Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar a produtividade e seus componentes e caracterizar física, qualitativa e sensorialmente os frutos de tomate de cultivares híbridos e de polinização aberta, dentro dos grupos Santa Cruz e Italiano, visando o consumo in natura. Utilizaram-se 14 cultivares de tomate de mesa, sendo seis experimentais e oito comerciais. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com seis repetições e cinco plantas úteis por parcela. Avaliaram-se a produtividade total (PT), produtividade comercial (PC), produtividade não-comercializável (NC), número de frutos comerciais por planta (FC), massa média do fruto (MM), número de lóculos por fruto (LC), comprimento do fruto (CM), diâmetro do fruto (DM), relação entre comprimento e diâmetro do fruto (CM/DM), diâmetro da cicatriz peduncular (CP) e espessura da parede do fruto (EP), em colheitas entre julho e setembro de 2010. A produtividade total média das cultivares foi de 51 t ha-1 e a comercial média foi de 41 t ha-1. As cultivares HTV 0601, Netuno, Bari e Granadero apresentaram os maiores valores para a produtividade total, a produtividade comercial e o número de frutos comerciais por planta. Dessas, as três primeiras também obtiveram as melhores notas em todos os atributos sensoriais avaliados. As cultivares HTV 0601, Granadero, Netuno, Bari e IAC 4 obtiveram as maiores produções comerciais, com 59,3, 50,2, 49,3, 48,8 e 45,8 t ha-1, respectivamente. As cultivares HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari e Netuno apresentaram os maiores valores tanto de PT, quanto de PC e FC. Dessas, as três primeiras também apresentaram relação CM/DM constantes durante as colheitas, indicando frutos de formato uniforme durante todo o ciclo, característica desejável para a comercialização. Para as análises físicoquímicas, as amostras dos frutos maduros foram retiradas aleatoriamente de cinco plantas de cada parcela, etiquetadas e mantidas sob refrigeração a 5 ºC até o momento das análises. Em seguida, os frutos de cada cultivar foram misturados, triturados e divididos em triplicatas para as análises físico-químicas. Nas análises físico-químicas verificou-se que o valor da relação sólidos solúveis (SS)/acidez titulável (AT) foi maior nas cultivares IAC 3 e IAC 6. Com relação ao teor de SS, os maiores valores foram obtidos pelas cultivares IAC 1 e IAC 6. Para constatar a aceitação pública das cultivares, foi realizada uma análise sensorial dos frutos com 75 provadores, utilizando-se uma escala hedônica de sete pontos. As cultivares do grupo Italiano: IAC 4, IAC 6, Netuno e Bari; bem como as cultivares do grupo Santa Cruz: IAC 1, IAC 5, HTV 0601 e Débora Victory obtiveram as melhores notas em todos os atributos sensoriais avaliados. Todas as cultivares apresentaram frutos de qualidade, com valores da relação SS/AT maiores que 10 e teor de SS maior que 3%, sendo adequadas ao consumo in natura. / The objectives of this work were to determine the yields\" components and to realize the physical, chemical and sensorial characterization, for hybrid and open pollinated tomato, within the Santa Cruz and Italian groups, aiming fresh consumption. A total of 14 fresh market tomato cultivars were used, six of them being experimental varieties and eight commercial were ones. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six replicates and five plants per plot. Evaluations consisted of total production (TP), commercial production (CP), non commercial production (NCP), number of commercial fruits per plant (NCFP), fresh average fruit mass (FAFM), number of fruit locules (FL), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), length over diameter ratio of the fruits (FL/FD), diameter of the penducule scar (DPS) and thickness of the fruits\" peel (TP), in a total of 11 harvests between July and September 2010. The average total production of all cultivars was 51 t ha-1 and the average commercial production was 41 t ha-1. Cultivars HTV 0601, Netuno, Bari and Granadero produced the highest total yield, commercial yield and of commercial fruits per plant. Cultivars HTV 0601, Netuno and Bari also had the best scores in all the sensorial traits evaluated. Cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Netuno, Bari and IAC 4 produced the highest commercial yelds with 59,3, 50,2, 49,3, 48,8 e 45,8 t ha-1, respectively. Cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari and Netuno produced the highiest values for TP, as well as for CP and NCFP. Among these, the first three varieties also presented a constant length over diameter ratio FL/FD along the harvests, indicating uniform size of the fruits along all production cycle, which is a desired trait for commercialization. For the chemicophysical analysis, samples of ripen fruits were randomly extracted from five plants in each plot, labeled and maintained under refrigeration at 5 ºC until the moment of analysis. Afterwards, fruits of all cultivars were mixed, grinded and devided in triplicates to be submitted to the physicochemical analysis. From the physicochemical analysis it was observed that the value of the ratio between soluble solids (SS)/titrableacidity (TA) was higher in the cultivars IAC 3 and IAC 6. In relation to the SS content, the highiest values were obtained by cultivars IAC 1 and IAC 6. In order to evaluate the commercial value of the cultivars, a sensorial analysis was carried out with fruits tried by 75 individuals, using a hedonic scale of seven points. The cultivars of the Italian group: IAC 4, IAC 6, Netuno and Bari; as well as the cultivars of the Santa Cruz group: IAC 1, IAC 5, HTV 0601 and Débora Victory reached the best scores in all the sensorial traits evaluated. All the cultivars presents reasonable quality of the fruits, with SS/TA ratio values higher than 10 and SS values higher than 3%, being characterized as adequate for in natura consumption.

Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar a produtividade e seus componentes e caracterizar física, qualitativa e sensorialmente os frutos de tomate de cultivares híbridos e de polinização aberta, dentro dos grupos Santa Cruz e Italiano, visando o consumo in natura. Utilizaram-se 14 cultivares de tomate de mesa, sendo seis experimentais e oito comerciais. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com seis repetições e cinco plantas úteis por parcela. Avaliaram-se a produtividade total (PT), produtividade comercial (PC), produtividade não-comercializável (NC), número de frutos comerciais por planta (FC), massa média do fruto (MM), número de lóculos por fruto (LC), comprimento do fruto (CM), diâmetro do fruto (DM), relação entre comprimento e diâmetro do fruto (CM/DM), diâmetro da cicatriz peduncular (CP) e espessura da parede do fruto (EP), em colheitas entre julho e setembro de 2010. A produtividade total média das cultivares foi de 51 t ha-1 e a comercial média foi de 41 t ha-1. As cultivares HTV 0601, Netuno, Bari e Granadero apresentaram os maiores valores para a produtividade total, a produtividade comercial e o número de frutos comerciais por planta. Dessas, as três primeiras também obtiveram as melhores notas em todos os atributos sensoriais avaliados. As cultivares HTV 0601, Granadero, Netuno, Bari e IAC 4 obtiveram as maiores produções comerciais, com 59,3, 50,2, 49,3, 48,8 e 45,8 t ha-1, respectivamente. As cultivares HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari e Netuno apresentaram os maiores valores tanto de PT, quanto de PC e FC. Dessas, as três primeiras também apresentaram relação CM/DM constantes durante as colheitas, indicando frutos de formato uniforme durante todo o ciclo, característica desejável para a comercialização. Para as análises físicoquímicas, as amostras dos frutos maduros foram retiradas aleatoriamente de cinco plantas de cada parcela, etiquetadas e mantidas sob refrigeração a 5 ºC até o momento das análises. Em seguida, os frutos de cada cultivar foram misturados, triturados e divididos em triplicatas para as análises físico-químicas. Nas análises físico-químicas verificou-se que o valor da relação sólidos solúveis (SS)/acidez titulável (AT) foi maior nas cultivares IAC 3 e IAC 6. Com relação ao teor de SS, os maiores valores foram obtidos pelas cultivares IAC 1 e IAC 6. Para constatar a aceitação pública das cultivares, foi realizada uma análise sensorial dos frutos com 75 provadores, utilizando-se uma escala hedônica de sete pontos. As cultivares do grupo Italiano: IAC 4, IAC 6, Netuno e Bari; bem como as cultivares do grupo Santa Cruz: IAC 1, IAC 5, HTV 0601 e Débora Victory obtiveram as melhores notas em todos os atributos sensoriais avaliados. Todas as cultivares apresentaram frutos de qualidade, com valores da relação SS/AT maiores que 10 e teor de SS maior que 3%, sendo adequadas ao consumo in natura. / The objectives of this work were to determine the yields\" components and to realize the physical, chemical and sensorial characterization, for hybrid and open pollinated tomato, within the Santa Cruz and Italian groups, aiming fresh consumption. A total of 14 fresh market tomato cultivars were used, six of them being experimental varieties and eight commercial were ones. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with six replicates and five plants per plot. Evaluations consisted of total production (TP), commercial production (CP), non commercial production (NCP), number of commercial fruits per plant (NCFP), fresh average fruit mass (FAFM), number of fruit locules (FL), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), length over diameter ratio of the fruits (FL/FD), diameter of the penducule scar (DPS) and thickness of the fruits\" peel (TP), in a total of 11 harvests between July and September 2010. The average total production of all cultivars was 51 t ha-1 and the average commercial production was 41 t ha-1. Cultivars HTV 0601, Netuno, Bari and Granadero produced the highest total yield, commercial yield and of commercial fruits per plant. Cultivars HTV 0601, Netuno and Bari also had the best scores in all the sensorial traits evaluated. Cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Netuno, Bari and IAC 4 produced the highest commercial yelds with 59,3, 50,2, 49,3, 48,8 e 45,8 t ha-1, respectively. Cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari and Netuno produced the highiest values for TP, as well as for CP and NCFP. Among these, the first three varieties also presented a constant length over diameter ratio FL/FD along the harvests, indicating uniform size of the fruits along all production cycle, which is a desired trait for commercialization. For the chemicophysical analysis, samples of ripen fruits were randomly extracted from five plants in each plot, labeled and maintained under refrigeration at 5 ºC until the moment of analysis. Afterwards, fruits of all cultivars were mixed, grinded and devided in triplicates to be submitted to the physicochemical analysis. From the physicochemical analysis it was observed that the value of the ratio between soluble solids (SS)/titrableacidity (TA) was higher in the cultivars IAC 3 and IAC 6. In relation to the SS content, the highiest values were obtained by cultivars IAC 1 and IAC 6. In order to evaluate the commercial value of the cultivars, a sensorial analysis was carried out with fruits tried by 75 individuals, using a hedonic scale of seven points. The cultivars of the Italian group: IAC 4, IAC 6, Netuno and Bari; as well as the cultivars of the Santa Cruz group: IAC 1, IAC 5, HTV 0601 and Débora Victory reached the best scores in all the sensorial traits evaluated. All the cultivars presents reasonable quality of the fruits, with SS/TA ratio values higher than 10 and SS values higher than 3%, being characterized as adequate for in natura consumption.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2001. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

In my diploma thesis I was tested six types of feed. I tested in 3 repetitions in the recirculating system with biological treatment of water. Tested fishes african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) weighted between 200 ? 800 g per piece, were deployed into 18 aquariums with volume of 190 litres per aquarium. The whole experiment took place in five partial 3-week periods in the intensive breeding of the laboratory - controlled reproduction of fishes FROV JCU. The average water temperature during the experiment was 27 °C. The main objective of the thesis was to observe production efficiency of tested types of feed, speed of the growth of fishes, feed rates and financial costs. Afterwards, determinativ of yield and organoleptic evaluation was determined, followed by laboratory examination of composition of meat. The results of production indicators (Specific Growth Rate, Relative Growth Rate, Food Conversation Ratio) were most favorable for 3 types of feed ? Haltáp (SGR=0,81 %; RGR=126 %; FCR=1,45), Coppens TROCO SUPREME-22 (SGR=0,73 %; RGR=105 %; FCR=1,19), Coppens TROCO PRIME-18 (SGR=0,68 %; RGR=97 %; FCR=1,26). The lowest costs for 1 kg of fish increment were achieved for these specific types of feed Haltáp and Aller Aqua Focus (45 Kč a 46 Kč). In the organoleptic analysis was found positive evaluation of meat of all tested fishes. Chemical composition of meat was (in term of proteins and fats content) most favorably documented for the hungarian feed called Haltáp (proteins=19,22 % and fats=4,85 %).

This research was aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo effects of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Stapf.) oil, citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) oil and eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora) oil on cattle ticks (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus), each of which corresponds to an essential oil experiment. Negative control group end eight concentrations of lemongrass oil, citronella oil and eucalyptus oil (0.5; 1; 2; 5; 10; 20; 50; 100%), were used on in vitro trials with engorged female ticks. The efficacy control ticks was 0; 20; 39; 99.5; 100; 100; 100; 100 and 100%, for lemongrass oil, of 0; 34.5; 43; 48; 82; 99; 99; 100 and 100%, for citronella oil and 0; 30.5; 75.5; 91; 100; 100; 100; 100 and 100%, of oil, respectively. On in vivo trial eighteen Holstein cows were allocated to three groups for each treatment (negative control, essential oil - level estimated by regression analysis, accounting for 95% efficacy of control ticks on in vitro trial and amitraz at 0.025%). Engorged female ticks were counted before (mean of days -3, -2, -1) and after treatment (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 days). Twenty one days after application of the products, the efficacy on control ticks was 0; 54 (lemongrass oil at 2%) and 74.5%; of 0; 91.3 (citronella oil at 8.6%) and 60%; and 0; 96.4 (eucalyptus oil at 3.5%) and 69%, respectively for in vivo treatments. On the 1st and 2nd milked after treatments, physiologic variables were evaluate and milk samples were collected to evaluate organoleptic properties in milk and yoghurt (negative control x phytotherapic treatment). Similar results were found with sensorial acceptance test of milk and physiologic variables, in the three in vivo experiments. / Esta pesquisa foi conduzida com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito in vitro e in vivo do óleo de capim limão (Cymbopogon flexuosus Stapf.), citronela (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora) sobre o carrapato bovino (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus), sendo que cada óleo essencial corresponde a um experimento. Nas experimentações in vitro foi utilizado o grupo controle negativo e oito concentrações de óleo de capim limão, de citronela e de eucalipto (0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 5,0; 10,0; 20,0; 50,0; 100,0%), em fêmeas ingurgitadas de carrapatos. A eficácia de controle foi de 0; 20; 39; 99,5; 100; 100; 100; 100 e 100% para o óleo de capim limão; de 0; 34,5; 43; 48; 82; 99; 99; 100 e 100% para o óleo de citronela e de 0; 30,5; 75,5; 91; 100; 100; 100; 100 e 100% para o óleo de eucalipto, respectivamente. Para a experimentação in vivo foram constituídos três grupos para cada experimento (controle negativo, óleo essencial - nível estimado mediante análise de regressão, correspondendo a 95% de eficácia de controle do carrapato da pesquisa in vitro e amitraz a 0,025%), com dezoito vacas da raça Holandesa. Antes (média dos dias -3, - 2, -1) e após a aplicação do produto (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 dias), foram contadas fêmeas ingurgitadas de carrapato. A eficácia de controle 21 dias após a aplicação dos produtos foi de 0; 54 (capim limão a 2%) e 74,5%; de 0; 91,3 (citronela a 8,6%) e 60% e de 0; 96,4 (eucalipto a 3,5%), e 69%, para os respectivos tratamentos in vivo. Na 1ª e na 2ª ordenha após a aplicação dos tratamentos, foram avaliadas variáveis fisiológicas e coletadas amostras de leite para avaliar as propriedades organolépticas no leite e do iogurte (controle negativo x tratamento fitoterápico). O teste de aceitação sensorial do leite e as variáveis fisiológicas avaliadas foram similares entre os tratamentos nos três experimentos in vivo.

L'élimination des protéines est une étape clé lors de la production du vin blanc afin d'éviter l'apparition éventuelle d'un voile inoffensif mais inesthétique. Des solutions de rechange à l'utilisation de la bentonite sont activement recherchées en raison des problèmes technologiques, organoleptiques et de durabilité associés à son utilisation. Dans cette étude, MpAPr1, une protéase aspartique extracellulaire préalablement isolée et partiellement caractérisée à partir de la levure Metschnikowia pulcherrima, a été clonée et exprimée de manière hétérologue dans la levure Komagataella pastoris. Les propriétés enzymatiques de MpAPr1 ont été initialement caractérisées dans un extrait brut. Après plusieurs essais faisant appel à différentes techniques, MpAPr1 a été purifié avec succès par chromatographie échangeuse de cations. Son activité contre les protéines de raisin a été initialement testée dans une solution modèle dans des conditions environnementales optimales pour l'activité de MpAPr1 puis dans celles qui règnent lors de la vinification. Ensuite, l'activité de MpAPr1 a été évaluée dans du moût de raisin et au cours de la fermentation alcoolique. La présence de MpAPr1, supplémenté au moût de raisin, a entraîné une dégradation partielle des protéines de raisin tout au long de la fermentation et une légère différence dans la composition en composés volatils du vin. L'étude a confirmé que les protéases aspartiques pourraient représenter une alternative à la bentonite pour l'industrie du vin et que les levures non-Saccharomyces telles que M. pulcherrima pourraient avoir un impact bénéfique sur les propriétés du vin. / Protein removal is a key step during the production of white wine in order to avoid the possible appearance of a harmless but unsightly haze. Alternatives to the use of bentonite are actively sought because of technological, organoleptic and sustainability issues associated with its use. In this study, MpAPr1, an extracellular aspartic protease previously isolated and partially characterised from the yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima, was cloned and expressed heterologously in Komagataella pastoris. Enzymatic properties of MpAPr1 were initially characterised in a crude extract. After several attempts using different techniques, MpAPr1 was successfully purified via cation exchange chromatography. Its activity against haze-forming grape proteins was initially tested in a model solution under optimal environmental conditions for MpAPr1 activity and under those occurring during winemaking. Thereafter, MpAPr1 activity was evaluated in grape must and throughout alcoholic fermentation. The presence of MpAPr1, supplemented to grape must, resulted in the partial degradation of grape proteins throughout fermentation and ultimately in a slight difference in the wine’s composition in volatile compounds. The study provides further evidence that aspartic proteases could represent a potential alternative to bentonite for the wine industry and that non-Saccharomyces yeasts such as M. pulcherrima could have a beneficial impact on wine properties.

The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of complaints from drinking water customers, particullary about water quality. Within the theoretical part, it presents both the view of the customer of the drinking water and the view of the operator of the water supply system. It also presents possible ways to use drinking water customers complaints as indicators of water system service quality. Further, the thesis focuses on the satisfaction of customers and their trust in the operators of water supply systems. An analysis of complaints of drinking water users on the quality of water that has been received by the operator during the last five years has been performed as part of the case study in the practical part of the thesis. The cases are interpreted in context of the conditions at the given site of the water supply network.

The main objective of this diploma thesis is compare the production efficiency of special types of feed for African catfish in experimental conditions in a recirculating system with biological treatment of water. It was tested four different types of floating feed, differing in the proportion of main components, the chemical composition and determining - for catfish (CatCo GROWER - 12 EF, CatCo SELECT - 13 EF and CatCo GROWER - 13 EF), respectively salmonid fish species (Dibaq Trout Evolution). The primary outcome indicators was the growth rate, individual weight (and it's variability), feed conversion ratio, the cost of feed consumed per unit of growth and product quality, evaluated according the average dress-out percentage of skinless fillets, organoleptic assessment and chemical composition of flesh.

Tesis por compendio / [ES] El trabajo realizado en la presente tesis pretende contribuir a la puesta en valor de las variedades tradicionales valencianas de tomate. En primer lugar se aborda la caracterización de una colección de 69 entradas de variedades valencianas de tomate de ocho tipos varietales ('De Borseta', 'Cherry', 'Cor¿, 'De Penjar', 'Plana', 'De Pruna', 'Redona' y 'Valenciana') con 64 descriptores convencionales y 38 características del Tomato Analyzer. Se ha puesto de manifiesto que el uso de forma complementaria de la herramienta fenómica del Tomato Analyzer es una nueva estrategia para la caracterización y clasificación de las variedades locales de tomate, así como para la distinción entre tipos varietales relacionados. A pesar del uso generalizado de los descriptores estandarizados de tomate, hay poca información sobre los efectos ambientales sobre los valores de los descriptores y sobre su herencia. La evaluación de 12 entradas de tomate procedentes de siete tipos varietales en tres ambientes diferentes (cultivo convencional aire libre, cultivo ecológico aire libre e invernadero) mediante el uso de 36 descriptores, ha permitido establecer la influencia del sistema de cultivo sobre estos descriptores, encontrándose una amplia gama de variación, y demostrando su utilidad para describir los materiales de tomate, su diversidad y relaciones. Por otra parte, puede ser muy interesante asociar características saludables como un elevado contenido en vitaminas o sustancias antioxidantes beneficiosas para la salud. El análisis de 69 entradas locales valencianas de tomate procedentes de ocho tipos varietales para caracteres como contenido en distintos azúcares, ácidos y antioxidantes puso de manifiesto diferencias significativas entre los tipos varietales ensayados para la mayoría de las características. Los tipos varietales 'Cherry' y 'De Penjar' presentaban mayor materia seca, contenido de sólidos solubles, acidez titulable, índice de sabor, ß-caroteno, ácido ascórbico, fenólicos totales y actividad antioxidante que los otros grupos. Los resultados obtenidos serán útiles para la diferenciación, mejora y selección de variedades locales de tomate con propiedades organolépticas mejoradas. Los estudios de caracterización y tipificación de las variedades tradicionales de tomate son imprescindibles para detectar factores que dificultan su puesta en valor y fomento de la explotación comercial. En este sentido, dentro de esta tesis se han caracterizado 3 poblaciones de tomate 'Valenciana d'El Perelló'. La menor productividad de las selecciones ensayadas en comparación con el control comercial parece ser debida a una concentración de la producción en los 2-3 primeros ramilletes de la planta. En el programa de selección y mejora del tomate 'Valenciana d¿El Perelló' que se ha realizado se dispone de selecciones con una distribución de cuajado mucho más uniforme. Por otra parte, una forma muy interesante de potenciar su cultivo, es obtener variedades resistentes al ToMV, derivándose un conjunto de linajes de este tomate con el gen Tm22 que confiere resistencia al ToMV. En cuanto a la adaptación a las condiciones agroclimáticas locales de las variedades tradicionales, esta característica es fundamental de este tipo de variedades. Así, las plantas de tomate del tipo 'De Penjar', han sido cultivadas tradicionalmente en la región mediterránea. Estos materiales están adaptados a condiciones de campo abierto bajo condiciones de bajo consumo de recursos. Sin embargo, el cultivo bajo invernadero se está expandiendo debido al aumento de su demanda. La evaluación de 12 variedades (siete entradas tradicionales, tres selecciones y dos híbridos) del tipo 'De Penjar' en cultivo al aire libre y en cultivo bajo invernadero ha revelado un alto impacto del ambiente de cultivo sobre las propiedades morfológicas, agronómicas y químicas de variedades de tomate 'De Penjar'y sugiere la necesidad de desarrollar variedade / [CA] El treball realitzat en la present tesi pretén contribuir a la posada en valor de les varietats tradicionals valencianes de tomàquet. En primer lloc s'aborda la caracterització d'una col·lecció de 69 entrades de varietats valencianes de tomàquet de vuit tipus varietals ( 'De Borseta', 'Cherry', 'Cor',' De penjar ',' Plana ',' De Pruna ', 'Redona' i 'Valenciana') amb 64 descriptors convencionals i 38 característiques del Tomato Analyzer. S'ha posat de manifest que l'ús de forma complementària de l'eina fenómica del Tomato Analyzer és una nova estratègia per a la caracterització i classificació de les varietats locals de tomàquet, així com per la distinció entre tipus varietals relacionats. Malgrat l'ús generalitzat dels descriptors estandarditzats de tomàquet, hi ha poca informació sobre els efectes ambientals sobre els valors dels descriptors i sobre la seva herència. L'avaluació de 12 entrades de tomàquet procedents de set tipus varietals en tres ambients diferents (cultiu convencional aire lliure, cultiu ecològic aire lliure i hivernacle) mitjançant l'ús de 36 descriptors, ha permès establir la influència del sistema de cultiu sobre aquests descriptors, trobant una àmplia gamma de variació, i demostrant la seva utilitat per descriure els materials de tomàquet, la seva diversitat i relacions. D'altra banda, pot ser molt interessant associar característiques saludables com un elevat contingut en vitamines o substàncies antioxidants beneficioses per a la salut. L'anàlisi de 69 entrades locals valencianes de tomàquet procedents de vuit tipus varietals per a caràcters com a contingut en diferents sucres, àcids i antioxidants va posar de manifest diferències significatives entre els tipus varietals assajats per a la majoria de les característiques. Els tipus varietals 'Cherry' i 'De penjar' presentaven major matèria seca, contingut de sòlids solubles, acidesa, índex de gust, ß-carotè, àcid ascòrbic, fenòlics totals i activitat antioxidant que els altres grups. Els resultats obtinguts seran útils per a la diferenciació, millora i selecció de varietats locals de tomàquet amb propietats organolèptiques millorades. Els estudis de caracterització i tipificació de les varietats tradicionals de tomàquet són imprescindibles per detectar factors que en dificulten la posada en valor i foment de l'explotació comercial. En aquest sentit, dins d'aquesta tesi s'han caracteritzat març poblacions de tomàquet 'Valenciana d'El Perelló'. La menor productivitat de les seleccions assajades en comparació amb el control comercial sembla ser deguda a una concentració de la producció en els 2-3 primers ramells de la planta. En el programa de selecció i millora del tomàquet 'Valenciana d'El Perelló' que s'ha realitzat es disposa de seleccions amb una distribució de quallat molt més uniforme. D'altra banda, una forma molt interessant de potenciar el seu cultiu, és obtenir varietats resistents al ToMV, derivant un conjunt de llinatges d'aquest tomàquet amb el gen Tm22 que confereix resistència al ToMV. Pel que fa a l'adaptació a les condicions agroclimàtiques locals de les varietats tradicionals, aquesta característica és fonamental d'aquest tipus de varietats. Així, les plantes de tomàquet del tipus 'De penjar', han estat cultivades tradicionalment a la regió mediterrània. Aquests materials estan adaptats a condicions de camp obert sota condicions de baix consum de recursos. No obstant això, el cultiu sota hivernacle s'està expandint causa de l'augment de la seva demanda. L'avaluació de 12 varietats (set entrades tradicionals, 3 seleccions i dues híbrids) del tipus 'De penjar' en cultiu a l'aire lliure i en cultiu sota hivernacle ha revelat un alt impacte de l'ambient de cultiu sobre les propietats morfològiques, agronòmiques i químiques de varietats de tomàquet 'De Penjar'y suggereix la necessitat de desenvolupar varietats específiques adaptades a cultiu baix hivernacle / [EN] The work carried out in this thesis aims to contribute to the valorisation of the traditional Valencian tomato varieties. First, the characterization of a collection of 69 entries of Valencian tomato varieties of eight varietal types ('De Borseta', 'Cherry', 'Cor',' De Penjar ',' Plana ',' De Pruna ', 'Redona' and 'Valenciana') with 64 conventional descriptors and 38 characteristics of the Tomato Analyzer. It has been shown that the complementary use of the Tomato Analyzer's phenomic tool is a new strategy for the characterization and classification of local tomato varieties, as well as for the distinction between related varietal types. Despite the widespread use of standardized tomato descriptors, there is little information about the environmental effects on the values of the descriptors and their inheritance. The evaluation of 12 entries of tomato from seven varietal types in three different environments (conventional open air cultivation, open air ecological cultivation and greenhouse) through the use of 36 descriptors, has allowed to establish the influence of the cultivation system on these descriptors, being a wide range of variation, and demonstrating its usefulness to describe tomato materials, their diversity and relationships. On the other hand, it can be very interesting to associate healthy characteristics such as a high content of vitamins or antioxidant substances beneficial to health. The analysis of 69 Valencian local tomato entries from eight varietal types for characters as content in different sugars, acids and antioxidants revealed significant differences between the varietal types tested for most of the characteristics. The varietal types 'Cherry' and 'De Penjar' had higher dry matter, content of soluble solids, acidity, flavor index, ß-carotene, ascorbic acid, total phenolic and antioxidant activity than the other groups. The results obtained will be useful for the differentiation, improvement and selection of local tomato varieties with improved organoleptic properties. Characterization and typification studies of traditional tomato varieties are essential to detect factors that make it difficult to value and promote commercial exploitation. In this sense, within this thesis 3 populations of tomato 'Valenciana d'El Perelló' have been characterized. The lower productivity of the selections tested compared to the commercial control seems to be due to a concentration of the production in the first 2-3 bunches of the plant. In the program of selection and improvement of the tomato 'Valenciana d'El Perelló' that has been made, selections are available with a much more uniform fruit set distribution. On the other hand, a very interesting way to enhance their crop is to obtain varieties resistant to ToMV, deriving a set of lineages of this tomato with the Tm22 gene that confers resistance to ToMV. Regarding the adaptation to the local agroclimatic conditions of the traditional varieties, this characteristic is fundamental of this type of varieties. Thus, tomato plants of the 'De Penjar' type have traditionally been grown in the Mediterranean region. These materials are adapted to open field conditions under conditions of low resource consumption. However, greenhouse cultivation is expanding due to the increase in demand. The evaluation of 12 varieties (seven traditional entrances, three selections and two hybrids) of the 'De Penjar' type in outdoor cultivation and in greenhouse cultivation has revealed a high impact of the cultivation environment on the morphological, agronomic and chemical properties of varieties of tomato 'De Penjar' and suggests the need to develop specific varieties adapted to greenhouse cultivation. / Figás Moreno, MDR. (2019). CARACTERIZACIÓN, TIPIFICACIÓN, SELECCIÓN Y MEJORA GENÉTICA DE VARIEDADES VALENCIANAS DE TOMATE [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/119449 / Compendio