With the implementation of Curriculum 2005 (C2005) in South Africa profound changes were also made to technical education. For example, the name technical education made way for the name technology education, the senior secondary phase was replaced with the Further Education and Training band (FET), the syllabuses made way for curricula and all technical subjects were restructured, reduced and re-curriculated to four new subjects. These four new subjects are defined in the New Curriculum Statement (NCS) documents and should be taught according to the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) principles. This study was undertaken to determine the nature of technology education in the phase, what competencies these teachers should have and what the perceptions of final year students in this phase are, regarding their vocational competencies. The above named objectives were aimed at contributing guidelines with the purpose of improving the training of FET technology teachers. In order to answer the above named questions a literature review, a qualitative and a quantitative study was undertaken. The literature revealed that technology teaching in the FET phase in South Africa has to do with education that focuses on the teaching of technological knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. The technology education in this phase focuses on electrical, mechanical, civil and design fields, with emphasis on problem solutions and the achievement of four well-defined outcomes. The implementation of FET technology in South Africa follows the international trend to place all training with a technical or technology bias under the banner of technology education because teaching only knowledge and skills were no longer sufficient. Because South Africa is still a developing country, there are unique and distinctive problems facing the effective teaching of technology. In order to train teachers effectively for the new curriculum the opinions of practicing school 'principals and experienced teachers in FET technology should be asked to determine what is expected from these novice teachers in practise. A qualitative study revealed that principals and other senior staff members of technical schools (FET) have certain expectations with regard to the competencies and capabilities of their technology teachers. These requirements, for example, includes professional competencies, general, teaching and practical skills and abilities such as subject knowledge and didactical knowledge. In a qualitative study, in which 20 of the final year FET technology students participated, it was found that according to them, they are, to a great extent, equipped for their task as teachers. With few exceptions, the students felt that they were well-equipped in terms of professional, general, teaching and practical skills as they were properly guided in subject and didactic knowledge. As for the training of technical teachers in the FET phase, it was found that the training to a large extent meets the demands of education and the needs of schools, but that there are one or two areas of training that might be improved on and that there are certain misconceptions when students need to judge the value of certain modules. These misconceptions or problem areas mainly focus on the educational programme, practical teaching, education administration and training in practical skills. Specific recommendations are made regarding the training of technical teachers for the FET phase: Recommendations from this study focus on: • Better planned, more effective and relevant workshop practical training. • Greater exposure to, or better planned exposure to, practical education. • Better definition or tuition of educational and didactical modules. • Specific modules exposing students to more imitated administrative tasks. • Promotion of workshop safety. This study focused on the nature of technology education in the FET band in South Africa, the training of teachers who must be able to teach technology in the FET band and the unique abilities they should possess. Recommendations from this study can thus contribute in improving FET technology training in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Kinders bring ‘n groot gedeelte van hul tyd by die skool deur. Onderwysers is die enigste ander persone behalwe die gesin wat op ‘n daaglikse basis kontak het met kinders. Onderwysers kan ‘n groot invloed uitoefen op kinders. Indien kinders probleme ervaar by die huis, kan hulle moontlik ‘n onderwyser daarvan vertel. Kinders kan moontlik seksuele misbruik bekend maak aan onderwysers. Indien kinders nie seksuele misbruik bekend maak nie, toon hulle egter soms simptome wat as indikatore kan dien dat hulle seksueel misbruik word. Onderwysers moet egter oor die nodige kennisbasis beskik om hierdie indikatore te kan identifiseer. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, moet onderwysers weet hoe om te reageer op hierdie bekendmaking. Onderwysers het ‘n wetlike verpligting om seksuele misbruik aan te meld by die polisie. Om dit aan te meld, moet onderwysers egter kennis dra van hul wetlike verpligting en van die gevolge indien hulle dit nie sou aanmeld nie. Indien ‘n kind seksuele misbruik bekend maak, behoort daar ‘n prosedure in plek te wees by skole om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer. Die doelstelling van die navorsing was om die rol van die onderwyser ten opsigte van die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te ondersoek. Daar is van die opname prosedure gebruik gemaak om kwalitatiewe data te bekom. ‘n Nie–waarskynlikheidssteekproef en meer spesifiek ‘n toevallige steekproef is getrek en agt deelnemers is in ‘n hoofonde rsoek betrek, waar ‘n self–gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule gebruik is om die kennisbasis van onderwysers van seksuele misbruik vas te stel. Hierdie onderhoudskedule is gedurende persoonlike onderhoude gebruik met die agt deelnemers. Dit is vanuit die bevindinge duidelik dat die kennisbasis van onderwysers ten opsigte van seksuele misbruik beperk is. Onderwysers weet nie hoe om die bekendmaking van seksuele misbruik te hanteer nie. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, is daar nie prosedures in plek om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer nie. Onderwysers benodig meer opleiding om seksuele misbruik te hanteer, sodat hulle beter toegerus kan word om die aanmeldings van seksuele misbruik te verwys. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

With the implementation of Curriculum 2005 (C2005) in South Africa profound changes were also made to technical education. For example, the name technical education made way for the name technology education, the senior secondary phase was replaced with the Further Education and Training band (FET), the syllabuses made way for curricula and all technical subjects were restructured, reduced and re-curriculated to four new subjects. These four new subjects are defined in the New Curriculum Statement (NCS) documents and should be taught according to the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) principles. This study was undertaken to determine the nature of technology education in the phase, what competencies these teachers should have and what the perceptions of final year students in this phase are, regarding their vocational competencies. The above named objectives were aimed at contributing guidelines with the purpose of improving the training of FET technology teachers. In order to answer the above named questions a literature review, a qualitative and a quantitative study was undertaken. The literature revealed that technology teaching in the FET phase in South Africa has to do with education that focuses on the teaching of technological knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. The technology education in this phase focuses on electrical, mechanical, civil and design fields, with emphasis on problem solutions and the achievement of four well-defined outcomes. The implementation of FET technology in South Africa follows the international trend to place all training with a technical or technology bias under the banner of technology education because teaching only knowledge and skills were no longer sufficient. Because South Africa is still a developing country, there are unique and distinctive problems facing the effective teaching of technology. In order to train teachers effectively for the new curriculum the opinions of practicing school 'principals and experienced teachers in FET technology should be asked to determine what is expected from these novice teachers in practise. A qualitative study revealed that principals and other senior staff members of technical schools (FET) have certain expectations with regard to the competencies and capabilities of their technology teachers. These requirements, for example, includes professional competencies, general, teaching and practical skills and abilities such as subject knowledge and didactical knowledge. In a qualitative study, in which 20 of the final year FET technology students participated, it was found that according to them, they are, to a great extent, equipped for their task as teachers. With few exceptions, the students felt that they were well-equipped in terms of professional, general, teaching and practical skills as they were properly guided in subject and didactic knowledge. As for the training of technical teachers in the FET phase, it was found that the training to a large extent meets the demands of education and the needs of schools, but that there are one or two areas of training that might be improved on and that there are certain misconceptions when students need to judge the value of certain modules. These misconceptions or problem areas mainly focus on the educational programme, practical teaching, education administration and training in practical skills. Specific recommendations are made regarding the training of technical teachers for the FET phase: Recommendations from this study focus on: • Better planned, more effective and relevant workshop practical training. • Greater exposure to, or better planned exposure to, practical education. • Better definition or tuition of educational and didactical modules. • Specific modules exposing students to more imitated administrative tasks. • Promotion of workshop safety. This study focused on the nature of technology education in the FET band in South Africa, the training of teachers who must be able to teach technology in the FET band and the unique abilities they should possess. Recommendations from this study can thus contribute in improving FET technology training in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Kinders bring ‘n groot gedeelte van hul tyd by die skool deur. Onderwysers is die enigste ander persone behalwe die gesin wat op ‘n daaglikse basis kontak het met kinders. Onderwysers kan ‘n groot invloed uitoefen op kinders. Indien kinders probleme ervaar by die huis, kan hulle moontlik ‘n onderwyser daarvan vertel. Kinders kan moontlik seksuele misbruik bekend maak aan onderwysers. Indien kinders nie seksuele misbruik bekend maak nie, toon hulle egter soms simptome wat as indikatore kan dien dat hulle seksueel misbruik word. Onderwysers moet egter oor die nodige kennisbasis beskik om hierdie indikatore te kan identifiseer. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, moet onderwysers weet hoe om te reageer op hierdie bekendmaking. Onderwysers het ‘n wetlike verpligting om seksuele misbruik aan te meld by die polisie. Om dit aan te meld, moet onderwysers egter kennis dra van hul wetlike verpligting en van die gevolge indien hulle dit nie sou aanmeld nie. Indien ‘n kind seksuele misbruik bekend maak, behoort daar ‘n prosedure in plek te wees by skole om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer. Die doelstelling van die navorsing was om die rol van die onderwyser ten opsigte van die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te ondersoek. Daar is van die opname prosedure gebruik gemaak om kwalitatiewe data te bekom. ‘n Nie–waarskynlikheidssteekproef en meer spesifiek ‘n toevallige steekproef is getrek en agt deelnemers is in ‘n hoofonde rsoek betrek, waar ‘n self–gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule gebruik is om die kennisbasis van onderwysers van seksuele misbruik vas te stel. Hierdie onderhoudskedule is gedurende persoonlike onderhoude gebruik met die agt deelnemers. Dit is vanuit die bevindinge duidelik dat die kennisbasis van onderwysers ten opsigte van seksuele misbruik beperk is. Onderwysers weet nie hoe om die bekendmaking van seksuele misbruik te hanteer nie. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, is daar nie prosedures in plek om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer nie. Onderwysers benodig meer opleiding om seksuele misbruik te hanteer, sodat hulle beter toegerus kan word om die aanmeldings van seksuele misbruik te verwys. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Beginneronderwysers moet die geleentheid kry om om hul onderwysvaardighede te verbeter en hul professionele identiteit te ontwikkel. Daar word internasionaal ervaar dat beginneronderwysers die onderwysprofessie binne twee tot vyf jaar verlaat indien hulle nie voldoende ondersteuning en opleiding deur mentorskap ontvang nie. Die navorsing word gerig na aanleiding van die primêre navorsingsvraag naamlik: Hoe word mentorskap toegepas tussen die Grondslagfase-departementshoof en die beginneronderwyser? Uit die navorsingsprobleem soos hierbo gestel, is die volgende sekondêre navorsingsvrae geformuleer. Sekondêre navorsingsvrae 1. Hoe word die uitdagings van dissipline en klaskamerbestuur deur middel van mentorskap aangespreek? 2. Hoe kan mentorskap bydra om vakkennis en kurrikulumontwikkeling te versterk? 3 Watter aspekte van mentorskap dra by tot beter gehalte van onderwys en metodiek wat die beginneronderwyser in die klaskamer gebruik? 4. Hoe word mentorskap aangewend in die vestiging van _ verhouding tussen die beginneronderwyser en medekollegas, ouers en leerders? 5. Hoe word onderwysprofessionalisme ontwikkel en versterk deur mentorskap? Die navorser het _ kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering gevolg en die navorsings-ontwerp was _ gevallestudie binne _ interpretivistiese / konstruktivistiese paradigma. Die data is ingesamel deur semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met die deelnemers waartydens hulle oop vrae (hoe? hoekom?) beantwoord het. Die vrae is vooraf opgestel volgens die temas van die konseptuele raamwerk soos geïdentifiseer uit die literatuurstudie. _ Doelgerigte steekproef wat aan voorafbepaalde kriteria voldoen het, is in die kwalitatiewe navorsingstudie gebruik. Die steekproef het bestaan uit skoolhoofde, departementshoofde en beginneronderwysers by vyf verskillende Afrikaanse laerskole in die Tshwane-Noord-distrik van Pretoria. Laerskole is telefonies gekontak en die skole wat beginneronderwysers aangestel het, is geïdentifiseer. Daarna is die skoolhoofde gekontak en toestemming verkry om navorsing by hul skole te doen. Die bevindings en aanbevelings van die studie is aan die deelnemers voorgelê sodat hulle die akkuraatheid en betroubaarheid daarvan kon verifieer. Die navorser het gepoog om die studie te trianguleer deur verskillende metodes te gebruik, naamlik _ literatuurstudie, asook die evaluering en vergelyking van inligting uit semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude om die geldigheid en betroubaarheid van bevindings te toets. Die deelnemers aan die studie se identiteite is beskerm deur van skuilname gebruik te maak – vir sowel die individue as die laerskole wat aan die studie deelgeneem het. My opsommende bevinding is dus dat die voordele van mentorskap legio is en sodra nuwe onderwyser doeltreffend bemagtig word deur mentorskap, hy/sy die geleentheid kry om te groei en ontwikkel om sy profesionele potensiaal ten volle te ontwikkel. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Education Management and Policy Studies / MEd / Unrestricted

The aim of the study was to investigate and describe how the mother in the home school fulfils her role as a teacher for her child in the foundation phase. The literature review confirmed that mothers choose to home school their children for various reasons, and use different approaches in home schooling. The home school teacher as well as the home school learner have certain responsibilities to fulfil, which bring about certain challenges that they have to face. An evaluation of home schooling showed various concerns regarding these learners’ performance and development, especially scholastically and socially. Unstructured interviews were conducted with selected mothers to explore their perceptions of their role as a teacher, the degree of differentiation between their mother and teacher roles, and the execution of their roles. An analysis of the home school learners’ schoolbooks was done, focusing on the input and feedback of the mother teacher. The researcher’s observations and reflections were included in the analysis. Findings: · The mothers do not differentiate between their mother and teacher role. · Their teaching was influenced by their own experiences, their views on teaching and learning and their views on the roles they fulfil in the home school. · Each home school situation is unique and the mothers’ perceptions of the roles they fulfil and the execution thereof differ greatly and are influenced by the context in which the home schooling takes place. / Dissertation (MEd (Educational Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

Resistant behaviour is a serious reality in South African primary schools. South Africa’s teachers strive to be agents of positive change amidst the multiple challenges they and their learners encounter, yet they admittedly experience daily frustration at addressing resistant behaviour. Considering the harsh external realities which many learners encounter, resistant behaviour cannot be expected to disappear at the introduction of specific techniques. The research consequently aimed to examine and describe Grade 5 teachers’ perceptions of resistance with the objective of improving teacher-learner relationships. A phenomenological paradigm structured this qualitative study to determine how grade 5 teachers perceive resistance through their direct experiences. The research involved focus group discussions and interviews. Fourteen teachers participated, representing three private and three public schools in Gauteng. Selection criteria included: a recognised teaching qualification, teaching experience of minimum two years, currently teaching Grade 5 learners, a commitment to teach demonstrated through course attendance and enhancement of the school’s curriculum, and the ability to speak English. During each focus group discussion, one introductory question was asked: “Please share your perceptions of resistant behaviour shown by children in your Grade 5 classes”. Additional funnelling and probing questions were utilized. Prior to data gathering, one participant per school was requested to volunteer to participate in an individual interview, in addition to the focus group discussion. During the interview, two introductory questions were asked: “How did you experience the focus group discussion pertaining to teacher perceptions of the resistant behaviour displayed by children in Grade 5?” and “What is your view of the conclusion/s reached during the discussion?” These questions were followed by funnelling questions. Content analysis was used with Interpretative phenomenological analysis to understand meanings ascribed to coded texts. Emerging findings were depicted visually to identify data patterns as part of thematic analysis until themes crystallised. Amongst findings understood from a causal, contextual and developmental perspective, unique findings emerged revealing that a relationship exists between teachers’ perceptions of resistant behaviour and the school ethos, that resistance can reveal creativity and divergent thinking processes, and that considering resistant behaviour from a future-minded perspective can enable teachers to see resistant behaviour as indicative of underlying skills needed by society, if developed as strengths. The findings support international research with one marked exception: that the examples provided in the literature affect the resistant learner personally, whereas the examples provided by the participants affect the other learners, teachers and the school itself. The findings contribute meaningfully to the debate regarding how to manage school resistance. The researcher recommends further studies be carried out to determine if the findings are reflective of most Grade 5 teachers. If so, it is advised that the findings be shared so that teachers become aware of alternate ways to interpret resistance and possibly to enhance their professional development by reformulating their current thought processes around resistance. The researcher recommends that the relationship between school ethos and resistant behaviour be explored to assist teachers in contextualising their management of resistance. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Resistant behaviour is a serious reality in South African primary schools. South Africa’s teachers strive to be agents of positive change amidst the multiple challenges they and their learners encounter, yet they admittedly experience daily frustration at addressing resistant behaviour. Considering the harsh external realities which many learners encounter, resistant behaviour cannot be expected to disappear at the introduction of specific techniques. The research consequently aimed to examine and describe Grade 5 teachers’ perceptions of resistance with the objective of improving teacher-learner relationships. A phenomenological paradigm structured this qualitative study to determine how grade 5 teachers perceive resistance through their direct experiences. The research involved focus group discussions and interviews. Fourteen teachers participated, representing three private and three public schools in Gauteng. Selection criteria included: a recognised teaching qualification, teaching experience of minimum two years, currently teaching Grade 5 learners, a commitment to teach demonstrated through course attendance and enhancement of the school’s curriculum, and the ability to speak English. During each focus group discussion, one introductory question was asked: “Please share your perceptions of resistant behaviour shown by children in your Grade 5 classes”. Additional funnelling and probing questions were utilized. Prior to data gathering, one participant per school was requested to volunteer to participate in an individual interview, in addition to the focus group discussion. During the interview, two introductory questions were asked: “How did you experience the focus group discussion pertaining to teacher perceptions of the resistant behaviour displayed by children in Grade 5?” and “What is your view of the conclusion/s reached during the discussion?” These questions were followed by funnelling questions. Content analysis was used with Interpretative phenomenological analysis to understand meanings ascribed to coded texts. Emerging findings were depicted visually to identify data patterns as part of thematic analysis until themes crystallised. Amongst findings understood from a causal, contextual and developmental perspective, unique findings emerged revealing that a relationship exists between teachers’ perceptions of resistant behaviour and the school ethos, that resistance can reveal creativity and divergent thinking processes, and that considering resistant behaviour from a future-minded perspective can enable teachers to see resistant behaviour as indicative of underlying skills needed by society, if developed as strengths. The findings support international research with one marked exception: that the examples provided in the literature affect the resistant learner personally, whereas the examples provided by the participants affect the other learners, teachers and the school itself. The findings contribute meaningfully to the debate regarding how to manage school resistance. The researcher recommends further studies be carried out to determine if the findings are reflective of most Grade 5 teachers. If so, it is advised that the findings be shared so that teachers become aware of alternate ways to interpret resistance and possibly to enhance their professional development by reformulating their current thought processes around resistance. The researcher recommends that the relationship between school ethos and resistant behaviour be explored to assist teachers in contextualising their management of resistance. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Professionalism in sport and the standard of world-class performance is on the rise. The development of a country's sporting potential therefore is crucial (Martindale et al., 2007:187). In South African schools, sport is widely regarded as the basis of elite sport (Rajput & Van Deventer, 2010:159). Teacher-coaches are in most cases responsible for the development potential of this sport. These coaches are often not properly trained, while the most knowledgeable coaches are used at elite level (SASKOK 2011b:12). The aim of this study was to determine the current state of teacher-coaches’ sport-specific training and playing- and coaching experience regarding sport coaching. Fifty four (54) schools om the Kenneth Kaunda district in the North-West Province of South Africa were available for this study. Questionnaires by Vosloo (2007) and Camire (2012) were adapted for use in this study. One hundred and forty-four (144) questionnaires were used in the compilation of the results. The Epi-info program was used to capture the data. For analysing the data, frequency tables and cross-tabulations were used to obtain statistical (p≤0.05) and practical (Cramer’s V-value) significance. Only six (6) of the twelve (12) priority sports codes have a significant amount of sport-specific trained teacher-coaches. Most sport-specific training was completed more than five (5) years ago. In most sports codes the majority of teacher-coaches have less than 10 years’ combined coaching- and participation experience. The transfer of quality coaching knowledge between coaches is questionable. It is mostly teacher-coaches with less than 10 years’ experience that do not attempt to improve their coaching skills. Teacher-coaches in general also use few methods to improve their coaching skills. Sport-specific training is needed in all types of schools (especially township- and farm schools) and in all priority sports codes. These teacher-coaches also require quality coaching mentors as well as exceptional and current sport-specific information. / TheThesis (MSc (Sport Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Professionalism in sport and the standard of world-class performance is on the rise. The development of a country's sporting potential therefore is crucial (Martindale et al., 2007:187). In South African schools, sport is widely regarded as the basis of elite sport (Rajput & Van Deventer, 2010:159). Teacher-coaches are in most cases responsible for the development potential of this sport. These coaches are often not properly trained, while the most knowledgeable coaches are used at elite level (SASKOK 2011b:12). The aim of this study was to determine the current state of teacher-coaches’ sport-specific training and playing- and coaching experience regarding sport coaching. Fifty four (54) schools om the Kenneth Kaunda district in the North-West Province of South Africa were available for this study. Questionnaires by Vosloo (2007) and Camire (2012) were adapted for use in this study. One hundred and forty-four (144) questionnaires were used in the compilation of the results. The Epi-info program was used to capture the data. For analysing the data, frequency tables and cross-tabulations were used to obtain statistical (p≤0.05) and practical (Cramer’s V-value) significance. Only six (6) of the twelve (12) priority sports codes have a significant amount of sport-specific trained teacher-coaches. Most sport-specific training was completed more than five (5) years ago. In most sports codes the majority of teacher-coaches have less than 10 years’ combined coaching- and participation experience. The transfer of quality coaching knowledge between coaches is questionable. It is mostly teacher-coaches with less than 10 years’ experience that do not attempt to improve their coaching skills. Teacher-coaches in general also use few methods to improve their coaching skills. Sport-specific training is needed in all types of schools (especially township- and farm schools) and in all priority sports codes. These teacher-coaches also require quality coaching mentors as well as exceptional and current sport-specific information. / TheThesis (MSc (Sport Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.