The primary objective of this study was to examine the basis of the assumption that vocational student organizations (VSOs) are teaching devices for affective work competencies (AWC). It addressed as the major question: What is the relationship between participation in Home Economics Related Occupations (HERO) activities and HERO members' perceived AWC? The study also sought to determine if other selected variables (adviser effectiveness, age, work, work experience, occupational area, and sex) existed in explaining AWC. Equally important was the determination of variable combinations that best predicted AWC. Purposive, structural sampling provided 410 HERO members in 18 chapters selected from the five home economics supervisory areas of Virginia: Eleven chapter advisers were identified as more effective and seven were identified as less effective. Data were collected via two self-report instruments: The HERO Participation Inventory (developed by the researcher) and the Work Attitudes Inventory (Brauchle & Petty, 1983). The stepwise model of multiple linear regression analysis (MRA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were statistical procedures used to analyze the data. Major conclusions were the following: (1) A positive and significant relationship existed between HERO participation and AWC variable factors of Ambition, Self-Control, Enthusiasm, and Conscientiousness. (2) HERO participation was the best predictor of Ambition, Self-Control, and Enthusiasm, and the fourth best predictor of Conscientiousness. (3) Adviser effectiveness correlated positively and significantly with Ambition, Enthusiasm, and Conscientiousness, and was the second best predictor of Ambition and Enthusiasm. / Ed. D.

No uniform plan has been developed to evaluate career information delivery systems or to collect data from the various systems. Out of this context, a theoretical evaluation model was developed by which internal or external evaluators of career information delivery systems may develop evaluation strategies. The proposed model offers a comprehensive approach to the study and evaluation of career information delivery systems. A symbolic representation and narrative description of the various aspects of the proposed model are presented. Three groups of data sources have been identified to make significant contributions for immediate and longitudinal studies and include: (1) users (students and clients); (2) user site personnel (staff/counselors); and (3) administrators. The coordinated and interrelated parts of career information delivery systems are identified as (1) the organization and management structure, (2) information development, (3) information delivery, (4) user services, (5) economic efficiency, and (6) user impact. The model is flexible enough to allow for a wide variety of evaluation strategies and can be divided, as appropriate, into several phases. Furthermore, a sample evaluation study on a major component of the evaluation model, information delivery, was implemented on the 1981 Virginia Career Information Delivery System microfiche. The data for this study was collected by three methods: (1) a questionnaire to obtain user reactions and demographic information, (2) a questionnaire to obtain site information and, (3) on site interviews with structured questions to gather information in a less formal method. The purpose of this phase of the study was to illustrate proper application of one phase of the model which addressed the seventeen performance evaluation criteria identified by NOICC and thirteen additional items specific to state data collection identified by this writer. It is believed that this model will serve as an overall framework for future and more comprehensive studies, and in the end will improve career information delivery systems. / Ed. D.

by Yuen Siu Man Amy. / Thesis submitted in: August 1997. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-150). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Acknowledgments --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iv / Contents --- p.vii / List of Tables and Figures --- p.ix / Chapter Chapter One: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- "Women, Work and Gender Discrimination in Hong Kong" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- A Hidden Problem --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Argumentation Outline --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Methodology --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5 --- Structure of the Thesis --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- "Women, Gender Segregation and Career" --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1 --- Theoretical Overview of Gender Segregation of Work --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- "Women, Work Attitudes and Career Patterns" --- p.24 / Chapter 2.3 --- Framework and Conceptualization --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- The Overview of Gender Segregation of Work in Hong Kong --- p.32 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Labor Force Participation of Women --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2 --- Gender Segregation of Occupation --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3 --- "Men's Income, Women's Income" --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4 --- A Concluding Remark --- p.48 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- Entering into the Clerical Work Force --- p.50 / Chapter 4.1 --- Educational Credentials --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2 --- Double Burden --- p.57 / Chapter 4.3 --- Convenient Choice --- p.61 / Chapter 4.4 --- A Concluding Remark --- p.64 / Chapter Chapter Five: --- Three Types of Working Strategies --- p.65 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Process of Reproduction of Gender Segregation of Work --- p.66 / Chapter 5.2 --- Stable Working Strategy --- p.70 / Chapter 5.3 --- Horizontal Mobility Working Strategy: a Privilege of the Young Women --- p.81 / Chapter 5.4 --- The Strategy of Leaving Clerical Work: a Common Practice of the Young Men --- p.92 / Chapter Chapter Six: --- Reconceptualization of Career --- p.104 / Chapter 6.1 --- Different Life Concerns --- p.104 / Chapter 6.2 --- Women's Attitudes Towards Paid Work --- p.108 / Chapter 6.3 --- "Different Meanings of ""Career""" --- p.112 / Chapter 6.4 --- Producing and Reproducing Gender Segregation of Work --- p.116 / Chapter 6.5 --- "Reconceptualizing ""Career""" --- p.119 / Chapter Chapter Seven: --- Conclusion --- p.122 / Chapter 7.1 --- Between Gender and Within Gender Difference in Working Strategy --- p.122 / Chapter 7.2 --- The Different Concepts of Career and the Reproduction of Gender Segregation --- p.126 / Chapter 7.3 --- Theoretical Implications: Revision on Gender Segregation of Work --- p.128 / Chapter 7.4 --- Practical Implications: Policy Implementation --- p.131 / Appendix A: Profile of the Informants --- p.134 / Appendix B: Questionnaire of the Interviews --- p.137 / Bibliography --- p.143

Orientador: Paulo Celso Miceli / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T12:19:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_MariadoSocorrodeSousa_D.pdf: 3478272 bytes, checksum: 20587b21ea1335d9f698e0b10ca531f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Este trabalho de pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar e problematizar várias práticas de ocupação, bem como os usos políticos dos territórios amazônicos, no decorrer do século XX, e em destaque, a Amazônia mato-grossense - o vale do Araguaia. Para tanto, na perspectiva da História Cultural, o conjunto dos discursos que se aloja nas fontes documentais revela as estratégias de ação com as quais a multiplicidade de agentes sociais conduz seus propósitos. Nas arenas dos jogos de interesses distintos, estão imbricadas as dimensões do público e do privado, do geral e do particular, do formal e do informal, da ética e da estética. Nesse caminho, os resultados da pesquisa dão visibilidade aos múltiplos comportamentos individuais e coletivos que produzem encontros e desencontros, parceiros e adversários, aliados e inimigos, a partir das concepções que os grupos sociais formulam sobre o mundo em que vivem e, com elas, constroem suas experiências de vida. Na segunda metade do século passado, o "inventário" dos territórios amazônicos, com fins de exploração econômica, que se estabeleceu a partir das políticas governamentais, tem como suporte maior os conflitos agrários em função dos "negócios fundiários", em que se transformou o uso das terras. Nestas práticas de violência, se enfrentaram (e continuam se enfrentando) Igreja católica, empresários, poderes públicos (Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário), representações sociais como sindicatos, CNBB, ONG's, OAB, etc., o que tem chamado a atenção de jornalistas e intelectuais. Por último, a pesquisa, no seu todo, também aponta aspectos singulares de um tempo carregado de representações da modernidade, cujas ações colocam à prova, valores e tradições. As formas de agir, portanto, dão sentido às escolhas, aos comportamentos político-sociais e culturais, às vitórias e até aos fracassos com que as populações sertanejas (índios, ribeirinhos, agricultores pobres e imigrantes) constroem suas experiências de vida na dimensão e nas tramas do progresso / Abstract: This research aims to present and discuss various forms of occupation and the political uses of Amazon territories in the twentieth century, highlighting the Amazon in Mato Grosso - the Araguaia valley. Therefore, from the perspective of Cultural History, the set of discourses that constitute the documentary sources reveals the strategies of action with which the various social agents operate their purposes. In different games of interest, dimensions of public and private are intertwined, as well as the general and the particular, the formal and the informal, ethics and aesthetics. In this way, research results show the various individual and collective behaviors that produce meetings and disagreements, partners and adversaries, allies and enemies, from the conception that social groups formulate about the world they live in and, with them, build their life experiences. In the second half of the last century, the "inventory" of the Amazon spaces for economic exploitation purposes, which is established from government policies, originated many land conflicts on the basis of "land deals" that turned into land use. In these practices of violence, Catholic Church, entrepreneurs, government (Executive, Legislative and Judicial), social representations such as syndicate, CNBB, NGOs, OAB, etc., faced (and have been facing). And it has drawn the attention of journalists and intellectuals. Finally, research on the whole indicates the unique aspects of a historical time laden with representations of modernity, whose actions put values and traditions to the test. The forms of action, therefore, give meaning to the choices, political-economic and socio-cultural behaviors, victories and even failures with which the region's people (Indians, riverine, poor farmers and immigrants) build their life experiences in dimension and frames of progress / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutora em História

This study investigates black-white status inequality as an explication of central city residential segregation interregionally in 1960 and 1970. Using the popular index of dissimilarity (delta) to quantify educational, occupational and income inequality, it was found that the South was more unequal than the North, but much less so in 1970. Moreover, the level of Southern inequality was more the product of white advantage and the level of Northern inequality results more from significant black disadvantage than is commonly thought. While inequality in both the North and South varies greatly among cities, the sources of inequality were not stable over time nor across regions, as status dissimilarity was more a high status event in the North and in 1970. Since delta, as a nominal measure, is insensitive to such divergent sources of inequality, it was discounted for comparative research. Gini, an ordinal statistic, was also found inadequate in detecting these changes in what status inequality means. Therefore, a interval/ratio index, tridelta, was constructed for accurate interregional and cross time contrasts of status inequality. Furthermore, it was shown that delta measures racial differences as inequality, gini detects degrees of absolute deprivation and tridelta is a quantification of relative deprivation. Using status to explain residential segregation since 1940, showed that status is a weak, but increasingly important, determinant of the nation's cities' levels of segregation. Surprisingly, the North showed less status influence on segregation and closer congruence to 1940 and 1950 levels of segregation than did the South in 1960 and 1970, despite index employed. Occupational dissimilarity, not deprivation, was important in explaining segregation. In contrast, educational and to a lesser extent, income deprivation (relative in the South and absolute in the North) was important, although in the North, education's effect was unexplainedly inverse. Since the South was found to have a more egalitarian housing market, it was suggested that perhaps black status gains have been more visible in the South and that "the American dilemma" may be more salient there. Whatever, the South approaches parity with the North.

De nos jours les cartes d’utilisation/occupation du sol (USOS) à une échelle régionale sont habituellement générées à partir d’images satellitales de résolution modérée (entre 10 m et 30 m). Le National Land Cover Database aux États-Unis et le programme CORINE (Coordination of information on the environment) Land Cover en Europe, tous deux fondés sur les images LANDSAT, en sont des exemples représentatifs. Cependant ces cartes deviennent rapidement obsolètes, spécialement en environnement dynamique comme les megacités et les territoires métropolitains. Pour nombre d’applications, une mise à jour de ces cartes sur une base annuelle est requise. Depuis 2007, le USGS donne accès gratuitement à des images LANDSAT ortho-rectifiées. Des images archivées (depuis 1984) et des images acquises récemment sont disponibles. Sans aucun doute, une telle disponibilité d’images stimulera la recherche sur des méthodes et techniques rapides et efficaces pour un monitoring continue des changements des USOS à partir d’images à résolution moyenne. Cette recherche visait à évaluer le potentiel de telles images satellitales de résolution moyenne pour obtenir de l’information sur les changements des USOS à une échelle régionale dans le cas de la Communauté Métropolitaine de Montréal (CMM), une métropole nord-américaine typique. Les études précédentes ont démontré que les résultats de détection automatique des changements dépendent de plusieurs facteurs tels : 1) les caractéristiques des images (résolution spatiale, bandes spectrales, etc.); 2) la méthode même utilisée pour la détection automatique des changements; et 3) la complexité du milieu étudié. Dans le cas du milieu étudié, à l’exception du centre-ville et des artères commerciales, les utilisations du sol (industriel, commercial, résidentiel, etc.) sont bien délimitées. Ainsi cette étude s’est concentrée aux autres facteurs pouvant affecter les résultats, nommément, les caractéristiques des images et les méthodes de détection des changements. Nous avons utilisé des images TM/ETM+ de LANDSAT à 30 m de résolution spatiale et avec six bandes spectrales ainsi que des images VNIR-ASTER à 15 m de résolution spatiale et avec trois bandes spectrales afin d’évaluer l’impact des caractéristiques des images sur les résultats de détection des changements. En ce qui a trait à la méthode de détection des changements, nous avons décidé de comparer deux types de techniques automatiques : (1) techniques fournissant des informations principalement sur la localisation des changements et (2)techniques fournissant des informations à la fois sur la localisation des changements et sur les types de changement (classes « de-à »). Les principales conclusions de cette recherche sont les suivantes : Les techniques de détection de changement telles les différences d’image ou l’analyse des vecteurs de changements appliqués aux images multi-temporelles LANDSAT fournissent une image exacte des lieux où un changement est survenu d’une façon rapide et efficace. Elles peuvent donc être intégrées dans un système de monitoring continu à des fins d’évaluation rapide du volume des changements. Les cartes des changements peuvent aussi servir de guide pour l’acquisition d’images de haute résolution spatiale si l’identification détaillée du type de changement est nécessaire. Les techniques de détection de changement telles l’analyse en composantes principales et la comparaison post-classification appliquées aux images multi-temporelles LANDSAT fournissent une image relativement exacte de classes “de-à” mais à un niveau thématique très général (par exemple, bâti à espace vert et vice-versa, boisés à sol nu et vice-versa, etc.). Les images ASTER-VNIR avec une meilleure résolution spatiale mais avec moins de bandes spectrales que LANDSAT n’offrent pas un niveau thématique plus détaillé (par exemple, boisés à espace commercial ou industriel). Les résultats indiquent que la recherche future sur la détection des changements en milieu urbain devrait se concentrer aux changements du couvert végétal puisque les images à résolution moyenne sont très sensibles aux changements de ce type de couvert. Les cartes indiquant la localisation et le type des changements du couvert végétal sont en soi très utiles pour des applications comme le monitoring environnemental ou l’hydrologie urbaine. Elles peuvent aussi servir comme des indicateurs des changements de l’utilisation du sol. De techniques telles l’analyse des vecteurs de changement ou les indices de végétation son employées à cette fin. / Nowadays land use/land cover maps at regional scale are commonly generated with satellite data of medium spatial resolution (between 10 m and 30m). The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) in the United States and the Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) Land Cover program in Europe, both based on LANDSAT images, are two typical examples. However, these maps become rapidly obsolete, especially in highly dynamic areas such as mega cities and metropolitan areas. In many applications, such as to monitor the water quality affected by the Land use/Land cover (LULC) change, the spread of invasive species, policy making for city managers, annual updating of LULC maps is required. Since 2007, the USGS offers access to ortho-rectified LANDSAT imagery free of charge. Both archived (since 1984) and recently acquired images are available. Without doubt, such data availability will stimulate the research on fast and cost effective methods and techniques for “continuous” regional land cover/use map updating using medium resolution satellite imagery. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of such medium resolution satellite imagery for providing information on changes useful for the continuous updating of LULC maps at a regional scale in the case of the Montreal Metropolitan Community (MMC) area, a typical North American metropolis. Previous studies have demonstrated that many factors could affect the results of automatic change detection such as: (1) the characteristics of the images (spatial resolution, spectral bands, etc.); (2) the method itself used to automatically detect changes; and (3) the complexity of the landscape. In the study site except for the Central Business District (CBD) and some commercial streets, land uses (industrial, commercial, residential, etc.) are well delimited. Thus this study was focused on the other factors affecting change detection results, namely, the characteristics of the images and the method of change detection. We used 6 spectral bands of LANDSAT TM/ETM+ with 30 m spatial resolution and 3 spectral bands of ASTER-VNIR with 15 m spatial resolution to evaluate the impact of image characteristics on change detection. Concerning the change detection method, we decided to compare two types of automatic techniques: (1) techniques providing information principally on the location of changed areas,and (2) techniques providing information on both the location of changed areas and the type of changes ("from-to" classes). The main conclusions of this research are as follows: Change detection techniques such as image differencing or change vector analysis applied to LANDSAT multi-temporal imagery provide an accurate picture of changed areas in a fast and efficient manner. They can thus be integrated in a continuous monitoring system for a rapid evaluation of the volume of changes. The produced maps could be helpful to guide the acquisition of high spatial resolution imagery if a detailed identification of the type of changes is required. Change detection techniques such as principal component analysis and post-classification comparison applied to LANDSAT multi-temporal imagery could provide a relatively accurate picture of “from-to” classes but at a very general thematic level (for example, built-up to green space and vice-versa, forest lands to bare soil and vice-versa, etc.). ASTER images with better spatial resolution but with less spectral bands than LANDSAT images do not provide more detailed thematic information (for example forest land to commercial or industrial areas). The results indicate that future research should be focused on the detection of changes in the vegetation cover as medium resolution imagery is highly sensitive to this type of surface cover. Maps indicating the location and the type of changes in vegetation cover are in itself very useful for various applications, such as environmental monitoring or urban hydrology, and can be used as indicators on land use changes. Techniques such as change vector analysis or vegetation indices could be used to this end.

La thèse, menée dans le cadre d’une convention industrielle de formation par la recherche (CIFRE) avec l’Observatoire Régional des Métiers (ORM, Marseille), porte sur le thème des mobilités professionnelles, entendues comme l’ensemble des changements qui ponctuent le cours des vies au travail. Elle montre que la « mobilité professionnelle » est une expression polémique qui renvoie à la question de savoir dans quelle mesure le pouvoir de la norme vient aujourd’hui imposer une forme unilatérale aux multiples vécus du changement au travail. En effet, construire la mobilité professionnelle d’un point de vue discursif (dans les champs social, politique, juridique et épistémologique) conduit à l’instituer comme mode de vie. A partir de ce constat, étayé au cours de la première partie, il s’agit de voir en quoi s’intéresser de près au vécu du changement peut contribuer à retravailler la norme qui intime aujourd’hui l’ordre de « bouger ». Pour répondre à cette question, l’analyse de récits biographiques de trajectoires professionnelles permet d’appréhender la mobilité professionnelle comme expérience impliquant le déploiement d’une véritable « activité de transition ». L’axe de l’expérience est transversal à l’ensemble de la deuxième partie de la thèse et il est travaillé selon trois directions : celle du déploiement des compétences au cours des situations de transition, celle du métier à l’épreuve ou à l’appui des processus de mobilité et enfin celle du développement du « sujet de la mobilité », revenant sur la question de savoir comment « le même » reste à la fois lui-même et « devient autre » à travers l’expérience du changement. In fine l’ensemble des éléments développés ouvre la voie à une réélaboration possible du concept de mobilité professionnelle. Aussi, deux niveaux de lecture de la thèse ne peuvent être dissociés : l’un, portant sur l’expérience de la mobilité professionnelle, nourrit l’autre, concernant des enjeux épistémologiques de définition du phénomène considéré. / This doctoral thesis, which was supported in the framework of a CIFRE funding agreement with the Observatoire Régional des Métiers (ORM, the Regional Occupational Observatory in Marseille), focuses on the theme of occupational mobility, defined as the whole set of changes which occur during people’s working lives. The author explains what a controversial term “occupational mobility” is, since it raises questions about the difference between discursive norms and how people actually experience the occupational changes made during their careers. Introducing the concept of occupational mobility into public discourse (in the social, political, juridical and epistemological fields) is bound to set mobility up as a way of life. Based on this conclusion reached in the first part of this study, it was proposed to examine how it may be possible to modulate the current coercive norm which incites people to keep on changing, by looking more closely at how these occupational changes have been experienced. To answer this question, some peoples’ personal accounts of their occupational trajectories were analyzed, and occupational mobility was found to be an experience which requires the ability to invest in transition as if it were an activity in itself. The theme of personal experience which runs through the whole of the second part of this study is approached from three different angles: how people’s skills are deployed during the transition phase, how people’s occupational skills are either put to the test or facilitate the process of mobility, and how the “mobile subject” develops as the result of this experience, i.e., how each person remains exactly the same while “becoming another person” due to this experience of change. In conclusion, all the aspects addressed here point to the need to revisit the concept of occupational mobility. The two levels at which this study was undertaken are therefore indissociable: the findings made on people’s personal experience of occupational mobility contribute to identifying the epistemological stakes involved in defining the phenomenon in question.

Orientador: Artênio José Isper Garbin / Banca: Rogério Nogueira de Oliveira / Banca: Eliel Soares Orenha / Resumo: Objetivou-se verificar e analisar a ocorrência de atitudes discriminatórias de profissionais de saúde na assistência à saúde de pessoas com HIV/AIDS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantiqualitativa com a participação de 68 pessoas com HIV/AIDS provenientes de quatro ONGs/AIDS dos seguintes municípios: Araçatuba-SP, Birigui-SP, Dourados-MS e Uberlândia- MG. Os participantes da pesquisa, após consentimento livre e esclarecido, responderam a questionários auto-administrados contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas abrangendo o tema proposto. Posteriormente, realizaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas individuais com 19 indivíduos que haviam vivenciado situações discriminatórias praticadas por profissionais de saúde. Para a análise dos resultados, utilizou-se o programa Epi-info, versão 6.04 (dados quantitativos) e a análise de conteúdo (dados qualitativos). Dentre os 68 participantes da pesquisa, 41,2% afirmaram terem sido discriminados por profissionais de saúde, dos quais 78,6% foram discriminados no serviço público de saúde. Dentre as situações discriminatórias vivenciadas pelos portadores do HIV, em 34,2% estavam envolvidos os profissionais de enfermagem, em 34,2% os cirurgiões-dentistas e em 31,6% os médicos. Por meio dos relatos foi possível observar que as atitudes discriminatórias ocorreram através do atendimento diferenciado, recusa de tratamento ou utilização de medidas extras de biossegurança, tendo ocorrido inclusive em instituições de ensino superior na área da saúde. É necessária a adoção de estratégias para combater a ocorrência de tais atos visando-se a humanização na assistência a saúde de pessoas com HIV/AIDS e a melhoria na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. / Abstract: This study aimed to verify and to analyze the occurrence of discriminatory attitudes of health care workers in the assistance to the health of people living with HIV/AIDS. A quantitativequalitative research was carried out with the participation of 68 HIV-positive people proceeding from four Not Governmental Organizations for AIDS from four brazilian cities. The participants of the research answered the auto-administrate questionnaires that contained open and closed questions including the considered subject. Later, it was carried out face to face semistructuralized interviews with 19 individuals who had been discriminated by health care workers. For the analysis of the data we used the Epi-info, version 6.04 program and the content analysis. Among the sixty-eight participants, 41.2% stated to have been discriminated by health care workers and among these people, 78.6% had been discriminated in the health public service. The discriminatory situations were practiced by nursing professionals (34.2%), dentists (34.2%) and physicians (31.6%). Through the stories it was possible to observe that the discriminatory attitudes occurred by the differentiated attendance, refusal of treatment or by the adoption of extra precautions measures, having also occurred in colleges with courses in health area. The adoption of strategies to fight against the occurrence of such acts is necessary aiming at human assistance to the health of HIV-positive individuals and the improvement in the life quality of these patients. / Mestre

Neste trabalho investigamos a atuação dos movimentos sociais de moradia que disputam o espaço central da cidade de São Paulo para produção de habitação de interesse social (HIS). Para isso apresentamos o processo de alteração espacial ocorrido na região central a partir da industrialização e posteriormente a reorganização do espaço urbano conduzida pelo Estado e agentes financeiros visando produzir novas centralidades e requalificar espaços degradados na região central, apresentamos também a atuação dos movimentos sociais de moradia que surgiram a partir da década de 90. Os movimentos pesquisados são: Frente de Luta pela Moradia (FLM), Movimento Sem-Teto do Centro (MSTC) e Movimento de Moradia na Luta por Justiça (MMLJ), estes movimentos se destacam por sua capacidade de articulação política e quantidade de imóveis ocupados na região central. Aprofundamos este trabalho em três ocupações, Prestes Maia com 478 famílias, Mauá com 248 famílias e a ocupação hotel Cambridge com 171 famílias, ao todo vivem nestes espaços 897 famílias. Buscamos compreender estas disputas através das ocupações de imóveis que ocorreram durante o período de 2002 a 2012. Nestas ocupações se dão as dinâmicas de organização e luta pelo espaço urbano central, se tornando espaços de luta e esperança para a classe trabalhadora de menor renda que integram estes movimentos. Estas ocupações na região central da cidade se tornaram espaços de resistência em meio ao concreto da indiferença causada pela renda da terra. Espaços de luta, pois, para eles: \"Quem não luta, está morto!\" / In this work we investigate the role of social movements for housing contesting for the central space of the city of São Paulo for production of social housing (HIS). To this end we introduce the processs of spatial changes occurred in the central region. The surveyed movements are: Fighting Front for Housing (FLM), Motion Homeless Center (MSTC) and Housing Movement in the Struggle for Justice (MMLJ), these movements stand out for their joint capacity policy and amount of occupied buildings in the central region. Deepen this work in three occupations, Prestes Maia with 478 families, with Mauá 248 families and Cambridge hotel occupancy with 171 families in all living 897 families in these spaces. We seek to understand these disputes by of real estate occupations that occurred during the period 2002-2012. These occupations are given the organizational dynamics and struggle for space urban center, becoming spaces of struggle and hope for the class working lower-income falling within these movements. These occupations in the downtown area have become areas of resistance in amid the indifference of the concrete caused by land rent. Spaces of struggle, because to them, \"Who does not fight, is dead!\"

Neste trabalho investigamos a atuação dos movimentos sociais de moradia que disputam o espaço central da cidade de São Paulo para produção de habitação de interesse social (HIS). Para isso apresentamos o processo de alteração espacial ocorrido na região central a partir da industrialização e posteriormente a reorganização do espaço urbano conduzida pelo Estado e agentes financeiros visando produzir novas centralidades e requalificar espaços degradados na região central, apresentamos também a atuação dos movimentos sociais de moradia que surgiram a partir da década de 90. Os movimentos pesquisados são: Frente de Luta pela Moradia (FLM), Movimento Sem-Teto do Centro (MSTC) e Movimento de Moradia na Luta por Justiça (MMLJ), estes movimentos se destacam por sua capacidade de articulação política e quantidade de imóveis ocupados na região central. Aprofundamos este trabalho em três ocupações, Prestes Maia com 478 famílias, Mauá com 248 famílias e a ocupação hotel Cambridge com 171 famílias, ao todo vivem nestes espaços 897 famílias. Buscamos compreender estas disputas através das ocupações de imóveis que ocorreram durante o período de 2002 a 2012. Nestas ocupações se dão as dinâmicas de organização e luta pelo espaço urbano central, se tornando espaços de luta e esperança para a classe trabalhadora de menor renda que integram estes movimentos. Estas ocupações na região central da cidade se tornaram espaços de resistência em meio ao concreto da indiferença causada pela renda da terra. Espaços de luta, pois, para eles: \"Quem não luta, está morto!\" / In this work we investigate the role of social movements for housing contesting for the central space of the city of São Paulo for production of social housing (HIS). To this end we introduce the processs of spatial changes occurred in the central region. The surveyed movements are: Fighting Front for Housing (FLM), Motion Homeless Center (MSTC) and Housing Movement in the Struggle for Justice (MMLJ), these movements stand out for their joint capacity policy and amount of occupied buildings in the central region. Deepen this work in three occupations, Prestes Maia with 478 families, with Mauá 248 families and Cambridge hotel occupancy with 171 families in all living 897 families in these spaces. We seek to understand these disputes by of real estate occupations that occurred during the period 2002-2012. These occupations are given the organizational dynamics and struggle for space urban center, becoming spaces of struggle and hope for the class working lower-income falling within these movements. These occupations in the downtown area have become areas of resistance in amid the indifference of the concrete caused by land rent. Spaces of struggle, because to them, \"Who does not fight, is dead!\"