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Both private and public sectors own and operate an array of office buildings that consume energy and contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. In an attempt to reduce energy demands, an analysis into the cost/benefit relationship of incorporating energy retrofit measures (ERMs) was carried out. The main objective was to develop a methodology for screening office buildings for both their current level of energy efficiency and their potential for retrofit applications. Optimal retrofit options can be determined by examining how different building characteristics affect the benefits received from improving various components. By characterizing the office building stock into a manageable set of representative models, it was possible to make estimations on energy consumption for lights, computers, pumps, fans, hot water supply, cooling and heating loads. Employing EnergyPlus, an energy modelling software package, these representative building models were analyzed using three different climate regions for the specific effects that altering building components have on energy consumption. Using a statistical regression analysis, a set of equations was derived for determining the energy consumption based on building-specific variable values. A life cycle cost analysis was used to obtain the net present value associated with the implementation of various retrofit ERMs. Payback period was adopted to quantify the cost effectiveness of ERMs. / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)

The problem undertaken is a study of certain basic techniques of office management as they apply to the efficient supervision of a small office. The study deals with such fundamental functions of management as the selection and guidance of office personnel, the handling of correspondence and transcription, the manipulation of office files, and the choice of equipment and supplies within the range of a limited budget. It is a survey of existing office practices.

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Com o crescimento da demanda por escritórios sua ocupação nas cidades sofreu profundas transformações. O perfil das necessidades da demanda também se alterou e, em função dessas mudanças, novos centros de negócios foram criados em várias metrópoles, incluindo São Paulo. É nesse quadro que iremos discutir as qualidades localizacionais de escritórios.O trabalho apresenta a discussão sobre as características localizacionais desejadas pelos principais usuários de escritórios na metrópole contemporânea e seus reflexos no mercado. / The occupancy of city offices has suffered profound transformations due to a growing demand. The profile of those offices and their demand necessities have also changed and new businesses centers were made in many metropolis. In accordance to it we will here discuss the office location qualities.This paper presents a discussion about main users’ wanted location characteristics in offices in big contemporary cities and their reactions to market.

Kwok Ping Ki. / Title also in Chinese. / Summary in Chinese. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Includes bibliographical references.

<p>Denna studies syfte är att synliggöra vilket förändringsarbete som sker inom den kommunala verksamheten när organisationer går från en hieraktiskt organisationsstruktur till en processinriktidad organisation. Studien genomfördes i en svensk kommun och fallstudie användes som metod. Den data som samlades in bestod av intervjuer av individer involverade i projektet, dokumentation och egna observationer. Analysen som gjordes på fallstudien utgick från fyra olika förändringsperspektiv. Genom perspektiven kan djupare förståelse skapas för det som händer i en organisation i förändring. Enligt studien ses förändringen som någonting positivt, men nya organisatoriska hinder uppstod till följd av det nya samarbetet. Bland annat strukturella problem på hur de olika organisationerna ska vara fristående men ändå samarbetande. Studien visar på att betrakta orgranisationen ur flera perspektiv kan ge djupare förståelse av vilka effekter det får på organisationen. Bland annat kan samma situation uttrycka sig annorlunda beroende från vilket perspektiv som betraktras. Vår slutsats är att kommunal verksamhet är komplex och mycket svår att förstå. Avtal mellan kundtjänst och förvalting kan ses som enkla instruktioner till kundtjänstpersonalen. Genom flerperspektivanalys kan dessa instruktioner få en ny innebörd och visa på oförutsedda effekter för hela organisationen.</p>