The PLC is frequently used when implementing automated control, which is animportant part of many modern industries. This thesis has been carried out incollaboration with ÅF Consult in Sundsvall, who were in need of a PLC labstation for educational purposes. The overall aim of this thesis has been todesign and construct such a lab station and also to implement a solution forexternal monitoring and control possibilities. The methodology of this projecthas included a literary study, followed by the implementation of the actualsolutions and finally an evaluation of the project. The finished lab stationincludes a conveyor belt and a robotic arm controlled using two PLCs. Theconveyor belt is designed to be able to store, transport, differentiate and sortsmall cubes of various materials, and the robotic arm is designed as a pick-andplacedevice that can move the cubes between different positions on the labstation. The monitoring and control solution is set up using an OPC clientserverconnection on a PC and it provides a graphical user interface where thelab station can be monitored and controlled externally. The lab station offersdiverse functionality, but due to some inconsistency in the included equipmentit is not entirely reliable. The external monitoring and control solution alsoprovides good functionality, but the time frame of the project resulted in a lessextensive implementation than originally intended. The overall solutions are,however, considered to offer a functional and proper platform for educationalpurposes.

In the central nervous system, the axons of neurons are protected from damage and aided in electrical conductivity by the myelin sheath, a complex of proteins and lipids formed by oligodendrocytes. Loss or damage to the myelin sheath may result in impairment of electrical axonal conduction and eventually to neuronal death. Such demyelination is responsible, at least in part, for the disabling neurodegeneration observed in pathologies such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Spinal Cord Injury. In the regenerative process of remyelination, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), the resident glial stem cell population of the adult CNS, migrate toward the injury site, proliferate and differentiate into adult oligodendrocytes which subsequently reform the myelin sheath. Existing research indicates that OPC migration is directed by chemomigratory signals released from the site of injury and that the absence of OPCs is a feature of some MS lesions, suggesting that increased recruitment of OPCs to injury sites might improve remyelination, eventually leading to treatments of patient pathologies. I hypothesized that as yet undiscovered migration cues for OPCs might be released at sites of demyelination, diffuse through the CNS tissue, activate distal OPCs and guide them back to sites of demyelination. In this thesis, I performed bioinformatics analysis of gene expression arrays and identified upregulated cell surface receptors on OPCs activated in a cuprizone model, and upregulated secreted factors in whole lesion sites from an LPC induced MS type injury model and a Spinal Cord Injury model. I then optimised the X-celligence system for the quantification of OPC migration in response to secreted factors identified in my bioinformatics screen. By combination of these techniques with immunofluorescent staining I discovered novel expression of the cell surface receptor CX3CR1 on OPCs, increased expression of the corresponding ligand CX3CL1 in both MS type injury and Spinal Cord Injury, increased directional migration of OPCs in response to low concentrations of CX3CL1, and increased maturation of OPCs into adult oligodendrocytes at high concentrations of CX3CL1. Taken together these results propose a system in which an increasing gradient of CX3CL1 released from the site of injury directs the recruitment, then maturation of OPCs, making CX3CL1 a master regulator of OPC led CNS regeneration.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the machine line FMS-200 made by the company SMC, its control and monitoring. The analysis includes communica-tion between every module of the line and the industrial robot MELFA. Based on this knowledge control programs and applications will be created which will be able to monitor and control the given process. Control programs for each module were created in STEP7 environment from Siemens. OPC server technology was used for communication between the modules and the robot. Control Web application has been made for monitoring and controling of each module. The result of this work can be applied to other production processes, combining various production processes and control elements.

This report presents the existence of a set of problems making the growth of the domotic field more difficult. They are mainly the lack of a common communication standard among devices and the existence of a proprietary market, where each provider focuses on developing its own devices, protocols and interfaces. There isn’t a convergence criterion in order to overcome this problem by the main domotic providers. Several studies try to overcome this problem by applying different strategies. This study analyses the main strategies followed in that field, concluding with a model that combines them. The model is based on the use of OPC and web services.

Denna rapport beskriver vilken kommunikationskvalitet i form av prestanda, tillförlitlighet och tillgänglighet som kan förväntas av datakommunikationsstandarden OPC. För att ta fram information om kommunikationskvalitén har en praktisk utvärdering i form av duglighetstester utförts. Den praktiska utvärderingen har gjorts med Bosch Rexroths OPC-server OPC.IwSCP och mot Bosch Rexroths styrsystem MTX High Performance. Rapporten ger svar på vilken kommunikationskvalitet som kan förväntas med specificerad OPC-server och styrsystem. Rapporten beskriver också hur några av parametrarna i OPC Foundations API:er påverkar kommunikationskvalitén. Även andra faktorer så som brist på CPU-kraft för OPC-server/OPC-klient påverkar kommunikationskvalitén testas och utvärderas. Resultatet ifrån utförda duglighetstester analyseras utifrån hur möjligheten är att använda OPC för ett driftuppföljning/driftövervakningssystem utvecklat av Volvo IT i Skövde.

The diploma thesis deals with a new approach to create a robotic arm trajectory. The first part descibes existing methods of trajectory planning. The second part shows virtual point method, implementation of the trajectory planning into the web environment and trajectory generation. Third part descibes the virtual robot model and designed comunnication protocols. The fourth part shows grafical user interface and his posibilities. The last part presents implemention of web aplication into industrial visualization.

Simulating a model of a complex physical system can beuseful in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the system.OpenModelica is an open-source, modeling and simulation environmentin which such a simulation could be performed. This thesispresents a design and implementation of an interactive simulationprototype for the OpenModelica Connection Editor. After aninvestigation of the possibilities in the current OpenModelicaenvironment, several requirements were determined about howinteractive simulation should look and work. A prototype wasdeveloped based on these requirements. As a result, the prototypecan act as a base for applying further functionality to theinteractive simulation in both parallel and future works.

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