Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1964. / Typescript. Vita. Abstracted in Dissertation abstracts, v. 25 (1964) no. 6, p. 3541-2. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 437-481).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / William Hobson (1820-1891) joined the ante bellum exodus of Quakers from North Carolina, migrating to Iowa in his late youth where he served as a pioneer minister of Friends until 1875. He then began the formation of a settlement of Quakers at Newberg, Oregon, which grew rapidly and eventually resulted in the establishment of Oregon Yearly Meeting of Friends. Because so little was known of the early life of William Hobson, and because nineteenth century revivalism radically altered the Quakerism of Hobson's lifetime, he is not well understood by contemporary Friends. This dissertation therefore attempts to describe his early years and ministry and their relation to trends within American Quakerism, and to estimate his significance as the founder of Quakerism in the Pacific Northwest. The study is based on Hobson's autobiography, his diaries and sources of information not previously considered. These latter are his correspondence and personal papers, the journals of his Quaker contemporaries, public documents, school records and the official minutes of Friends Meetings to which he belonged in North Carolina, Iowa and Oregon. The new sources have made possible a biographical synthesis which presents William Hobson in a truer perspective than he has heretofore been seen. William Hobson was reared in the back-country of North Carolina under the strict standards of the Society of Friends. Educational opportunities and literature were both very limited, and arter learning to read, he had little save the Scriptures and standard works or Quakerism to study. These, in addition to two years at New Garden Boarding School, confirmed him in the beliers and customs of his ancestors. Attracted by the agricultural prospects or the Trans-Mississippi Vest and moved by a hatred or slavery, he migrated to Iowa in 1847-1848. Throughout the third quarter or the nineteenth century Hobson was a pioneer farmer and minister of Friends, journeying throughout the Friends settlements or Iowa, to North Carolina and to Kansas during the troubled days or border warfare. As an itinerant minister of Friends, his work was carried on in the quietistic spirit typical of early nineteenth century Quakerism. He welcomed the evidences of new life which came to Quakerism with the Awakening of the 1860's and 1870's, but regretted and resisted the innovations which revivalism produced. Hobson made the first of his three journeys to the Far West in 1870-1871, spending seven months surveying the Pacific Coast in the interest of establishing a Quaker settlement. Discouragement led him to conclude that Friends should stay in the Midwest, but within two years his mind was again occupied with the need for a Friends community on the Pacific Coast. In 1875-1876 he made a second journey, determined to overcome all obstacles to his projected settlement. After studying six regions in Oregon and in Washington Territory, he eventually chose the Chehalem Valley, near Portland, Oregon. As a result of his enthusiastic correspondence with Quakers throughout the Far West and Midwest, settlers began pouring into the valley, and by the time of his death in 1891, the membership of Newberg Meeting was over five hundred. William Hobson was well qualified to establish a frontier religious settlement due to his rugged physique and lifetime of experience under frontier conditions. He had a keen awareness of the material basis of a happy society, and carefully studied the resources of the Pacific Northwest before founding a settlement. Possessing the sense of community normative to Quakerism, he frankly advertised the settlement as a religious community and made it succeed as such without limiting it to Friends. The permanent value of his work is indicated in the Quaker institutions of Church, school and civil order which developed in the Chehalem Valley and which became influential throughout the Pacific Northwest.

xii, 121 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Although women continue to make significant advancements in the workforce, there is still progress to be made to overcome biases and systems of exclusion. Since women play an increasing and influential role in the administration and leadership of higher education institutions, understanding their unique contributions is critical. In this study, qualitative methods were used to gather data on common characteristics of women leaders in higher education administration. Data were gathered from interviews with twenty women working in a cross section of professional positions at four comprehensive public universities in the Pacific Northwest. Results showed that the participants used collaboration, communication, and information sharing and addressed conflict to build relationships, establish trust, and inspire a shared vision. Most of the participants in this study indicated that they were rewarded, recognized, and supported in their positions; however, some indicated that discrimination still occurs based upon gender. / Committee in Charge: Jean Stockard, Chair; Jessica Greene; Surendra Subramani

An intrusive complex in the Coppermine River Area, Northwest Territories appears to be a greatly elongated lopolith approximately 5 miles wide and 60 miles long. Multiple intrusion and magmatic differentiation have combined to produce layers of rocks which range in composition from dunite to granophyre within the lopolith. The acid rocks of the complex were emplaced as a number of separate injections of magma after the crystallization and cooling of the basic and ultrabasic rocks. The structural relations of the acid and basic rocks indicate that the acid intrusions were accompanied by faulting and subsidence of a part of the northern end of the lopolith. A prominent textural feature of the granophyre, an oscillatory mantling of nuclei of graphic quartz and potash feldspar by quartz-free potash feldspar and plagioclase, is believed to be the result of fluctuations in water vapour pressure during crystallization of the magma. The fragments in a breccia cemented by granophyre were probably, in part, formed by fault movements which accompanied the intrusion of the acid magma. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

This thesis attempts to elucidate the origin and deformation of a folded sequence of ice and icy sediment in Tuktoyaktuk, N.W.T., Canada. Tuktoyaktuk lies between the maximum and late Wisconsin limits of glaciation. Bodies of underground ice in permafrost have characteristic ice crystal sizes and shapes and inclusions dependent on the mode of ice growth and subsequent deformational or other history. The ice body which was studied lies beneath 2 m of fluvioglacial sands and 0.6 m of gravel. The ice-icy sediment foliation has been deformed into subhorizontal isoclinal folds, the major movement being from the SSW. Folds are classified into three styles. Fabric diagrams of ice crystal optic axes are of two types. A relict early fold shows a cleft girdle pattern at right-angles to the fold axis. Later flattening and fold limb extension has given rise to fabric diagrams with strong maxima normal to the axial surfaces, showing that crystals have rotated such that slip planes are parallel to the surface of slip of the body. Differences in deformabilities of pure ice and ice with varying amounts of sand have given rise to boudinage and transposition-type structures. Four types of grain texture indicative of recrystallization and dependence on sediment, are distinguished. It is not possible, with the available evidence, to distinguish between two alternative origins of the body as segregated ground ice overridden by an ice-sheet or a remnant of a deformed ice-sheet terminus. Necessary conditions for the survival of either body may be inferred. Petrographic characteristics are listed for future field recognition of the ice type. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

The flexibility of Inuit social organization may be defined as a lack of societal preference among several different courses of action. Although the concept of flexibility has wide application to Inuit social organization this does not suggest that there is a complete lack of structure and order. Some of the parameters of flexibility are described through behaviour which is either disapproved or required. Two theses are advanced. One is that flexibility allows creative action which is potentially adaptive and/or integrative. This point is developed by showing a variety of ways in which different Inuit men in Lake Harbour effectively utilize combinations of hunting, trapping, carving and wage-labour, each in a manner unique to himself. The other thesis is that Inuit society is integrated wholly through mutually consensual dyadic relationships. There are two ways in which the importance of these relationships are shown in Inuit life. One is lack of imposed authority; the other is the rich variety of ritual and other relationships which are either based or seen to be based on the consensus of the two participants for the initiation and content, of the relationship. Local group leadership shows this clearly as men recognize a man as leader only while he provides them benefits. The characterisitc attributes of leadership (age, skill in hunting, knowledge, position as head of a large kin group and ownership of a boat) do not result in leadership if a man is unable to provide resources to others. The importance of mutually consensual dyadic relationships is shown through descriptions of rejected children and orphans, who receive what Euro-Canadians consider to be trauma-inducing abuse and rejection, yet appear to develop helathy personalities through acceptance and nurturance on the part of peers and sympathetic adults. Because of the dyadic consensual nature of Inuit social organization, its integration relies critically on Inuit voluntarily establishing ties of dependence and support. / Arts, Faculty of / Sociology, Department of / Graduate

The shallow post glacial sea of northern Foxe Basin contains a large walrus herd. Complemented by other game resources, the herd has supported human settlement for about four thousand years. During sequent occupance of the region by different prehistoric hunting cultures there was adaptation to changes in climate, game resources and land forms. Despite variations in environment, there was remarkable continuity in the coastal settlement pattern. From a "core" area of relatively dense and permanent settlement, concentric areas decreased in viability towards the regional margins, where adverse ice conditions were a major deterrent to settlement. Whaling fleets visited the regions adjacent to northern Foxe Basin from about 1840 to 1910. Although the region itself was barred to whaling ships by pack ice, the whole Melville-Borden culture territory, including northern Foxe Basin, suffered from the social and ecological disequilibrium caused by whaling activity. At the end of the whaling era the rifle and whaleboat had been added to the hunting technology, but the population of the region was reduced. In the 1930's the establishment of a mission and later a trading post in the core area brought new focus to settlement in the region. Immigration from neighbouring regions, and natural increase in the population resulted in expansion of settlement. Following a period of experimentation, population distribution stabilized in a series of contiguous areas, each supporting an ecological and economic unit. The trapping and hunting settlement of the "camp system" adhered closely to the ancient regional pattern. Although the camp system appeared to be a return to the prehistoric subsistence equilibrium, technological innovation threatened the game resources, and the proceeds of fur sales could not meet the consumer demand of a growing population. The construction of defence establishments, commencing in 1955, broke the long isolation of northern Foxe Basin. Government activity in the region increased through the 1960's and subsidy became the economic base of the region. In 1966 the federal government introduced a large-scale rental housing scheme, which precipitated the collapse of the hunting settlement system. Igloolik and Hall Beach changed from being service centres serving dispersed regional settlements, to nodal centres of tutelage, containing almost the entire population of the region. The Iglulingmiut Eskimos entered a radically different phase of social and economic transition, and are now attempting to work out a compromise between traditional and superimposed social forms. The Iglulingmiut, in the relative isolation of their region, have been able to absorb change slowly, until recently. Their sense of identity, their symbiotically-based social structure and hunting tradition are sources of strength and pride. Compared to many other Eskimo groups they appear well prepared to meet future changes. Much will depend, however, on the willingness of government planners to build upon existing cultural foundations, and to proceed at a pace which permits Eskimo participation. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

A geochemical survey was undertaken in the vicinity of massive sulphides at Anne-Cleaver and Camp Lakes to assess secondary geochemical dispersion within the zone of continuous permafrost. Samples were collected at several depths within the active layer together with snow-melt runoff, seepage, pit and lake waters and sediments. For each element (Ag, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) geochemical patterns are similar in all three soil layers (L-F-H 0 to 14 and 14 to 25 inch depths); therefore, sample depth does not appear to be critical. Ag, Fe and Pb display similar, well developed patterns and, except for Fe, possess high geochemical contrast. Conversely, Cd, Cu and Zn patterns are poorly developed and have low contrast, particularly in mineral soil. In areas of low pH, high levels of Ag, Fe and Pb can be found while Cu and Zn values are low and often form negative anomalies. High Zn levels are usually confined to areas of relatively high pH. Relative to total patterns, partial extraction (0.05M EDTA and 1.0M HCl) patterns provide little additional information; however, low partial to total ratio patterns are well developed, which suggests clastic dispersion. Because Pb is immobile, it can be used as a model for glacial dispersion of sulphides. Dispersion of Pb is in narrow thin zones of sulphide-rich till which rise at low (<2°) angles 1000 to 2000 feet down ice from the source. Anomalous metal concentrations and gossan are detectable in excess of 4000 feet down ice. Cu and Zn, although dispersed initially the same as Pb, have subsequently been subjected to extensive hydromorphic dispersion as a result of intensive oxidation and leaching in the acidic, water-rich soils of the active layer. Consequently, high levels of Cu and, in particular, Zn with high geochemical contrast are found in the surrounding waters and sediments. Relative to Cu and Zn, Pb is much more restricted and less concentrated in sediments and waters. This is because Cu and Zn enter the lake largely as dissolved species while Pb enters as a sorbed constituent on clay-sized particulate matter. High Cu-Pb-Zn levels in sediments and waters are restricted to lakes lying down drainage from mineralization and/or down ice in areas of metal-rich till. Within individual lakes, sediments display erratic metal levels with fluctuations often ≥10x. Conversely, lake waters are homogeneous but possess more limited dispersion halos relative to center-lake sediments. Pb is more likely than Cu and Zn to locate mineralization in all sample media; however, in waters, Cu and Zn are more easily detected and offer a much larger target than Pb. The effects of permafrost on geochemical dispersion are minimal. Hydromorphic and clastic dispersion patterns are well developed, perhaps better developed than in temperate climates. Significant inhibiting or complicating factors, with regard to geochemical dispersion are not present. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

The Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly in March of 1979, recommended that the Government of the Northwest Territories introduce a Pharmacare program for Senior Citizens on July 1, 1979. The Northwest Territories has a population of 46,400 people, spread through 59 settlements and over 3,379,500 square kilometers. Senior Citizens account for 2.8% of the population. The problem faced in the introduction of the program was that it also required consolidation of three existing programs. Rather than offer a universal program, the Territorial Government chose a program for those residents age 65 and over to complement the existing programs, specifically the one in the Department of Health which covers prescription drugs for twelve defined illnesses. The Government did so without introducing Pharmacare legislation but rather through a financial appropriation of the Finance Legislation. This left the final definition of policy planning and program introduction in the hands of bureaucrats. The planning of the program took place in a bureaucratic setting. The approach used was an incremental approach based on a comparison of the major features of the existing plans of British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. The detailed design involved the construction of a formulary, the quantification and numerical identification of all information in order that it could be placed in an electronic data processing format to be operated on a data base inter-active system of a Hewlett-Packard 3000 computer. The consolidated program was successfully implemented on July 1, 1979 and has worked successfully from that point. The report concludes with an evaluation of the system and how introduction of this program may be of use in the design of Pharmacare programs or other programs in other similar jurisdictions. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

No description available.