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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
151

Effects of TNF-ALPHA, taxol and hyperthermia on human breast tumour cells. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection

January 1997 (has links)
by Li Jian Yi. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-181). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.
152

Identification of two MYB transcription factors that increase paclitaxel biosynthesis in cambial meristematic cells of Taxus baccata

Ochoa-Villarreal, Marisol January 2018 (has links)
Paclitaxel is an anticancer natural product with several biomedical applications produced by Taxus species, with a demand exceeding its supply. We have developed cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) from Taxus cuspidata as high yield source of paclitaxel. The biosynthesis of paclitaxel is predominantly under transcriptional control. Thus, the identification of transcriptional regulators of paclitaxel biosynthesis and their subsequent manipulation may enable further yield enhancement in Taxus CMCs. Previously, Roche 454 sequencing was employed to establish the transcriptome of T. cuspidata CMCs treated with the plant immune activator methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The bioinformatic analysis identified 19 jasmonate related transcription factors (TFs), based on their differential expression. Results of the Arabidopsis thaliana transient assay screen identified two MYB TFs that constitute positive regulators for paclitaxel genes, named MYB3 and MYB4. In this thesis, MYB3 and MYB4 showed in vitro binding to the cis-elements in ten promoters of paclitaxel genes using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Then, a Taxus CMC protoplasts transient assay demonstrated that the expression of MYB3 and MYB4 trans-activated all tested genes. Further, MYB4 was found to activate the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) gene, key in the mevalonate pathway and precursor of paclitaxel biosynthesis. MYB3 and MYB4 were capable of auto-regulating their own transcription, constituting an important control point for paclitaxel biosynthesis. A possible mechanism for the early activation of MYB3 and MYB4 after MeJA elicitation is proposed. Finally, preliminary results on the expression of MYB3 and MYB4 in unelicited T. baccata CMC protoplasts indicate that their transient expression was sufficient to increase accumulation of paclitaxel and the precursor, 10-deacetyl baccatin III, highlighting their utility for paclitaxel production.
153

Investigating the Role of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists in Lung Cancer Progression and Chemosensitivity in the Context of Treating Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Kyte, Sarah L 01 January 2018 (has links)
While cancer chemotherapy continues to significantly contribute to the number of cancer survivors, exposure to these drugs can often result in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a consequence of peripheral nerve fiber dysfunction or degeneration. CIPN is characterized by sensory symptoms in the hands and feet, such as numbness, burning, and allodynia, resulting in an overall decrease in quality of life. Paclitaxel (Taxol), a microtubule poison that is commonly used to treat breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, has been found to cause CIPN in 59-78% of cancer patients. There is currently no effective preventative or therapeutic treatment for this side effect, which can be a dose-limiting factor for chemotherapy or delay treatment. Our collaborators in the laboratory of Dr. M. Imad Damaj have shown that nicotine, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist, and R-47, an α7 nAChR silent agonist, can prevent and reverse paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. With regard to cancer, this work demonstrates that nicotine and R-47 do not enhance A549 and H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cell viability, colony formation, or proliferation alone, and they do not attenuate paclitaxel-induced growth arrest, apoptosis, or DNA fragmentation. Most importantly, nicotine and R-47 do not increase the growth of A549 tumors or interfere with the antitumor activity of paclitaxel in tumor-bearing mice. These data suggest that targeting nAChRs may be a safe and efficacious approach for the prevention and treatment of CIPN in cancer patients.
154

Evaluación de la interacción analgésica entre tramadol y ácido valproico en dolor neuropático inducido por paclitaxel en ratones

Rodríguez Pérez, Eylen January 2016 (has links)
Magister en ciencias biológicas, mención farmacología / INTRODUCCIÓN: El dolor neuropático es una de las causas más frecuentes de sufrimiento en los pacientes con dolor crónico debido a la dificultad para establecer un tratamiento adecuado. En el presente estudio se usará un modelo de neuropatía periférica en ratones inducida por la administración de paclitaxel vía intraperitoneal (i.p), se evaluará el efecto de ácido valproico (AV) y tramadol (TRM), y de su asociación. Como ensayos nociceptivos se utilizarán el test de Tail Flick y el test de Hot Plate. Para determinar el tipo y la magnitud de la interacción farmacológica se empleará el análisis isobolográfico. El presente estudio postula que tramadol y ácido valproico tienen actividad antihipernociceptiva, y que su asociación produce una interacción de tipo sinérgico. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se utilizaron 192 ratones a los que se administró vía i.p paclitaxel (grupo tratado), se construyeron las curvas dosis-respuesta, con grupos de 24 animales para cada fármaco y cada test, una vez se determinaron las DE50, se hicieron las mezclas de la combinacion de Tramadol y Acido Valproico, en proporción 1:1 de sus DE50, haciendo mezclas de fracciones de estas, con los datos obtenidos de la administración de dichas fracciones, se construyeron las respectivas curvas dosis-respuesta y a partir de ellas se calculó las DE50 de las mezclas. La naturaleza de la interacción y su cuantía, se evaluará usando el análisis isobolográfico. La significancia estadística se determinó por pruebas t-Student (p<0.05). RESULTADOS: La coadministración de ambos fármacos produjo una interacción de tipo aditivo en el grupo control y del grupo tratado en el test de Hot Plate, mientras que en el grupo tratado en el test de Tail Flick se observó una interacción de tipo sinérgico. CONCLUSIONES: Tramadol, ácido valproico y su combinación producen antihipernocicepción en ratones a los cuales se les indujo neuropatía con paclitaxel. Solamente en el ensayo de retirada de la cola, la asociación de tramadol y ácido valproico induce una interacción sinérgica.
155

Pharmaceutical Properties of Nanoparticulate Formulation Composed of TPGS and PLGA for Controlled Delivery of Anticancer Drug

Mu, L., Chan-Park, Mary Bee-Eng, Yue, Chee Yoon, Feng, S.S. 01 1900 (has links)
A suitable management of the pharmaceutical property is needed and helpful to design a desired nanoparticulate delivery system, which includes the carrier nature, particle size and size distribution, morphology, surfactant stabiliser according to the technique applied, drug-loading ratio and encapsulation efficiency, surface property, etc. All will influence the in vitro release, in vivo behaviour and tissue distribution of administered particulate drug loaded nanoparticles. The main purpose of the present work was to determine the effect of drug loading ratio when employing TPGS as surfactant stabiliser and/or matrix material to improve the nanoparticulate formulation. The model drug employed was paclitaxel. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
156

Reversal Of Paclitaxel Resistance In Mcf-7 Cell Line By A Chemical Modulator Elacridar

Sener, Emine Cigdem 01 September 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The phenomenon called multi drug resistance (MDR) is the resistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs before or during chemotherapy. One of the mechanisms causing MDR is the upregulation of efflux pumps. The overexpression of MDR1 and MRP1 results in increased efflux of anticancer agents. The aim of this study was to reverse MDR1-mediated paclitaxel resistance in MCF7 breast cancer cell line by a chemical MDR modulator elacridar. In this study, cytotoxicity and the reversal effect of elacridar on sensitive and paclitaxel resistant cells were investigated. The effect of elacridar on MDR1 and MRP1 gene expressions were also determined. Results indicated MDR1 gene was highly overexpressed (208 fold) in MCF7/Pac cells compared to MCF7/S cells. Elacridar was not found to be cytotoxic in MCF7/Pac cells up to 30&micro / M. XTT results demonstrated 0.5&micro / M elacridar concentration was able to restore the antiproliferative effect of paclitaxel by 94% in MCF7/Pac cells. Complete MDR reversal was achieved at 5&micro / M elacridar concentration. qPCR results revealed dose dependent upregulations in MDR1 and MRP1 gene expression levels after elacridar treatment which did not prevent reversal of MDR by elacridar. Elacridar was shown to be very effective against paclitaxel resistance in MCF7/Pac cells at low concentrations. Therefore, it can be a suitable candidate for therapeutic applications in patients who developed paclitaxel resistance. Nevertheless, dose dependent upregulations in MDR1 and MRP1 gene expressions should be taken into consideration and overdose elacridar administration should be avoided.
157

Ανάπτυξη πολυλειτουργικών νανοκαψακίων φορτωμένα με αντικαρκινικά φάρμακα για τη στοχευμένη φαρμακοθεραπεία καρκινικών όγκων

Κουτσιούκη, Καλλιόπη 10 June 2015 (has links)
Η Πακλιταξέλη αποτελεί ένα από τα πιο ευρέως διαδεδομένα χημειοθεραπευτικά φάρμακα και ενδείκνυται κυρίως σε καρκίνο του πνεύμονα, του μαστού, των ωοθηκών, καθώς και σε σάρκωμα Kaposi ασθενών με AIDS. Ωστόσο, η χρήση της συνδέεται με αρκετές παρενέργειες, γεγονός που επέβαλε την τροποποίησή της σε Συστήματα Ελεγχόμενης Χορήγησης (DDS). Τα συγκεκριμένα συστήματα επιτρέπουν την εκλεκτική μεταφορά του φαρμάκου στον καρκινικό ιστό με μηχανισμούς παθητικής ή ενεργητικής στόχευσης, καθώς και τον έλεγχο του φαρμακοκινητικού προφίλ. Ιδιαίτερα ελπιδοφόρα φαίνεται να είναι η ενσωμάτωση της PTX σε πολυμερικές νανοκάψουλες. Η δομή πυρήνα - κελύφους των νανοκαψακίων καλύπτει τη χορήγηση μίας μεγάλης ποικιλίας ενεργών συστατικών, με το ενδιαφέρον να εστιάζεται σε αντινεοπλασματικά, αντιφλεγμονώδη, αντιικά και ανοσοκατασταλτικά. Η εισαγωγή των φαρμάκων στα νανοκαψάκια μπορεί να οδηγεί σε αύξηση της αποτελεσματικότητας και σταθερότητας των δραστικών ουσιών, καλύτερη in vivo συμπεριφορά και υψηλότερη ενδοκυτταρική πρόσληψη. Ορισμένες μελέτες προτείνουν την εγκαψακίωση νανοσωματιδίων οξειδίου του σιδήρου (SPIONs) σε συστήματα χορήγησης φαρμάκων, τα οποία έχουν αποδειχθεί πολύτιμα εργαλεία τόσο στον τομέα της διάγνωσης (μαγνητική τομογραφία πυρηνικού συντονισμού), όσο και της θεραπείας. Με εφαρμογή εξωτερικού εναλλασσόμενου μαγνητικού πεδίου καθίσταται εφικτή η συσσώρευση των μαγνητικών νανοφορέων στον ιστό - στόχο (μαγνητική στόχευση), ενώ η θεραπεία επέρχεται μέσω επαγωγής μαγνητικής υπερθερμίας. Η εν λόγω μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή πραγματεύεται την εγκαψακίωση της ΡΤΧ και των SPIONs σε πολυμερικές νανοκάψουλες, παρασκευασμένες από το συμπολυμερές πολυ(γαλακτικού οξέος) – πολυ(αιθυλενογλυκόλης) (PLA-PEG). Το PLA αποτελεί ένα βιοαποικοδομήσιμο πολυμερές, το οποίο δημιουργεί έναν πυρήνα, ικανό να εγκαψακιώσει και να προστατέψει υδρόφοβες ουσίες. Από την άλλη μεριά, το PEG είναι ένα υδρόφιλο, βιοσυμβατό πολυμερές, το οποίο προσδίδει στερεοχημική σταθεροποίηση στα συστήματα και παρατείνει το χρόνο κυκλοφορίας τους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, παρασκευάστηκαν μαγνητικά νανοκαψάκια με συμπολυμερή PLA-PEG, διαφορετικού μοριακού βάρους, με τη μέθοδο της καθίζησης (nanoprecipitation). Οι μαγνητικοί νανοκρυσταλλίτες συντέθηκαν με την τεχνική της θερμικής αποικοδόμησης, ενώ ως πρόδρομη ένωση χρησιμοποιήθηκε ελαϊκός σίδηρος [Fe(Olate)3]. Διερευνήθηκαν διάφορες παράμετροι σχετικά με την σύνθεση (ποσότητα SPIONs, αναλογία πολυμερούς/ελαίου, ποσότητα φαρμάκου), έτσι ώστε να δημιουργηθούν βέλτιστοι νανοφορείς. Επιπλέον, εξετάστηκε η σταθερότητα των διασπορών τόσο στο χρόνο, όσο και στην παρουσία ηλεκτρολυτών (NaCl) με μέτρηση της υδροδυναμικής διαμέτρου και του επιφανειακού φορτίου, χρησιμοποιώντας την τεχνική της δυναμικής σκέδασης φωτός (DLS). Ακολούθησε μορφολογική εκτίμηση των νανοκαψακίων με τη βοήθεια ηλεκτρονικής μικροσκοπίας διάδοσης (ΤΕΜ) και δομικός χαρακτηρισμός τους μέσω φασματοσκοπίας FTIR. Σε επόμενο στάδιο, μετρήθηκε το ποσοστό φόρτωσης της ΡΤΧ με χρήση υγρής χρωματογραφίας (HPLC) και πραγματοποιήθηκαν μελέτες αποδέσμευσης, παρουσία και μη εξωτερικού εναλλασσόμενου μαγνητικού πεδίου, σε διάλυμα φωσφορικών (pH =7.4) στους 37 oC για 24 h. Τέλος, εξετάστηκε η κυτταροτοξικότητα των «φορτωμένων» (με ΡΤΧ) μαγνητικών νανοκαψακίων και συγκρίθηκε με εκείνη των «κενών» νανοφορέων, αλλά και του φαρμάκου. Ο έλεγχος αυτός πραγματοποιήθηκε με χρώση καρκινικών κυττάρων (σειρά Α549) από ιωδιούχο προπίδιο (ΡΙ) και μέτρηση του φθορισμού των νεκρών κυττάρων από κυτταρομετρία ροής. Τα αποτελέσματα ήταν ιδιαιτέρως ικανοποιητικά, καθώς οι νανοφορείς παρουσιάζουν σταθερότητα στο χρόνο (έλεγχος περιόδου ενός μηνός), αλλά και παρουσία ηλεκτρολυτών. Το ποσοστό φόρτωσης της ΡΤΧ υπολογίστηκε ~1.2 %, ενώ η απόδοση εγκαψακίωσης κυμαινόταν από 15 - 25 %. Επίσης, παρουσίασαν υψηλή απόδοση εγκαψακίωσης SPIONs (~65 %), εξαρτώμενη από την πολυμερική σύνθεση των νανοφορέων. Οι μελέτες απελευθέρωσης παρουσίασαν παρατεταμένη αποδέσμευση της πακλιταξέλης, η οποία αποκρίνεται σε παρουσία εξωτερικού μαγνητικού πεδίου. Τέλος, τα «κενά» (χωρίς φάρμακο) μαγνητικά νανοκαψάκια δεν παρουσίασαν κυτταροτοξικότητα, σε αντίθεση με τα «φορτωμένα» με φάρμακο, τα οποία προκάλεσαν μεγαλύτερη τοξικότητα σε καρκινικά κύτταρα και από το ελεύθερο φάρμακο. Τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματα δικαιολογούν την περαιτέρω διερεύνηση της πιθανής χρησιμοποίησης των PLA-PEG μαγνητικών νανοκαψακίων ως φορείς στοχευμένης χορήγησης της Πακλιταξέλης. / Paclitaxel is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs and is particularly suitable to lung, breast, ovarian cancer and AIDS - related Kaposi sarcoma. However, its use is associated with several side effects, certain of them attributable to the formulation used clinically today, which imposed its formulation in Targetable Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS). These systems allow selective delivery of drug in the tumor tissue by passive or active targeting mechanisms and control of the pharmacokinetic profile. Particularly promising appears to be the encapsulation of PTX in polymeric nanocapsules. The core - shell structure of the nanocapsules covers the delivery of a wide variety of active ingredients, with interest focused on anti-neoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and immunosuppressive. The nanoencapsulation of drugs can increase the efficiency and the stability of active substances, while allowing better in vivo behavior and higher intracellular uptake. Some studies suggest the encapsulation of iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in such systems, which have been proven valuable tools in both diagnosis (through nuclear magnetic resonance imaging) and therapy. The application of an external alternating magnetic field permits the accumulation of magnetic nanocarrier in target-tissue (magnetic targeting), while the treatment occurs by inducing magnetic hyperthermia. This thesis discusses the encapsulation of PTX and SPIONs in polymeric nanocapsules, prepared from biocompatible poly (lactic acid) - poly (ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) copolymers. The PLA is a biodegradable polymer, which generates a core capable to encapsulate and protect hydrophobic substances. On the other hand, the PEG is a hydrophilic, biocompatible polymer, which gives steric stabilization systems and prolong their circulation time after intravenous administration. Specifically, magnetic nanocapsules were synthesized with varying molecular weight of copolymers PLA-PEG through the nanoprecipitation method, while the magnetic nanoparticles were composed through thermal decomposition and oleate iron [Fe (Olate) 3] was used as a precursor. The optimum parameters were determined, conferring to the nanocapsules high stability. In addition, they were characterized with regard to their size and zeta potential at different salt concentrations (up to 2M NaCl) using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Then, the morphological characteristics of nanocapsules were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their structural characterization by spectroscopy FTIR. In the next step, the Paclitaxel loading was determined with liquid chromatography (HPLC) and release studies were conducted in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) at 37 oC for 24 h, including triggered drug-release by application of AC magnetic field. Finally, the cytotoxicity of drug-loaded (with PTX) magnetic nanocapsules was tested and compared to that of blank (without drug) nanocarriers and free drug. For these studies the cancer cell line A549 was used and after their incubation with the nanocapsules or the free drug, the dead cells were stained by propidium iodide (PI) and measured by flow cytometry. The obtained results were particularly satisfactory, as nanocarriers show stability over time (up to one month) and at high salt concentrations, much higher than the physiologic one. The loading of PTX was measured to be 1.2%, for a theoretical loading of 1.9 %, and the yield of encapsulation ranged from 15-25%. The nanocapsules also showed high encapsulation efficiency for SPIONs (~ 65%), depending on the polymeric composition of nanocarriers. Drug release studies showed that the nanocapsules exhibited controlled release properties. Furthermore, the release appeared to respond to the presence of external magnetic field. Finally, the «blank» magnetic nanocapsules did not exhibit cytotoxicity, whereas the «loaded» nanocarriers caused higher toxicity than the free drug. These results justify further investigation of the PLA-PEG magnetic nanocapsules as drug delivery systems of Paclitaxel.
158

Development of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(caprolactone) amphiphilic diblock copolymer nanoparticulate formulations for the delivery of paclitaxel

Letchford, Kevin John 11 1900 (has links)
The goal of this project was to develop a non-toxic amphiphilic diblock copolymer nanoparticulate drug delivery system that will solubilize paclitaxel (PTX) and retain the drug in plasma. Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MePEG-b-PCL) diblock copolymers loaded with PTX were characterized and their physicochemical properties were correlated with their performance as nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. A series of MePEG-b-PCL was synthesized with PCL blocks ranging from 2-104 repeat units and MePEG blocks of 17, 44 or 114 repeat units. All copolymers were water soluble and formed micelles except MePEG₁₁₄-b-PCL₁₀₄, which was water insoluble and formed nanospheres. Investigation of the effects of block length on the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles was used to select appropriate copolymers for development as PTX nanoparticles. The critical micelle concentration, pyrene partition coefficient and diameter of nanoparticles were found to be dependent on the PCL block length. Copolymers based on a MePEG molecular weight of 750 g/mol were found to have temperature dependent phase behavior. Relationships between the concentration of micellized drug and the compatibility between the drug and core-forming block, as determined by the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, and PCL block length were developed. Increases in the compatibility between PCL and the drug, as well as longer PCL block lengths resulted in increased drug solubilization. The physicochemical properties and drug delivery performance characteristics of MePEG₁₁₄-b-PCL₁₉ micelles and MePEG₁₁₄-b-PCL₁₀₄ nanospheres were compared. Nanospheres were larger, had a more viscous core, solubilized more PTX and released it slower, compared to micelles. No difference was seen in the hemocompatibility of the nanoparticles as assessed by plasma coagulation time and erythrocyte hemolysis. Micellar PTX had an in vitro plasma distribution similar to free drug. The majority of micellar PTX associated with the lipoprotein deficient plasma fraction (LPDP). In contrast, nanospheres were capable of retaining more of the encapsulated drug with significantly less PTX partitioning into the LPDP fraction. In conclusion, although both micelles and nanospheres were capable of solubilizing PTX and were hemocompatible, PTX nanospheres may offer the advantage of prolonged blood circulation, based on the in vitro plasma distribution data, which showed that nanospheres retained PTX more effectively.
159

Investigation of femtosecond laser technology for the fabrication of drug nanocrystals in suspension

Kenth, Sukhdeep 12 1900 (has links)
La technique du laser femtoseconde (fs) a été précédemment utilisée pour la production de nanoparticules d'or dans un environnement aqueux biologiquement compatible. Au cours de ce travail de maîtrise, cette méthode a été investiguée en vue d'une application pour la fabrication de nanocristaux de médicament en utilisant le paclitaxel comme modèle. Deux procédés distincts de cette technologie à savoir l'ablation et la fragmentation ont été étudiés. L'influence de la puissance du laser, de point de focalisation, et de la durée du traitement sur la distribution de taille des particules obtenues ainsi que leur intégrité chimique a été évaluée. Les paramètres ont ainsi été optimisés pour la fabrication des nanoparticules. L’évaluation morphologique et chimique a été réalisée par microscopie électronique et spectroscopie infrarouge respectivement. L'état cristallin des nanoparticules de paclitaxel a été caractérisé par calorimétrie differentielle et diffraction des rayons X. L'optimisation du procédé de production de nanoparticules par laser fs a permis d'obtenir des nanocristaux de taille moyenne (400 nm, polydispersité ≤ 0,3). Cependant une dégradation non négligeable a été observée. La cristallinité du médicament a été maintenue durant la procédure de réduction de taille, mais le paclitaxel anhydre a été transformé en une forme hydratée. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que le laser fs peut générer des nanocristaux de principe actif. Cependant cette technique peut se révéler problématique pour des médicaments sensibles à la dégradation. Grâce à sa facilité d'utilisation et la possibilité de travailler avec des quantités restreintes de produit, le laser fs pourrait représenter une alternative valable pour la production de nanoparticules de médicaments peu solubles lors des phases initiales de développement préclinique. Mots-clés: paclitaxel, nanocristaux, laser femtoseconde, ablation, fragmentation / Femtosecond (fs) laser ablation and fragmentation, a novel technique based upon the breakdown of material using laser energy was previously used for the production of fine gold nanoparticles in suspension. This technique has been newly investigated for the fabrication of paclitaxel nanocrystals in aqueous solution. In this work, we report the fabrication and characterization of paclitaxel nanocrystals generated by fs laser technology. Two distinct methods of this technology have been explored: ablation and fragmentation. The influence of the laser power, focusing position and treatment time on the particle size, size distribution and chemical integrity of the drug has been studied. Morphology and chemical composition of the finest paclitaxel nanocrystal formulation was studied by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analyses were employed to evaluate the polymorphic state of the paclitaxel nanocrystals. Optimal laser fabrication parameters have been established for the fabrication of uniformly small sized paclitaxel nanocrystals. Those optimal conditions generated finely-sized paclitaxel nanoparticles (400 nm, PDI ≤ 0.3) with a considerable degradation. The drug remained crystalline upon nanonization at high power, though the anhydrous crystals were converted to a partially hydrated form. These findings suggest that drug nanocrystals could be produced using the fs laser technology; however, this technique may be inappropriate for drugs sensitive to degradation. Moreover, the simple fabrication of drug nanocrystals using the fs laser fragmentation presents a great asset for the intial phases of preclinical development of many poorly soluble drug candidates, which are not as sensitive as paclitaxel. Keywords: paclitaxel, nanocrystals, femtosecond, ablation, fragmentation
160

BAD-interacting proteins in breast cancer cells

Craik, Alison C Unknown Date
No description available.

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