The red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) is native to Eurasia, but in the UK its survival is being threatened by the non-native grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Since its introduction to the UK from the USA the grey squirrel has increased its range at the expense of the red squirrel. Although competition for resources clearly plays a role in this replacement, an infectious viral disease, caused by squirrelpox virus (SQPV) and hosted apparently asymptomatically by the grey squirrels, has now been recognised as a major contributing factor. Little is known about the pathogenesis of infection in grey squirrels in comparison to red squirrels, but understanding this is essential to determining how the virus spreads within and between the red and grey squirrels. The aims of this thesis were to investigate the course of SQPV infection in red and grey squirrels and possible routes of virus transmission. Specifically, for the first time, a novel Real Time PCR (qPCR) assay and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the presence of SQPV in various tissues from naturally infected red squirrels and experimentally infected grey squirrels. In diseased red squirrels SQPV DNA was found in several tissues with the highest amounts being found in skin samples. This reflects the multiple lesions that were easily visible on the red squirrel carcasses. There was no indication of systemic disease although the viral DNA was detected, at lower levels, in other internal organs. Grey squirrels were experimentally infected with SQPV isolated from naturally-infected red squirrels with fatal clinical disease. In contrast to SQPV-infected red squirrels no clinical lesions, other than mild scab formation at the site of inoculation, were found in the grey squirrels post-infection. No gross pathological changes indicative of systemic infection were observed and these findings were reflected in the qPCR and histopathology results. Viral DNA was only detected by qPCR in samples from the site of inoculation (scarified skin) and at lower concentrations in other skin tissues such as digital and eyelid skin. In addition, histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination revealed evidence of infection characterized by ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, and acanthosis and spongiosis of the epidermis. These skin lesions were self limiting and minor compared to the infected red squirrel skin samples. The molecular variation in the virus isolated over time from different parts of the UK was also investigated. Seven SQPV isolates (4 from Scotland and 3 from England) were tested and results indicated that there are no significant changes in the amino acid sequence of any of the three genes examined apart from one amino acid change (one base change) in one gene. All Scottish isolates examined showed this change in comparison to English isolates. The results in this thesis show that there is a mild pathology associated with SQPV infection in grey squirrels. Scabs form at the site of infection but are less proliferative than in infected red squirrels, though they may still serve to contaminate the environment with virus leading to further outbreaks of disease. In contrast it seems likely that the proliferative lesions suffered by red squirrels and the greater amounts of virus that this leads to are likely to be more significant to the epidemiology of disease in localised outbreaks.

This research explores the temporal patterns of psychophysiological responses to musical excerpts by analyzing the expansive Emotion in Motion dataset, the most comprehensive of its kind. Utilizing the Dynamic Time Warping and T-test analysis techniques, we examined data from participants across seven countries who listened to three distinct musical pieces. During these listening sessions, Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Pulse Oximetry (POX) readings were collected, complemented by qualitative feedback from the participants. Our analysis focused on detecting recurring patterns and extracting meaningful insights from the data. In addition to this, we compare several Deep Neural Networks to find the one that is best suited for prediction of emotional attributes with EDA and POX signals as input. To further facilitate a comprehensive visualization and analysis of the EDA, POX, and audio signals, we developed a dedicated platform, which features a coordinated multiple view interface, as an integral part of this work. / Master of Science / We explored how people's bodies react over time when they listen to music. We used a large collection of data called the ``Emotion in Motion'' dataset, which has information from people in seven countries who listened to three different music pieces. To understand this data, we used special tools that help detect patterns and changes in how the body responds. During the music sessions, the participant's skin's electrical activity and the amount of oxygen in the blood were recorded, which can give clues about emotional reactions. People also shared their feelings about the music. To make it easier to see and understand all this information together, we created a new web platform that simulates the experiment in real-time. This work aims to help us better understand the deep connection between music and human emotions.

La maladie de la Sharka est due à un virus de quarantaine, le Plum Pox Virus (PPV), infectant les arbres fruitiers du genre Prunus. Il est nécessaire de trouver des moyens de lutte, telle que la sélection de plantes résistantes. Or chez ces espèces, les sources de résistance sont à l’heure actuelle en nombre limité, voire inexistantes. Il a été montré, au laboratoire, que ce virus est capable d’infecter Arabidopsis thaliana et qu’il existe chez cette espèce une grande diversité de réponse à l’infection. En effet nous avons pu observer que les accessions St-0 et JEA avais un comportement résistant, alors que l'accession Cvi-1 été partiellement résistante. Deux méthodes d’inoculation ont été comparées: une inoculation mécanique à partir de feuilles de Nicotiana benthamiana inoculées avec pICPPVnkGFP et une inoculation par agro-infection à partir d’une souche Agrobacterium tumesfasciens contenant l’isolat viral pBINPPVnkGFP. L'emploi de ces deux méthodes d'inoculation nous a permis de mettre en évidence une variabilité de la réponse au PPV en fonction de la méthode utilisée. En conséquence, cette étude visait donc à identifier le ou les facteur(s) de la plante hôte impliqué(s) dans l'infection virale. L'agro-infection de populations recombinantes (F2 et RIL), de lignées multi-parentales ainsi que l'emploi de la génétique d'association a mis en évidence chez St-0 ainsi que dans plusieurs accession distinct (sept) un locus majeur sur le groupe de liaison 3, appelé sha3. Il apparait indispensable dans le mouvement longue distance du PPV. De plus l'utilisation de la génétique d'association a permis d'initier la cartographie fine de sha3 et de réduire considérablement le nombre de gènes candidats. Un criblage de mutants a été initié afin de déterminer le ou les gènes candidats contrôlant le phénotype Sha3. Après inoculation mécanique, l’analyse d'une population recombinante a mis en évidence la présence d’un locus majeur, distinct de sha3 et positionné au milieu du bras long du groupe de liaison 1. Ce locus co-localise avec rpv1, locus identifié précédemment dans la descendance Cvi x Ler (Sicard, Loudet et al. 2008). Ce même locus a été également confirmé à la fois dans une population multi-parentale et par une approche de génétique d'association. Un gène candidat est actuellement en cours de validation au laboratoire. Une étude visant à décomposer le mécanisme de résistance porté par l’accession JEA a été mise en place. Dans ce cas, il apparait que la propagation du virus est inhibée dans les feuilles de la rosette mais pas dans les tissus floraux. Ainsi, la résistance/sensibilité au PPV chez JEA est fortement conditionnée par les stades physiologiques de la plante hôte. Des travaux complémentaires seront indispensables afin de décrire plus finement ce mécanisme de résistance très particulier. Au terme de cette thèse, nous nous attendons à ce que l’identification de ces nouveaux gènes de résistance chez Arabidopsis permette, après transfert, d’accroître la diversité des sources de résistance à la Sharka chez les arbres fruitiers. / The Plum Pox Virus (PPV) infects Prunus species (stone fruit) and is the causal agent of the Sharka disease. This disease is vastly devastating for fruit and plant productivity and quality. Its cost reaches 10 billions of euros over the last 30 years. Breeding programs have been carried out with the aim to implement resistant cultivars but the number of sources of resistance in Prunus species is rather limited. It has been shown in the laboratory that this virus is able to infect Arabidopsis thaliana with a wide range of response to infection. Indeed, we observed that accessions St-0 and JEA had a resistant behavior, while accession Cvi-1 was partially resistant. Two inoculation methods were compared: mechanical inoculation from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves inoculated with pICPPVnkGFP and agro-inoculation infection from an Agrobacterium strain containing the viral isolate tumesfasciens pBINPPVnkGFP. The use of these two methods of inoculation allows us to highlight variability in the response to PPV depending on the method used. This study aims to identify the factor (s) of the host (s) involved in viral infection. Agro-infection of recombinant populations (F2 and RIL), multi-parental lines and the use of genetic association demonstrate in St-0 and several distinct accessions (seven) a major locus on linkage group 3, called sha3. It appears essential in the long-distance movement of PPV. Use of association genetics helped initiate the fine mapping of sha3 and significantly reduce the number of candidate genes. Screening of mutants was initiated to determine the gene controlling the phenotype Sha3. After mechanical inoculation, the analysis of a recombinant population revealed the presence of a major locus positioned in the middle of the long arm of linkage group 1. This locus co-localizes with rpv1, previously identified in Cvi x Ler offspring (Sicard, Loudet et al. 2008). The same locus was also confirmed with a multi-parental population and by a genetic association approach. A candidate gene is currently being validated in the laboratory. The study of the resistance mechanism carried by the accession JEA was initiated. In this case, it appears that the spread of the virus is inhibited in basal leaves but not in floral stem. The resistance / susceptibility to PPV in JEA appear to be strongly influenced by the physiological stages of the host plant. Further work will be necessary to describe more precisely this resistance mechanism very special. At the end of this thesis, we expect that the identification of these new resistance genes in Arabidopsis allows, after transfer, to increase the diversity of sources of resistance to plum pox virus in fruit trees.

Denna studie fokuserar på att samla information om Software Defined Networking, dess protokoll och dess kontroller. Det som jag har lärt mig under arbetet kommer att användas för att utvärdera två olika kontroller, POX och ONOS. Ett traditionellt nätverks kommer att sättas upp fysiskt och användas som en grund för att jämföra kontrollerna. Den traditionella lösningen använder två routrar och fyra switchar, och egenskaper som testas är bland annat lager 2 och lager 3 samt deras protokoll för redundans. Kontrollerna kommer sedan att användas för att se om de lever upp till samma krav. Resultaten av denna studie visar att varken POX eller ONOS kunde användas för varje testat scenario, inte med de moduler som kontrollerna kommer förinstallerade med. Det visade också att de egenskaper som de levde upp till var en hel del lättare att konfigurera och övervaka jämfört med dess traditionella motsvarigheter. Detta visar vikten av att lista ut vad som behövs och förväntas från nätverket innan man försöker hitta en passande lösning för att utföra detta. All information som samlats i denna studie används också för att skapa en laboration som ska introducera andra till koncepten kring SDN. Den undersöker hur Mininet kan användas för att virtualisera ett nätverk, hur flöden kan installeras med OpenFlow samt hur en kontroller kan användas för att förenkla administration av ett nätverk. / This study focuses on gathering information about Software Defined Networking, it's protocols ans it's controllers. What I have learned doing this will be used to evaluate two different controllers, POX and ONOS. A traditional network setup will be set up physically and serve as a base when it comes to comparing the controllers. The traditional setup includes two routers and four switches, and among the tested characteristics are layer 2 and 3 and it's redundancy protocols. The controllers will then be used to try and live up to the same characteristics. The result of this study shows that neither POX nor ONOS could be used for every scenario tested, not with the basic modules the controllers comes with. It also showed that the characteristics they did manage was a fair bit easier to setup and monitor compared to it's traditional counterparts, thus showing the importance of figuring out what is needed from a network before trying to find a fitting solution to how it needs to be set up. All the information gathered in this study is also used to create a lab instruction meant to introduce others to the concepts of SDN. It explores how to use Mininet to virtualise a network environment, how to install flows using OpenFlow and how to use a controller to simplify the management of the network.

Master of Public Health / Public Health Interdepartmental Program / Patricia A. Payne / Capstone field experience project with the Fort Riley Department of Public Health (FRPH). This project was two-fold. The first part of the project was to observe, assist with, and develop an understanding of the different areas of the department of public health at Fort Riley. The second was to organize, manage, and analyze a vaccination clinic at the Fort Riley Middle School. The vaccination clinic offered vaccines for chicken pox, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis, meningococcal disease, human papillomavirus, and the flu.

The significant cultural impact of HIV/AIDS has led to the production of an impressive amount of scholarship in the US and Northern Europe since the outbreak of the epidemic in 1980. In contrast, the study of the cultural representations of HIV/AIDS has been largely overlooked in the realm of Spanish literary criticism. The purpose of my dissertation is to address that void through the analysis of a representative corpus of texts and artistic works from different periods and genres that acknowledge the impact of the epidemic in Spain. More particularly, this dissertation analyzes Spanish literary and artistic representations of HIV/AIDS through a critical comparison with other written materials produced in the 16th and 17th centuries as a reaction to the syphilis epidemic that hit Europe at the time, also known as the Great Pox. The corpus of texts used in this dissertation includes Francisco Delicado’s La Lozana andaluza (1528); two short novels by Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616); individual poems and collections of poetry by authors such as Francisco de Quevedo (1580-1645), Anastasio Pantaleón de Ribera (1600-1629), Aníbal Núñez (1944-1987), or Galician-language poet Lois Pereiro (1958-1996); as well as artistic works and performances by AIDS activist Pepe Espaliú (1955-1993). I explore this corpus through an interdisciplinary approach bringing into play, among others, historical and medical discourses, biopolitics, sociology of literature, semiology, as well as theories about violence and empathy. In my comparative examination of these authors’ representations of disease, I argue that contemporary writers approached HIV/AIDS using a framework inspired on the aesthetic and epistemic strategies developed in the 16th and 17th centuries in the context of the emergence of the Baroque. This framework allowed modern authors to confront the uncertainties caused by Post-Modernity and HIV/AIDS, and inspired them to depict the pandemic by means of metaphor and indirectness. The ultimate goal of my research is to uncover variables that will help to enlighten the well-documented historical trend to stigmatize sexual transmitted and infectious diseases. My work also sheds light on the reasons behind the slow emergence of epidemic diseases as objects of cultural debate in Spain, as well as on the social, political and ethical consequences of this slowness. Finally, I argue that there are some specifically artistic and literary responses to the Great Pox and HIV/AIDS that can help to understand the nature of these diseases and to distinguish discriminatory usages of these phenomena.

Hohenheim, Universiẗat, Diss., 2005.

Summary: Consilia played an important role in medieval but also early modern professional health literature. Literary "consilium" contained a written statement of one particular case, the patient's condition and disease as well as advice on a medical procedure where a doctor in accordance with the contemporary discourse analyzed symptoms, determined the diagnosis, prognosis and recommended its pharmacological treatment including possible technical interventions (venesection etc.). In the 16th century, the Consilia Literature was a common part of many eminent physicians' practice whereas nowadays it is unjustly neglected source of history of medicine, pharmacology, dietetics and so on. The first part of the dissertation is devoted to the definition of genre, the initial stages of its development and description of the specifics of the Middle Ages. However the results of fifteen eminent physicians of Italy (B. Vettori, G. B. Da Monte, V. Trincavelli, A. M. Venusti, G. Capodivaccio, C. Guarinoni), France (J. Fernel, G. de Baillou) and of the German-speaking areas of Central Europe (J. Crato, R. Solenander, L. Scholz, D. Cornarius, J. Wittich, T. Mermann, J. Matthaeus), became the main theme of work of early modern consultative collections. On examination of nearly seven thousand consilia from twenty two...

The maturation of the public sphere in Argentina during the late nineteenth and early twentiethcenturies was a critical element in the nation-building process and the overall development ofthe modern state. Within the context of this evolution, the discourse of disease generatedintense debates that subsequently influenced policies that transformed the public spaces ofBuenos Aires and facilitated state intervention within the private domains of the city’sinhabitants. Under the banner of hygiene and public health, municipal officials thusEuropeanized the nation’s capital through the construction of parks and plazas and likewiseutilized the press to garner support for the initiatives that would remedy the unsanitaryconditions and practices of the city. Despite promises to the contrary, the improvements to thepublic spaces of Buenos Aires primarily benefited the porteño elite while the efforts to rootout disease often targeted working-class neighborhoods. The model that reformed the publicspace of Buenos Aires, including its socially differentiated application of aesthetic order andpublic health policies, was ultimately employed throughout the Argentine Republic as theconsolidated political elite rolled out its national program of material and social development.

This thesis covers utilization of software defined networks for lawful interception purposes. Based on specific implementation of lawful interception system SLIS developed by Sec6Net group, suggests improvements aiming at more precise identification of intercepted users and better effectivity of system resources. First aim is achieved by implementation of a new module for dynamic identification component while the other one alters configuration mechanism for probes and OpenFlow switches.