Uppsatsen syftar till att genom en analys av tre tal undersöka på vilket sätt USA:s president Barack Obama använder sig av berättelser om sin familj och sin bakgrund i sina tal för att försöka stärka sitt ethos. Uppsatsen har tre huvudsakliga frågeställningar: När i talen pratar Obama om sin familj och bakgrund? Vad i dessa berättelser kan höja Obamas ethos och skapa förtroende för honom? Vilka retoriska grepp använder Obama för att försöka få så många som möjligt att känna att de har något gemensamt med honom?   Det material som analyseras i uppsatsen är tre tal framförda av Barack Obama. Det är det presentationstal (The Keynote Speech) som han höll på Demokraternas konvent 2004 när John Kerry skulle nomineras till presidentkandidat, det tal Obama höll om sin pastor när denne uttalat sig rasistiskt om vita (A More Perfect Union) samt det segertal han höll i Grant Park i Chicago 2008 då det stod klart att han blivit vald till USA:s 44:e president. Dessa tre tal har valts ut som analysmaterial då de dels rent kronologiskt speglar olika tidpunkter och avsatser i hans karriär och dels visar på tre olika sammanhang, ett då han egentligen presenterar en annan person (Keynote Speech) men ändå lyckas göra det även till ett presentationstal av sig själv, ett där han snarare ger ett slags försvarstal (A More Perfect Union) och ett som är mer präglat av glädje och förhoppning (The Victory Speech).   Den teori som presenteras i uppsatsen rör framför allt ethos, den retoriska situationen och topikläran, men en kortare genomgång av den klassiska retorikens tre talgenrer, partesläran, publikbegreppet och presidenttal genomförs även. Vad gäller uppsatsens metod utgörs den av en kombination av olika metoder då det inte finns någon enskild metod som är ultimat för uppsatsens syfte. De metoder som använts är delar av Maria Karlberg & Brigitte Mrals analysmodell från Heder och påverkan, nämligen kontext-, stil- och dispositionsanalys, ordvalsanalys enligt Roderick P. Hart samt en narrativ analysmetod utifrån Sonja K. Foss bok Rhetorical Criticism – Exploration and Practice.   Vad gäller de slutsatser som kan dras är två tydliga retoriska grepp som Obama använder sig av de värdeladdade orden och kodorden. Det finns ett överskott av positiva termer i de analyserade delarna av talen och det är knappast konstigt med tanke på att han pratar om saker som betyder mycket för honom. Familj är något som många kan relatera till, och därför kan man skapa gemenskap genom att prata om familjen och familjerelaterade frågor. Han beskriver hela tiden sin familj och släkt mycket kärleksfullt, och sanningen i det hela kan sägas bekräftas till exempel när Michelle Obama i slutet av The Keynote Speech kommer upp på scenen och omfamnar sin make. Vad gäller kodorden i sin tur är det ett effektivt sätt att göra USA:s befolkning till en grupp. Han använder begrepp som förmodligen är självklara för de flesta amerikaner och får dem därigenom att känna sig insatta och på samma nivå som talaren. På samma sätt finns även många stilfigurer som syftar till att måla upp positiva och vackra bilder av både familjen och landet USA.  Genom att använda sig av berättelserna om sin familj och bakgrund blir han personlig med publiken vilket gör att det är lättare att ta till sig vad han säger, och även lättare att få förtroende för honom.

Thesis (B.A.) Summa Cum Laude --Butler University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-85).

Based on theoretical background and Barack Obama's campaign analysis this paper is aiming to define the trends in the field of political marketing. The conclusion is (a) a complex employment of marketing tools and strategies with focus on synergy of "new" and "old" media ("postmodern campaigns"), (b) necessity of "permanent campaigning", (c) profesionalization of strategy and execution, (d) personalization of message, political supply and of citizens and (e) change of electorate's reaction to campaign communication, which has been caused by usage of digital technologies and influence of pop culture.

This dissertation critically examined how Barack Obama discursively constructed his Africanity (African identity/descent) within the framework of the 2008 U.S. presidential election, and how a select group of six newspapers from three continents refracted or re-presented Obama's narrative in their coverage of his campaign. Two major theoretical frameworks underpin this study: framing and Afrocentricity. Framing analysis, an approach that allows researchers to account for frame packages, identity narratives, issue definitions, and major themes, served as the major methodological tool for this investigation. To critically analyze Obama's use of Africanity, this study focused on eight relevant speeches during the 2008 presidential campaign season, his books (Dreams from My Father and Audacity of Hope), and newspaper reports from six different countries. The media outlets studied for possible refraction and emergent frames included ThisDay (Nigeria), Daily Nation (Kenya), Al Ahram (Egypt), Mail & Guardian (South Africa), The New York Times (United States), and The Times of London (Britain). Three Afrocentric themes emerged from an in-depth analysis of the selected speeches: American exceptionalism, African roots and memories of a father, and African value of community. The following themes were identified in Obama's two best sellers, Dreams from My Father and Audacity of Hope: Roots and memories of a father: distance and shame; Roots and memories of a father: negotiation, confusion and emptiness; African lineage: acceptance and Afrocentricity; and African values of community. Finally newspaper coverage refracted two themes from Obama's speeches and books: African roots, ancestry, and memories of a father; and Afrocentric values of community, with two additional subthemes of Africa outside the trope of crisis/redemption, and the old idea of Africa. Ultimately, the results generated demonstrate that Obama's speeches, books, and newspaper constructions contributed to the shaping of his identity during the 2008 U.S. presidential race. The Afrocentric themes present in Obama's books and speeches were largely refracted by newspaper coverage. Specifically, his Afrocentric themes based on the memory of father and his Kenyan roots, and his language on togetherness, community, and working collectively, run through his books and speeches. In essence these communicative materials laid the foundations for his run for political office and, perhaps more importantly, demonstrated the effectiveness of Obama's political messaging and skill as a politician. More than that, the re-presentation of then-candidate Obama's Afrocentric narrative in newspaper coverage across the board is profound because it represents a clear departure from the old primordial ways of covering Africa by representing the continent in a positive redemptive frame.

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on August 28, 2009). Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Kristina Sheeler. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-75).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:42:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Enrico Rosa Trevisan.pdf: 608655 bytes, checksum: 5b9587da0c739eaea4238262195fc7d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-29 / In a context of various tools being used for electoral communication, the present work aims to discuss and analyze the characteristics of the Internet as a new media for political and electoral propaganda. To reach this goal, a series of arguments were created a from a social psychology point of view, to understand the human and sociological aspects of the relationship between the target of political messages and the communicators of such messages. For a deeper understanding of the Internet as a media, an analysis of the Internet was carried out giving due attention to its essential characteristics to show that the virtual environment is effectively a new media capable of carrying political messages. In order to understand the use of communication tools for electoral purposes, a literature search was carried out to discriminate different forms of political communication in Brazilian history. Finally, the Barack Obama campaign was used as case study to analyze and understand the Internet as an election tool. From this, it was possible to identify, the real innovation brought by this media to the electoral communication culture / Em um contexto de uso de diversas ferramentas para comunicação eleitoral, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir e analisar as características da Internet como um novo meio de comunicação para propaganda política e eleitoral. Para que fosse atingido este objetivo, foi elaborada uma argumentação de Psicologia Social para que fossem compreendidos os aspectos humanos e sociológicos da relação entre o público receptor de mensagens políticas e os emissores de tais mensagens. Em um segundo momento foi realizado uma análise da Internet como meio de comunicação, dando devida atenção à suas características essenciais para evidenciar que o ambiente virtual é, efetivamente, uma nova mídia capaz de carregar mensagens políticas. Com o intuito de compreender o uso de ferramentas de comunicação para fins eleitorais, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre as diferentes formas de comunicação política na história brasileira. Por fim, a campanha de Barack Obama foi utilizada como estudo de caso para se analisar e compreender o uso da Internet como ferramenta de campanha eleitoral sendo possível identificar, no caso estudado, a real inovação trazida para este meio para o que se conhece de cultura de comunicação eleitoral

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-05-17T15:10:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 joaopauloalmeidasiqueiradeoliveira.pdf: 1800338 bytes, checksum: 50694618f90a0c0e5daf9e1e8c6c707d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-17T16:17:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joaopauloalmeidasiqueiradeoliveira.pdf: 1800338 bytes, checksum: 50694618f90a0c0e5daf9e1e8c6c707d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-17T16:17:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joaopauloalmeidasiqueiradeoliveira.pdf: 1800338 bytes, checksum: 50694618f90a0c0e5daf9e1e8c6c707d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-30 / Este trabalho tem como premissa a investigação do efeito sociológico realizado pela campanha Obama for America durante a disputa pela indicação Democrata para a eleição presidencial americana de 2008, Serão descritas as regras do Sistema Eleitoral Americano, o marketing eleitoral no Estados Unidos e as transformações decorridas em relação ao cidadão na passagem do paradigma massificante ao que privilegia o indivíduo e a individuação da sociedade. Serão comparadas a utilização das ferramentas online por esta candidatura e a de sua rival, Hillary Clinton. A semiótica peirceana será aplicada na interpretação dos signos de mudança que compuseram as mensagens aos eleitores americanos em 2008. / This work is premised on the sociological effect of the researchcarried out by Obama for America campaign during the contest for the Democratic nomination for the 2008 U.S. presidential election,will describe the rules of the American electoral system, electoral marketing in the United States and the changes in elapsed citizen in relation to the transition of the massifying that privileges the individual and the individuation of society. Will compare the use of online tools for this application and its rival, Hillary Clinton. Peircean Semiotics will be applied in interpreting the signs of change that composed the message to American voters in 2008.

The presented diploma thesis deals with the issue of American immigration policy, with emphasis on the immigration policies of the two former US presidents - George W. Bush and Barack Obama, and their comparison. The main purpose of this thesis is to answer the question, why their comprehensive immigration reform plans failed. KEYWORDS US; Immigration; Immigration Policies; George W. Bush; Barack Obama

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The impact of new technology on the current presidential campaign has prevailed. A small but fundamental change quietly took place in the candidate’s website—Barack Obama’s official campaign blog. The campaign is now operating two sub-blogs at the same time, the Obamablog (also known as the Obama HQ blog) and the Community Blog. The former becomes a must-have tool in a political campaigner’s strategy, whereas the latter, which allows visitors to actually write, publish, and manage posts, is novel. This new function seems an audacious step up from the rest of the blogs of this kind since the 2004 presidential election because it gives citizen users freedom to express their own ideas that could put the campaign on an impromptu situation to respond.

On January 8th, 2011 tragedy struck in Tucson, Arizona. A gunman opened fire on Representative Gabrielle Giffords' "Congress on Your Corner" event, wounding thirteen and killing six ("Arizona Shooting"). Four days later, President Obama spoke to a grieving crowd at the University of Arizona's McKale Memorial Center. This study seeks to demonstrate how the dramatistic process and the pentad provide insight into how Obama guides the nation through the process of relieving the guilt. Specifically, Obama's call for mortification instead of scapegoating as the means for victimage is examined in light of the context and organizational structure of the speech. In addition, a pentadic analysis of the speech is conducted, showing Obama's stress on the agent-agency ratio and a corresponding idealist-pragmatist outlook. Finally, conclusions are drawn about what this study adds to the academic literature on national eulogies, the presidency, and rhetorical studies at large. / Graduation date: 2012