No description available.

While the relational model for data storage is sufficient for the modelling and manipulation of a large number of application domains, a growing class of application domains are either difficult or impossible for the relational model to deal with efficiently. The realisation of this fact has led to a proliferation of data models that attempt to increase the complexity and semantic capture of the domains that they can model - the development of object-oriented databases and the various semantic data models are a result of this. The idea of using logic to define, manipulate and constrain data has given rise to large numbers of systems that interface - not always successfully - a database system and a logic processing system. Most such systems are based on Prolog or its derivations. This thesis describes the development and use of an object-oriented and semantically rich form of logic - conceptual graph theory - as a system for the definition, manipulation, and constraint of data. It describes a theoretical correspondence between conceptual graph theory and the relational model, and proceeds to develop an augmented, hybrid theory that is formally more expressive and as rigorous as those languages based on the relational algebra or calculus. This thesis also describes the design and implementation of a hybrid relational database - conceptual graph system, that has a cleaner and more principled system of semantic capture than other (for example, Prolog-based) systems, and that is also adaptive in nature - it automatically modifies its underlying storage structures in accordance with modifications made to the structures of the application domain over time. This completely shields the user from any responsibility for database design and maintenance, and so the user need only be concerned with application domain knowledge. Although the implementation described is incomplete, it can be extended to produce a deductive, object-oriented database system based on conceptual graphs.

Master of Regional and Community Planning / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / John W. Keller / An ongoing debate has taken place within the criminology and planning sectors. A major question that has been raised is, "Are sexually oriented businesses associated with high crime rates?" Though this may seem like an important topic for communities, there is currently a lack of empirical studies dealing with it. This report acts as a case study for San Francisco, California. The case study compares crime rates near ten strip clubs with crime rates to a fairly similar business, night clubs. The data that was used refers to crime that took place from 2012-2014, and includes most violent, property and public disorder crimes. In order to find out which type of business is more "dangerous", a percentage equation was used. The results from the percentage equation show the probability of crime incidents within 1,500 feet of a strip club or a night club. An example of a result from this equation is that on average, 3.67% of all of San Francisco’s "Public Drunkenness" incidents will take place within 1,500 feet of a night club. Meanwhile, 4.54% of San Francisco’s "Public Drunkenness" incidents will occur within 1,500 feet of a strip club. One can see that each business has its own percentage based off of public drunkenness crimes that occurred from 2012-2014. A GIS spatial analysis process, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), was also used. The OLS process factors crimes with demographics. This is useful for criminological studies because it can find a statistically significant relationship between things like assaults and the percentage of people living in poverty. The crimes were arranged in 18 categories ranging from kidnapping to domestic violence, from larceny to arson, etc. Results show that when viewing the numbers from the percentage equation, night clubs had higher percentages for 6 of the 18 crimes. The strip clubs showed higher percentages for the remaining 12 crime categories. When viewing the results from the GIS analysis, one can see if crime rates are determined by characteristics such as income, percentage of people receiving food stamps, proximity to strip clubs and more. This report will cover background literature regarding sexually oriented businesses. It will also show the methodology used for the San Francisco case study, as well as the results from the study.

The National Curriculum Statement (NCS) for Mathematical Literacy (Maths Lit) states that the approach to Maths Lit teaching has to be contextualized – focusing on context-driven problems that relate to everyday lives. In this report I attempt to identify how teachers select and use context–oriented tasks for their grade 10 Mathematical Literacy classrooms. Data was gathered using a case study of four teachers, using interviews and analysis of various documents (work schedule and sample of learners‟ workbooks). Vygotsky‟s theory of mediation was used to analyze the findings in relation to the Maths Lit goals and principle of contextualization. The agendas from Graven and Venkat (2007) were used as the tool to analyze the tasks in the learners‟ books. A continuum based on these agendas was used as a descriptive tool of where teachers fit in relation to the context/content spectrum. The study concluded that teachers mainly used the work schedule and text books to select the context-oriented tasks for their learners. Teachers‟ selections of tasks were guided by the mathematical content to be taught. Most of the tasks‟ contexts lacked authenticity and the tasks consisted of pure mathematical content. The teachers mainly used the context to introduce the content to be learned. The tasks that were used promoted mathematical goals and were not context-driven. The level of authenticity promoted within the Maths Lit curriculum and its disseminated support documents such as work schedules, therefore needs to be investigated further.

Chan, Chi Wai Alan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-126). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.v / Acknowledgements --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.ix / List of Tables --- p.xi / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1. --- Object-oriented databases --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2. --- Object-oriented Data Model --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3. --- Class and Object Instances --- p.15 / Chapter 1.4. --- Inheritance --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5. --- Constraint --- p.18 / Chapter 1.6. --- Physical Design for OODB Storage --- p.19 / Chapter 1.7. --- Problem Description --- p.20 / Chapter 1.8. --- Genetic Algorithm --- p.22 / Chapter 1.8.1. --- Constraint Handling Methods in GA --- p.25 / Chapter 1.9. --- Contributions of this work --- p.27 / Chapter 1.10. --- Outline of this work --- p.30 / Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1. --- Object-oriented database --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2. --- Object-Oriented Data model --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3. --- Physical Storage Model for OODBs --- p.35 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Home Class (HC) Model --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Repeated Class (RC) Model --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Split Instance (SI) Model --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4. --- Solving physical storage design for OODBs --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5. --- Transaction-Based Approach --- p.41 / Chapter 2.6. --- Minimize database operational cost --- p.42 / Chapter 2.7. --- Combinational Optimization Method --- p.43 / Chapter 2.8. --- Research in Genetic Algorithm --- p.46 / Chapter 2.9. --- Implementation in GA --- p.47 / Chapter 2.10. --- Fitness function --- p.49 / Chapter 2.11. --- Crossover operation --- p.50 / Chapter 2.12. --- Encoding and Representation --- p.51 / Chapter 2.13. --- Parent Selection in Crossover Operation --- p.52 / Chapter 2.14. --- Reproductive selection --- p.53 / Chapter 2.14.1. --- Selection of Crossover Operator --- p.54 / Chapter 2.14.2. --- Replacement --- p.54 / Chapter 2.15. --- The Use of Constraint Handling Method --- p.55 / Chapter 2.15.1. --- Penalty function --- p.56 / Chapter 2.15.2. --- Decoder gives instruction to build feasible solution --- p.57 / Chapter 2.15.3. --- Adjustment method --- p.58 / Chapter 3. --- Solving Physical Storage Problem for OODB using GA --- p.60 / Chapter 3.1. --- Physical storage models for OODB --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2. --- Database operation for transactions --- p.62 / Chapter 3.3. --- Properly designed physical storage structure --- p.68 / Chapter 3.4. --- Fitness Evaluation --- p.69 / Chapter 3.5. --- Initial population --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6. --- Cross-breeding --- p.72 / Chapter 3.7. --- GA Operators --- p.74 / Chapter 3.8. --- Physical Design Problem Formulation for GA --- p.75 / Chapter 3.9. --- Representation and Encoding --- p.75 / Chapter 3.10. --- Solving Physical Storage Problem for OODB in GA --- p.76 / Chapter 3.10.1. --- Representation of design solution --- p.76 / Chapter 3.10.2. --- Encoding --- p.78 / Chapter 3.10.3. --- Initial population --- p.80 / Chapter 3.10.4. --- Parent Selection for breeding --- p.80 / Chapter 3.11. --- Traditional Constraint handling method --- p.83 / Chapter 3.11.1. --- Improve the Performance of Inheritance Constraint Handling methods --- p.85 / Chapter 3.12. --- Weakness in Gorla's GA approach --- p.87 / Chapter 4. --- Proposed Methodology --- p.88 / Chapter 4.1 --- Enhanced Crossover Operator --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2. --- Infeasible Solutions and Enhanced Adjustment Method --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3. --- Propagation Adjustment Method --- p.97 / Chapter 5. --- Computational Experiments --- p.99 / Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.99 / Chapter 5.2. --- Experiment Objective --- p.101 / Chapter 5.3. --- Tools and Setup --- p.102 / Chapter 5.4. --- Crossover Operator --- p.105 / Chapter 5.5. --- Mutation Operator --- p.105 / Chapter 5.6. --- Termination condition --- p.106 / Chapter 5.7. --- Computational Experiments --- p.107 / Chapter 5.7.1. --- An Illustrative Example ´ؤ UNIVERSITY database --- p.107 / Chapter 5.7.2. --- Simulation ´ؤ 9 classes and 25 classes --- p.115 / Chapter 5.7.3. --- Result --- p.116 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusions --- p.118 / Chapter 6.1. --- Summary of Achievements --- p.118 / Chapter 7. --- Bibliography --- p.121 / Chapter 8. --- Appendix --- p.127

Static analysis is significant since it provides the information about the run- time behaviour of an analysed program. Such information has many applications in compiler optimisations and software engineering tools. Interprocedural anal- ysis is a form of static analysis, which can exploit information available across procedure boundaries. The analysis is traditionally designed as whole-program analysis, which processes the entire program. However, whole-program analysis is problematic when parts of the analysed program are not available to partici- pate in analysis. In this case, a whole-program analysis has to make conservative assumptions to be able to produce safe analysis results at the expense of some possible precision loss. To improve analysis precision, an analysis can exploit the access control mechanism provided by the underlying program language. This thesis introduces a points-to analysis technique for incomplete object-oriented programs, called com- pleteness analysis, which exploits the access and modification properties of classes, methods and fields to enhance the analysis precision. Two variations of the tech- nique, compositional and sequential completeness analysis, are described. This thesis also presents a mutability analysis (MA) and MA-based side-effect analy- sis, which are based on the output of completeness analysis, to determine whether a variable is potentially modified by the execution of a program statement. The results of experiments carried out on a set of Java library packages are presented to demonstrate the improvement in analysis precision.

From The Perspective of Continuous Development To Discuss Ocean Environmental Education in Taiwan Abstract Taiwan is an island country. Our daily live is greatly influenced by ocean environment. However, there is only slight attention on the issue of ocean environment, especially, on the textbook of elementary school. Therefore, the major purposes of this study are to discuss: 1. The proportion of issue of ocean environment in elementary textbook. 2. The editing context regarding the concepts of ocean environment in elementary textbook. 3. The potential of building a primary ocean-oriented experimental school in Liuqiu Shiang, Pingtung County in Taiwan. To conduct an enough analysis, this research has reviewed the related literature in Taiwan and other countries with additional survey to execute the research purposes. In conclusion, the result of this study can be summarized as the following three points: 1. In textbook, the percentage of ocean environment issue is distributed as: A. Among the publishers, the textbook from Nan-Yi publisher accounts for 2.96 percent, major concentrating on natural science and technology. B. Among the publishers, the textbook from Kang-Shiuan publisher accounts for 3.01 percent, major concentrating on natural science and technology. By looking at these numbers, the proportion of ocean environmental issue is way too low. Taiwanese government didn¡¦t pay much attention on the natural science and technology of ocean environment. We need to raise the attention on the issue of ocean environment to better educate our posterities to be more careful and to appreciate the precious ocean. 2. The most updated ocean environment concepts in textbook are mostly incomplete and very scattered distributed in different subjects. Therefore, students can only learn fragment of knowledge. 3. The ¡§ocean-oriented¡¨ school is a special system in Penghu County. The teachers and parents have been very supported this educational development. However, the situation in Liuqiu Shiang is very different from that of the Penghu County. The main reason is that all the teachers were frequently moved around in different schools . Such that the research cycle can¡¦t be completed before the teachers got transferred. Another reason is the instruction material is not well developed ¡§ocean-oriented school¡¨ as which have set up in Liuqin Shiang, Pingtung County. Keywords¡GContinuous Development ,Ocean-oriented school

A Case Study on School-Oriented Management Successfully Launched ABSTRACT The present study is primarily intended to probe into a case school¡XMin-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung regarding its process and experiences via compilation and analysis of documents in promoting its school-oriented management so as to look into what efforts Min-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung has made toward the school-oriented management. Through focus interview, triangulation, we look into the key school personnel regarding how they view the issues and what they have in mind. The study is backed by a small-scale questionnaire survey to analyze the performance and satisfaction level, added with the personal observation and comments by the researcher (the founding Principal of the subject School) as appropriate, in reciprocation and reflection. In the present study, the connotation to define the school-oriented management includes such six key issues, i.e., the Principal¡¦s philosophy in leadership, formulation and enforcement of school vision, forging and deepening the school culture, concept and characteristics of campus landscaping, shape and application of school classes which are open for use, school-oriented curricula in planning and enforcement. I. The Principal¡¦s philosophy in leadership: Including the Principal¡¦s thoughts in leadership philosophy, what the Principal has acted in leadership, co-sharing of hands-on examples and reciprocation of school faculty toward the Principal in the wake of efforts of leadership. II. Formulation and enforcement of school vision: Based on the school vision and backgrounds of the school philosophy, it will forge the bold vision through hands-on actions and through school faculty who will point out their view points and reciprocation toward the school vision. III. Forging and deepening the school culture: Through elaborately written stories, it will combine the cultural efforts and sentiment of Min-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung. For instance, a flock of ducks are visiting the newly founded campus to create the topics in common, to let the school grow and flourish along with us all. The significance of education will be merged into the hands-on experiences accumulated in school construction. The little ant¡¦s legend and others will bring the school faculty and students firmly together into strong sense of honors. IV. Concept and characteristics of campus landscaping: The concept and blueprints of campus planning, co-sharing of hands-on examples and feedback of the fruits. V. Shape and application of school classes which are open for use: The analysis of the school classes, the shapes and post-use status, the co-sharing of the examples, relevant issues of the classes and methodology to solution. VI. School-oriented curricula in planning and enforcement: The evolution of the school-oriented curricula, co-sharing of examples, reciprocation feedback and viewpoints toward school-oriented curricular. The present study yields the precious finding that in the school-oriented management, the Principal plays the core role, holding the open-minded and human-cored leadership. In turn, the Principal receives tremendous recognition from entire teams and faculty members. The School will take the school culture as the core of the vision to formulate the ¡§culture-based campus, education-based communities¡¨. Such vision and blueprints are matched with hands-on and concrete practice which form the tremendous momentum of continual development of the school to forge a promising and upbeat dream. Through toughing stories one after another, the school will shape up warm and sweet campus culture which is profoundly embedded into children through the characteristics of their behaviors. Under the breakthrough philosophy engineered by the Principal, the school is not a school alone and a classroom is not a classroom alone. With the elaborately designed spaces, the campus speaks. The space is in brisk dialogue. Thanks to the unique and sophisticated thoughts, Min-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung impresses all and receives the Architectural and Landscaping Award for the Greater Kaohsiung Region¡Xthe first school ever awarded such tremendous honor. Through the efforts for compilation and co-sharing from the researcher, i.e., the founding principal of Min-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung, both the tangible campus planning and intangible philosophy of spatial design profoundly impress all as the very target to probe into. In a nutshell, the school-oriented management efforts launched by Min-chyuan Elementary School of Kaohsiung are indeed unique breakthrough. The hands-on experiences so accumulated are precious lessons as worthwhile reference to other elementary schools.

Along with emergence of embedded systems, operating systems are now widely used in various applications on environments other than the desktops and workstations, such as house electrical appliances and mobile devices. Diverse applications have different requirement on the software architectures of operating systems, They can be satisfied by adopting configurable operating systems. In this research, utilizing modulization and inter-module communication channel, we developed a software architecture configurable operating system. By configuring inside channels with interfacing and protection components, we can realize an operating system into various software architectures.

In the past, a large body of research has examined how individuals deal with past stressors. More recently a newer line of research has examined how individuals deal with upcoming stressors. However, to date only a limited number of studies has concerned itself with this question. The present three studies were intended to add to the current literature on future-oriented coping by investigating predictors, mediators, and psychological outcomes related to future-oriented coping styles. Study 1 used an internet-based, cross sectional design to gain insight into the relationship between internal (goal-orientation and maximizing) and external resources (social support) and competencies (proactive competencies and goal adjustment) and three future-oriented coping styles, future-oriented avoidance coping, preventive coping, and proactive coping. We predicted that the three future-oriented coping styles would be related differently to resources and competencies. The results only partially supported our hypotheses, and particularly the inverse relationship between proactive coping and social support was surprising. Furthermore, proactive and preventive coping were related to maximizing. Study 2 and Study 3 extended the findings of Study 1. These studies used a lab-based, prospective design. In Study 2, the relationship of several additional internal resources in addition to maximizing were examined (irrational beliefs, values, optimism, and the Big Five personality traits) to gain further insight into their / text