No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

The master thesis focuses on the process of implementation of global strategies to the national policy of the Czech Republic. The thesis is a case study. Its subject is global strategy the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Czech strategic framework Czech Republic 2030. The first part of the thesis presents current knowledge of the sustainable development and dealing with global strategies in this field in the Czech Republic. The theoretical background of the own research is a theory of politics network and a theory of global governance. The aim of the thesis is not only to describe and explain the process of implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to the Czech national policy, but also to define roles of groups of actors and to evaluate the participatory approach which was newly chosen for the Czech Republic 2030. The second part of the thesis is focused on the own research which was based on the analysis of relevant documents and semi-structured interviews with eleven experts (representatives of the Public administration, private sector, trade union, academic community and NGOs). One of the main contributions of this thesis is a comparison of the process of creating the Czech strategic framework for sustainable development from 2010 and the new system that was...

This study examines individuals’ motivational factors when it comes to participation in surveys, and how these are reflected in their social actions. The empirical data consists of semi-structured interviews with six individuals, three men and three women. The empirical data has been analyzed on the basis of Max Weber's ideal types of social action (Weber, 1983) and Edwin Locke’s motivational theory (2000). The study finds several aspects that affect the decision making when it comes to participating in a survey, or not to participate. The most central theme is that the research topic in a survey needs to be significant to motivate the respondents to participate. The respondents all share the view that research within the field of health and medicine is important, accordingly expressing motivation to participate in surveys regarding the subject. Another central theme is that a survey needs to favor the participants in some way for them to feel motivated to participate. / Denna studie undersöker vad som motiverar individer till att delta i undersökningar, och hur detta avspeglas i deras sociala handlande. Empirin består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex personer, varav tre män och tre kvinnor. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats utifrån Max Webers idealtyper för det sociala handlandet (Weber, 1983) samt Edwin Locke´s motivationsteori (Locke, 2000). Resultatet i studien visar att det finns flera olika aspekter som väger in när det kommer till att ta beslutet att delta, eller att inte delta i undersökningar. Det mest centrala temat hos samtliga respondenter forskningsämnet i en undersökning måste kännas betydelsefullt för att de ska motiveras till att delta i studien. Gemensamt hos samtliga respondenter är att undersökningar samt forskning gällande medicin och hälsa är ytterst viktigt, samt att de upplever större motivation till att delta i dessa undersökningar. Utöver detta är ävenett annat centralt tema individuella nyttor samt incitament i undersökningar för att öka motivationen.

Student Number: 0004062T Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences / This thesis discusses the impact that the Ford, Mott, Kellogg and Open Society Foundations had on civil society organisations in South Africa in setting development priorities. The thesis tested first, the hypothesis that donors set the agenda for their grantees. Secondly, the thesis tested the assumption that aid facilitates grantees’ submission to donor interests. And in the process grantees lose their identity and focus. The research found that most of civil society organisations (CSOs) depended on international donors, in particular, foundations,for their operations. There was little mobilisation of resources from local citizens. As a result, CSOs were vulnerable to donor conditionalities and agendas. The four case studies and their selected beneficiaries show that most CSOs were not sustainable. If donors withdrew their support, a number of their grantees would curtail their work, close down or lose their vision and mission. In some cases CSOs changed their missions to follow the money, nevertheless, changing contexts and demands were also relevant factors. Although lack of sustainability for CSOs and their greater dependency on international donors made their agendas questionable, it also provided independence from internal political interference. CSOs also appeared more accountable to donors than to the constituencies they served. The Kellogg Foundation insisted that organisations had to toe the line to implement the Foundation’s agenda or risk losing funding. George Soros of the Open Society Foundation also called the shots. He set the agenda and his Foundations implemented it. This showed the power of direct intervention by a living donor who operated as a Programme Officer for all his foundations. The question of donor-dependency is closely linked to that of leadership. A number of organisations with good leaders attracted many donors. However the increase in donors, did not sustain these organisations, instead it made them vulnerable to many different donor demands. Thus, donor diversification was both an asset and a threat. However, good leadership prevented CSOs from collapse from lack of transparency, accountability and effectiveness. A temptation to ‘want to look like donors’, a process that is called ‘isomorphism’ by DiMaggio and Powell (1991) characterised many CSOs resulting in them losing their identity, mission and vision. There were positive aspects that international Foundations achieved in supporting civil society foundations. The Open Society Foundation worked to open up closed societies. It supported efforts that aimed at fostering democratic ideals, rule of law, social justice and open societies. The Ford Foundation supported efforts that strengthened civil society, promoted social justice and democracy. The Mott Foundation strengthened the capacity of the non-profit sector by developing in-country philanthropy. And the Kellogg Foundation supported community initiatives that aimed to tackle the causes of poverty. A negative development; however was that Foundations cultivated the culture of receiving rather than giving among their grantees. For this reason, the thesis suggested the development of ‘community philanthropy’ to sustain the non-profit (NPO) sector. Community philanthropy has the advantage of mobilising resources from domestic sources and taping into levels of social capital. Building on domestic sources would encourage a bottom up approach to development. I argue that local self-help initiatives such as stokvels, burial societies and saving clubs could serve as bases for the sustainability of the non-profit sector which suffered from donor dependency, unsustainability and poor leadership. Such an approach would make development ‘people-centered’ and encourage social responsibility among citizens to support their NPOs and its development initiatives.

No description available.

The current research study is responding to recent findings wherein, Fischer et al. (2013) report a risk rate based on EAT-26 scores in the range of 9.2% to 10.8% at BYU in comparison to the 15% they found reported in the literature using samples from other college campuses. Risk rates based on BSQ scores were reported in the 27.2% to 31.1% range, which was on par with a risk rate of 28.7% reported at a comparable university (Fischer et al., 2013). Fischer et al. (2013) conclude that while body shape concerns were estimated to be equal to or lower than reports at other universities, the level of eating disorder risk was not what would have been expected based on the estimates of other universities of the correlations normally found between EAT-26 and BSQ scores. This qualitative study investigated the experiences of 14 women who were identified as exhibiting high body shape dissatisfaction as determined by the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and did endorse having disordered eating attitudes or habits as determined by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). The In-depth interviews and data analysis were conducted using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method and aimed at exploring the experiences of these women and what they believe keeps them healthy. Seven themes emerged from the data: Control, Social, Spiritual, Priorities, Exposure to Information, Avoidance, and Food Relationship. The first four themes were further conceptualized as having both a positive, or protective, impact and a negative, or counterproductive, impact on the participants. These four themes contributed to the participants overall Self-concept. The latter three themes, although likely having the same dual potential conceptualization were less compatible with an overall model despite being themes that were emphasized in the transcripts. The theme Control was further conceptualized to depict how the positive/protective impact functioned through a perception of choice and empowerment and how the negative/counterproductive impact functioned through a perception of no choice and disempowerment. Each of these possibilities yielded two potential outcomes for the participants, (a) enforce desired behaviors; or (b) do not enforce desired behaviors. What appears to be most protective against allowing body dissatisfaction to lead to disordered eating attitudes and behaviors is having a sense of self that is accepted by both oneself and by others. Ultimately, the results are a first step in the exploration of protective factors for women with a risk of developing an eating disorder. The results provide potential implications for future research and hint at potential clinical uses, both of which are discussed.

Sveriges befolkning förändras med en ökande andel äldre invånare. Invånare som är i behov av rehabilitering för att återskapa en normal funktionsförmåga efter sjukdom eller skada. Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka profesionellas; fysioterapeuter- och arbetsterapeuters, erfarenheter av hur insatser inom rehabilitering fördelas och prioriteras i en vård- och omsorgsförvaltning i en mellanstor kommun. En kvalitativ dekriptiv design användes med semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Åtta intervjuer genomfördes och inkluderades i resultatsammanställningen. Följande resultat har presenterats; Rehabiliteringsverksamheten i den aktuella kommunen är uppdelade i 12 geografiska områden och organiserade under hemsjukvården i vård- och omsorgsförvaltningen. De vanligaste rehabiliteringsinsatserna som erbjöds var olika typer av kompenserande hjälpmedel, exempelvis rullatorer samt träning i olika moment, så som körning med rullstol eller förflyttningsträning. I verksamheten genomfördes prioriteringar av rehabiliteringsinsatser utifrån behov, skadetyp, allvarlighetsgrad på problemet, möjligheten att ta sig till primärvården och fallrisk. Det saknades riktlinjer och prioriteringsordningar i verksamheten, vilket ledde till att den enskilde rehabiliteringspersonalen var ansvarig för bedömningen. Beroende på i vilken del av vård- och omsorgsförvaltningen som personen bodde i kunde det skilja sig åt vilken insatsen som erbjöds. Rehabiliteringspersonalen gjorde olika typer av prioriteringar samt erbjöd olika typer av insatser på grund utav avsaknaden av riktlinjer för fördelning och prioritering. / Sweden's population is changing with an increasing proportion of elderly people. Individuals that are in need of rehabilitation to restore their functional capacity after illness or injury. The aim of this thesis was to investigate professionals; physiotherapists and occupational therapists, experiences of how efforts in rehabilitation are distributed and prioritized in a care and welfare administration in a medium-sized municipality. A qualitative descriptive design was used with semi-structured interviews. Eight interviews were preformed and included in the result. The following results have been presented; The rehabilitation operation in the municipality are divided into 12 geographical areas and organized under the home health care in the care and welfare administration. The most common rehabilitation intervention offered were different types of compensatory aids, such as walkers and training of various sorts, such as wheelchair driving or movement training. In the rehabilitation operation, priorities were made for rehabilitation interventions based on need, type of injury, severity of the problem, the possibility of accessing primary care and the risk of falling. There were no guidelines and prioritization schemes in the operation, which led to the individual rehabilitation staff being responsible for the assessment. Depending on which part of the care and welfare administration the person lived in, it could differ in what intervention was offered. This is because each rehabilitation staff can make different types of prioritization and offer different types of interventions because there are no guidelines for distribution and prioritization.

Inledning: Investeringsprocessen i kommuner är ett komplext system uppbyggt av olika åsikter och målbilder. Tidigare studier visar mycket kring just denna svårhanterliga och oförutsägbara process. Däremot finns det inte lika mycket studier angående genomförandegraden av investeringar i kommuner, och därtill inte heller kring faktorerna som ligger bakom. Genomförandegraden av investeringar i Västerås stad har under de senaste åren varit runt 60 procent, vilket de uttryckt inte är en nivå de vill bibehålla. Därav faller det sig naturligt att undersöka vad det är som påverkar genomförandegraden och hur dessa faktorer påverkar. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att utifrån Västerås stad identifiera och skapa förståelse för de faktorer som påverkar genomförandegraden i den kommunala investeringsprocessen. Metod: Uppsatsen är av kvalitativ art, med fokus på semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tolv respondenter. Respondenterna har alla en koppling till investeringsprocessen men har olika befattningar och arbetar inom olika delar.  Slutsats: De slutsatser som har dragits utifrån uppsatsen är att det både finns externa och interna faktorer som påverkar genomförandegraden av investeringar i Västerås stad. De externa faktorerna som framkommit är däremot ofta av sådan art att de inte går att påverka, då de är kopplade till juridik eller inte går att förutse. Istället menar vår slutsats att det främsta faktorerna, som dessutom har utvecklingspotential, ligger i de interna processerna, behovsanalyser, kommunikation, prioriteringar och uppföljning. / Introduction: The investment process in municipalities is a complex system built upon different opinions and goals. Previous studies present a lot about the difficulties and the unpredictableness of the process. Although, there are not as many studies about the degree of implementation in municipalities and the factors affecting it. The degree of implementation in Västerås stad has been on average 60 procent for the past few years, which they expressed is not a level they are satisfied with. Therefore, the subject for this thesis is to investigate what it is that affects the degree of implementation and how it affects it.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is that, from Västerås stad, identify and increase understanding for the factors that affect the degree of implementation in the municipal investment process. Method: The thesis is a qualitative study, with focus on semi-structured interviews with twelve respondents. All the respondents are involved in the investment process but from different perspectives. Conclusion: The conclusions drawn from this thesis is that there are both external and internal factors that affect the degree of implementation of investments in Västerås stad. The external factors are more difficult to influence from the organization's perspective, since they often are related to legislation or are hard to predict. The internal factors on the other hand, that have more potential of development are related to the internal processes, requirement analysis, communication, priorities and follow-ups.