<p>Urbanization is nourishing the urban poverty. Half of the World’s population is urban citizens and the number is increasing. Solutions to challenges can come from new ideas as well as previous tools. This study investigates the feasibility of applying a rural development program, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), and developed into a slum development strategy. By choosing the Klong Toey slum in central Bangkok, Thailand, the study contextualizes the demographic characteristics, values and realities into a theoretically applied study.</p><p>The focal aim of the study is to increase the understanding of a bottom-up approach of socio-economical development. By formalizing the informal occupations and by highlighting alternative incomes for slum dwellers to integrate in participatory decision making and influence their own path of development increase the socio-economical conditions. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the OTOP project and systematically follow these variables into slum settings. Based on theoretical framework of participatory development and empowerment, the study discusses local contexts and Thai cultural characteristics followed by modifications of the original ideas from OTOP into a so called One Slum One Product (OSOP) project.</p> / <p>Urbanisering föder urban fattigdom. Hälften av världens befolkning är stadsbor och antalet ökar. Lösningar på utmaningarna kan komma från nya idéer likaväl som tidigare verktyg. Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna att tillämpa ett landsbygdsutvecklingsprogram, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), till en slumutvecklingsstrategi. Genom att välja Klong Toey- slummen i centrala Bangkok, Thailand, har studien kontextualiseras de demografiska karaktäristikerna, värderingar och verkligheter till en teoretiskt applicerad studie.</p><p>Studiens tyngdpunkt är att öka förståelsen av en så kallas bottom-up inställning av socioekonomisk utveckling. Genom att formalisera de informella yrkena och belysa alternativa inkomstkällor för sluminvånare samt att integrera dem i det demokratiska beslutsfattandet ökar man socioekonomiska villkor.Studien identifierar OTOP:s styrkor och svagheter och följer systematiskt dessa variabler i slummiljö. Utifrån de teoretiska ramverken för deltagande utveckling och empowerment diskuterar studien den lokala kontexten, thailändska kulturella drag och modifieringen av OTOP idén till en så kallad One Slum One Product (OSOP) projekt.</p>

Urbanization is nourishing the urban poverty. Half of the World’s population is urban citizens and the number is increasing. Solutions to challenges can come from new ideas as well as previous tools. This study investigates the feasibility of applying a rural development program, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), and developed into a slum development strategy. By choosing the Klong Toey slum in central Bangkok, Thailand, the study contextualizes the demographic characteristics, values and realities into a theoretically applied study. The focal aim of the study is to increase the understanding of a bottom-up approach of socio-economical development. By formalizing the informal occupations and by highlighting alternative incomes for slum dwellers to integrate in participatory decision making and influence their own path of development increase the socio-economical conditions. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the OTOP project and systematically follow these variables into slum settings. Based on theoretical framework of participatory development and empowerment, the study discusses local contexts and Thai cultural characteristics followed by modifications of the original ideas from OTOP into a so called One Slum One Product (OSOP) project. / Urbanisering föder urban fattigdom. Hälften av världens befolkning är stadsbor och antalet ökar. Lösningar på utmaningarna kan komma från nya idéer likaväl som tidigare verktyg. Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna att tillämpa ett landsbygdsutvecklingsprogram, One Tambon One Product (OTOP), till en slumutvecklingsstrategi. Genom att välja Klong Toey- slummen i centrala Bangkok, Thailand, har studien kontextualiseras de demografiska karaktäristikerna, värderingar och verkligheter till en teoretiskt applicerad studie. Studiens tyngdpunkt är att öka förståelsen av en så kallas bottom-up inställning av socioekonomisk utveckling. Genom att formalisera de informella yrkena och belysa alternativa inkomstkällor för sluminvånare samt att integrera dem i det demokratiska beslutsfattandet ökar man socioekonomiska villkor.Studien identifierar OTOP:s styrkor och svagheter och följer systematiskt dessa variabler i slummiljö. Utifrån de teoretiska ramverken för deltagande utveckling och empowerment diskuterar studien den lokala kontexten, thailändska kulturella drag och modifieringen av OTOP idén till en så kallad One Slum One Product (OSOP) projekt.

Thesis (M.P.H.M. (Primary Health Care Management))--Mahidol University, 2007. / LICL has E-Thesis 0023 ; please contact computer services.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地域研究) / 甲第24719号 / 地博第311号 / 新制||地||120(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科東南アジア地域研究専攻 / (主査)教授 玉田 芳史, 教授 片岡 樹, 准教授 中西 嘉宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Area Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

This thesis explores continuity and change in the developmental welfare approach in Thailand following the 1997 Asian financial crisis. It examines both the exogenous and endogenous forces that generated change as well as both the ‘process’ and the ‘content’ of transformation or responses to the crisis. It uses the One Tambon One Product (OTOP) policy as a case study to explore these changes. The principle research question is: To what extent did the post 1997 crisis policy on social protection in Thailand represent a shift from its existing institutional path of developmental welfarism? Extending from this overarching question are subsidiary questions, which guided the thesis. They include: To what extent did the OTOP policy address the social protection gaps that became apparent in the Asian financial crisis? To what extent did the OTOP policy benefit its target population? The thesis uses historical institutionalism (HI) and the role of ideas as the analytic frameworks in analyzing change. The thesis argues that the exogenous shock of the 1997 financial crisis contributed to some departure from the institutional path of developmental welfarism in Thailand. However, the change did not follow the conventional punctuated equilibrium (PE) model under the HI framework in the sense of moving from one equilibrium to another after an exogenous shock. Rather, the radical change that took place after the exogenous shock was gradual. The new set of institutional arrangement prompted significant ideational and institutional transformations. They involved both intended and unintended consequences of incremental shifts in the forms of ‘layering’ ‘drift’ and ‘conversion’ (Streeck and Thelen, 2005). In addition, the thesis argues that the transformation in Thailand after the 1997 financial crisis lies in an intermediate order of change that is found between shifts in policy instrument and a wholesale ‘paradigm shift’ (Hall, 1993). Here, apart from having introduced a new policy such as OTOP, the Thai government engaged in a broader rethinking of Thailand’s developmental welfare path. Moreover, the study finds that the structure of economic development in a developing country context can both promote and impede social protection, rather than only subordinate the latter. The claim is based on the finding that the expansion of economic policy goals in Thailand supported local development and increasing inclusiveness of the informal sector after the 1997 financial crisis. Finally, the thesis argues that social protection delivery or lack thereof reflects contestation of ideas as well as material interests. Both the state and the policy beneficiaries in the OTOP context pushed for their interests when there were gaps between policy formulation and implementation. As a result, changes occurred both in the policy goals and in who benefited from OTOP.