Wetherby, Florida State University, College of Communication, Dept. of Communication Disorders. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 21, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 88 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Nonverbal communication in leadership is a phenomenon which is interesting to get a greater understanding of. Animals only communicate nonverbally and have strong leadership behaviours. Therefore, this study aim is to find out in what way nonverbal communication in leaders is still connected to animal roots and what the implications for modern life are. This study tries to give an overview of the phenomenon with a theoretical approach. Different point of views of nonverbal communication and animal behaviour in leaders have been discussed. A theoretical approach was suitable because of the abundance of literature in the main fields of focus. Connecting the different studies with each other gave valuable insights into the phenomenon. Power, status, submission, territory, space, and mating behaviours are the most used categories associated with leadership behaviours in animal species. Human leadership behaviour consists of the same categories but furthermore, emotional intelligence is an integral part as well. Different postures, gestures, facial expressions as well as distances to each other gave a comprehensive overview of how leaders are naturally behaving. Deciphering the complex nonverbal communication and looking at them with aspects of communication in animals helped with showing the roots and the natural ability to lead. Further research, however, should be conducted to see how nonverbal communication influences complex group dynamics and the effect thereof. Implications for the natural instincts to lead are helpful with how leaders can further their communication skills and become more conscious of their nonverbal communication.

Recent research in Interpreting Studies has favoured the argument that, in practice, the interpreter plays an active role, rather than the prescribed role stipulated in professional codes of conduct. Cutting-edge studies utilising multimodal research methods have taken a more comprehensive approach to investigating this argument, searching for evidence of the interpreter’s active involvement not only through textual analysis, but also by examining a range of non-verbal communicative means. Studies using multimodal analysis, such as those by Pasquandrea (2011) and Davitti (2012), have succeeded in offering new insights into the interpreter’s role in interaction. This research presents further investigation into the interpreter’s role through multimodal analysis by focusing on the use of gesture movements, gaze and body orientation in interpreter-mediated communication; it also looks at the impact of the state of knowledge asymmetry on the interpreter’s role. This thesis presents findings from six simulated face-to-face dialogue interpreting cases featuring three different groups of participants and interpreters representing different interpreting settings (e.g. parent-teacher meeting, business meeting, doctor-patient meeting, etc.). By adapting a multimodal approach, findings of this study (a) contribute to our understanding of the active role of the interpreter in Interpreting Studies by exploring new insights from a multimodal approach, and (b) offer new empirical findings from interpreter-mediated interactions to the technical analysis of multimodal communication.

The thesis is focused on history and present application of pictograms. The thesis includes theoretical and practical parts to introduce the phenomenon of pictogram. Theoretical part embraces three chapters: basic terminology that is using in problematic of pictograms, the pictograms in communication in general and presumptive genesis of pictogram from cave art, Egyptian art to comic strips. Practical part presents the spheres and applications of pictogram in nowadays such as traffic, tourism, orientation, informatics and communication systems, logotypes, national and personal presentation, religious symbols. The thesis is concerned with historical and graphical contexts with respect to mentioned fields of application.

In my thesis, I will be pondering on the resources of non- verbal material as well as on the methodology of research concerning this topic. The thesis will illustrate the problematics of authentic non-verbal communication derived from scientific publications written by chosen authorities. In the second part, I will introduce the theoretical basis in which I will clarify the reasons why even artistic literature can be considered a valuable tool of research and I will demostrate the effect on chosen extracts with references to the terminology introduced in the first part of my thesis. In this part, I will point out the contribution of artistic literature to the scientific research as well as its possible typology. Key words non-verbal communication, systematization of means, verbalization, interpretation, exposition, discourse, pseudo- reality

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to create an understanding of what types of initial contacts exist within the service encounter and their functions for the interaction. Design/methodology/approach – To study the initial contact between the employee and the customer, we have used a qualitative approach where observations were the data collecting method. The observations have been conducted in Karlstad at 22 different locations, which generated a total of 83 observations. These observations were analyzed and generated concepts and categories, that were incorporated into themes. Findings – The research showed five types of initial contacts could be identified along with their functions. The types identified are the time effective, the improvised, the committed, the observant and the strategic positioning. Originality/value – By narrowing the interaction to the first moment, this paper contributes knowledge about the initial contact which will facilitate frontline employees work in the face-to-face interaction with customers. Research limitation/implications for future research – The study is conducted in Karlstad. Depending on which kind of industry examined and contextual factors, variations in the result may occur. The findings could differ if cultural perspectives were considered, which could be something to include in future research. Only the face-to-face interaction is examined. This creates opportunities for future research to extend this study by, for instance, investigate the initial contact over internet or phone.