Prevention of eating disorders is important because eating disorders are one of the most common and serious diseases adolescent girls and young women may suffer from, with severe somatic, psychological and social consequences. The treatment of eating disorders is tricky and not always successful. This is a disease for which it is difficult to induce the necessary motivation and cooperation of the patient for treatment. Patients suffering from eating disorders have a distorted image of their body, body weight and body shape. An excessive weight loss has an impact on health. The most serious complications are cardiovascular complications, which may lead up to death. Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric illness with high mortality, which reaches up to 18%. The first objective of the thesis was to survey the risk of eating disorders occurrence in pupils of the second level of primary school. The second objective was to map the awareness of pupils of the second grade of primary school and to identify the source of information. To meet the objectives quantitative research was used. As a method of data collection the questionnaire technique was chosen. The standardized questionnaire EAT - 26, containing 26 closed questions, was used at the research. Another part of our questionnaire included 5 closed questions to get the respondents' identification data, and 2 semi-closed questions. In the case of a positive answer it was necessary to write down the answer which was given by all the pupils with positive answers, and 1 semi-enclosed question with the possibility to add another answer. The questionnaire was completed by 141 pupils of the 5th ? 9th grades of the Primary school Grünwaldova in České Budějovice. The results show that the risk of eating disorders in girls and boys is comparable. According to the obtained results, the risk of eating disorders development is the least in the 5th grade pupils, because they are less concerned about their own looks, physique and body weight than the respondents from higher grades. Satisfaction with the body weight is the highest in the fifth grades, it decreases in higher grades pupils. In our respondents the risk of eating disorders did not appear, yet it is necessary to avoid an increase of that risk. It is necessary to highlight the educational and preventive role of a nurse. She can prevent the possible increased risk of the development of eating disorders later in life or even the onset of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Nos últimos anos, o uso dos psicotrópicos em idosos, aumentou expressivamente em decorrência da ampliação das indicações terapêuticas dessa classe, do lançamento de agentes com menor perfil de toxicidade e do reconhecimento de que determinados quadros clínicos, prevalentes nessa faixa etária, podem ser tratados com esses medicamentos. Todavia, o uso de psicotrópicos pode estar relacionado a eventos adversos que causam impacto no perfil de morbi-mortalidade desse grupo de indivíduos. Desse modo, os objetivos do presente estudo foram identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de psicotrópicos entre os idosos do Município de São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, cujos dados foram obtidos do Estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento SABE. A amostra foi constituída de 1.115 idosos de 65 anos ou mais, que foram reentrevistados no ano de 2006. Para coleta de informações utilizaram-se as seções do questionário sobre Informações pessoais (A), Avaliação cognitiva (B), Estado de saúde (C), Estado funcional (D), Medicamentos (E) e Uso e acesso a serviços (F). Os psicotrópicos foram classificados de acordo com a Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical Classification System (ATC). Na analise dos dados utilizou-se o pacote estatístico STATA com realização de regressão logística. Considerou-se nível de significância de p<0,05. A prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos de 12,2%, a qual foi representada por antidepressivos (7,2%), benzodiazepínicos (6,1%) e antipsicóticos (1,8%). No grupo que usou psicotrópicos, 15,9% pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 15,1% apresentaram 75 anos ou mais, 21% relataram possuir quatro e mais doenças e 27,5% usar cinco ou mais medicamentos. Os fatores associados ao uso de psicotrópicos foram : sexo feminino (OR = 1,70; IC95% 1,05 - 2,74), limitação de atividade instrumental de vida diária (OR = 1,871; IC95% 1,16 - 3,04), presença de declínio cognitivo (OR = 1,76; IC95% 1,02 - 3,03), depressão (OR = 5,36; IC95% 3,34 - 8,61) e uso de cinco ou mais medicamentos (OR = 1,28; IC95%1,16 - 1,42). Cerca de um em cada dez idosos do SABE utilizou psicotrópicos, principalmente os antidepressivos. O conjunto dos fatores de risco associados ao uso de psicotrópicos pode indicar que os idosos mais vulneráveis foram aqueles com maior grau de dependência, seja em decorrência de comprometimento clínico causado por doenças, seja pelo uso de psicotrópicos inapropriados / Over the last years, the use of psychotropic drugs in the elderly has risen expressively, due to the increasing of the therapeutic indications of this class, the launching of agents with a profile of low level of toxics, and to the acknowledgement that certain clinical conditions, dominant within this age group, can be treated with this medicine. However, the use of psychotropic drugs can be linked to adverse events which cause impact in the profile of morbid-mortality of this age group. Therefore, the aim of the present study has been to identify the prevalence and factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs among elderly people in São Paulo City. It is a transversal, population based study, obtained from the Estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento SABE. The sample was constituted of 1.115 elderly people, aging 65 and over, who were re-interviewed in 2006. For the gathering of information, the sections of the questionnaire on Personal Information (A), Cognitive Evaluation (B), Health State (C), Functional State (D), Medicine (E) and Use and Access to Facilities (F) were used. Psychoactive drugs were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical Classification System (ATC). In the data analysis, it was used the statistic component STATA with logistic regression. A level of significance was considered of being p<0,05. The prevalence of the use of psychotropic drugs of 12,2%, which was represented by anti-depressants (7,2%), benzodiazepine (6,1%) and anti-psychotics (1,8%). In the group that used psychotropic drugs, 15,9% were female, 15,1% were 75 years old and older, 21% claimed having four or more different diseases, and 27,5% making use of five or more different sorts of medicine. The factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs were: female gender (OR = 1,70; IC95% 1,05 - 2,74), limitation of daily life instrumental activity (OR = 1,871; IC95% 1,16 - 3,04), presence of cognitive decreasing (OR = 1,76; IC95% 1,02 - 3,03), depression (OR = 5,36; IC95% 3,34 - 8,61) and use of five or more sorts of medicine (OR = 1,28; IC95%1,16 - 1,42). About one in ten elderly people in SABE used psychotropic drugs, mainly anti-depressants. The range of risk factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs may indicate that the most vulnerable elderly people were those with higher level of dependency, whether in consequence of a clinical implication caused by diseases, or by the use of inappropriate psychotropic drugs

Nos últimos anos, o uso dos psicotrópicos em idosos, aumentou expressivamente em decorrência da ampliação das indicações terapêuticas dessa classe, do lançamento de agentes com menor perfil de toxicidade e do reconhecimento de que determinados quadros clínicos, prevalentes nessa faixa etária, podem ser tratados com esses medicamentos. Todavia, o uso de psicotrópicos pode estar relacionado a eventos adversos que causam impacto no perfil de morbi-mortalidade desse grupo de indivíduos. Desse modo, os objetivos do presente estudo foram identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de psicotrópicos entre os idosos do Município de São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, cujos dados foram obtidos do Estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento SABE. A amostra foi constituída de 1.115 idosos de 65 anos ou mais, que foram reentrevistados no ano de 2006. Para coleta de informações utilizaram-se as seções do questionário sobre Informações pessoais (A), Avaliação cognitiva (B), Estado de saúde (C), Estado funcional (D), Medicamentos (E) e Uso e acesso a serviços (F). Os psicotrópicos foram classificados de acordo com a Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical Classification System (ATC). Na analise dos dados utilizou-se o pacote estatístico STATA com realização de regressão logística. Considerou-se nível de significância de p<0,05. A prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos de 12,2%, a qual foi representada por antidepressivos (7,2%), benzodiazepínicos (6,1%) e antipsicóticos (1,8%). No grupo que usou psicotrópicos, 15,9% pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 15,1% apresentaram 75 anos ou mais, 21% relataram possuir quatro e mais doenças e 27,5% usar cinco ou mais medicamentos. Os fatores associados ao uso de psicotrópicos foram : sexo feminino (OR = 1,70; IC95% 1,05 - 2,74), limitação de atividade instrumental de vida diária (OR = 1,871; IC95% 1,16 - 3,04), presença de declínio cognitivo (OR = 1,76; IC95% 1,02 - 3,03), depressão (OR = 5,36; IC95% 3,34 - 8,61) e uso de cinco ou mais medicamentos (OR = 1,28; IC95%1,16 - 1,42). Cerca de um em cada dez idosos do SABE utilizou psicotrópicos, principalmente os antidepressivos. O conjunto dos fatores de risco associados ao uso de psicotrópicos pode indicar que os idosos mais vulneráveis foram aqueles com maior grau de dependência, seja em decorrência de comprometimento clínico causado por doenças, seja pelo uso de psicotrópicos inapropriados / Over the last years, the use of psychotropic drugs in the elderly has risen expressively, due to the increasing of the therapeutic indications of this class, the launching of agents with a profile of low level of toxics, and to the acknowledgement that certain clinical conditions, dominant within this age group, can be treated with this medicine. However, the use of psychotropic drugs can be linked to adverse events which cause impact in the profile of morbid-mortality of this age group. Therefore, the aim of the present study has been to identify the prevalence and factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs among elderly people in São Paulo City. It is a transversal, population based study, obtained from the Estudo Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento SABE. The sample was constituted of 1.115 elderly people, aging 65 and over, who were re-interviewed in 2006. For the gathering of information, the sections of the questionnaire on Personal Information (A), Cognitive Evaluation (B), Health State (C), Functional State (D), Medicine (E) and Use and Access to Facilities (F) were used. Psychoactive drugs were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical Classification System (ATC). In the data analysis, it was used the statistic component STATA with logistic regression. A level of significance was considered of being p<0,05. The prevalence of the use of psychotropic drugs of 12,2%, which was represented by anti-depressants (7,2%), benzodiazepine (6,1%) and anti-psychotics (1,8%). In the group that used psychotropic drugs, 15,9% were female, 15,1% were 75 years old and older, 21% claimed having four or more different diseases, and 27,5% making use of five or more different sorts of medicine. The factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs were: female gender (OR = 1,70; IC95% 1,05 - 2,74), limitation of daily life instrumental activity (OR = 1,871; IC95% 1,16 - 3,04), presence of cognitive decreasing (OR = 1,76; IC95% 1,02 - 3,03), depression (OR = 5,36; IC95% 3,34 - 8,61) and use of five or more sorts of medicine (OR = 1,28; IC95%1,16 - 1,42). About one in ten elderly people in SABE used psychotropic drugs, mainly anti-depressants. The range of risk factors associated to the use of psychotropic drugs may indicate that the most vulnerable elderly people were those with higher level of dependency, whether in consequence of a clinical implication caused by diseases, or by the use of inappropriate psychotropic drugs