Now a days, there is lot of alternatives available, which provides green and renewable energy. Through these alternatives, the consumer’s demand for energy is being satisfied. It is important to use the available energy in a systematic and efficient way so that there are many benefits. The purpose of this study is to briefly identify the various prospects, problems, and policies for energy efficiency in industries. Basis of purpose on the negative impacts caused due to the increased use of energy consumption in industries. This literature study is based from practical examples of industries, industrial applications and other new technology. As the electric motor system operates most of the industrial processes, the electricity consumption of motors in industries accounts for two thirds of total energy consumption. Influencing energy efficiency in industries provides substantial advantages. Various motor applications such as pumps, fans, air compressors, cooling compressors, variable speed drives is studied for their operation and working conditions. The utilization of energy efficient technologies to a greater extent can perceive savings to the industries. In spite of being aware of potentials of using energy efficient technologies in industries, energy efficient technologies are not widely used. A barrier to energy efficiency is explained as a practice that inhibits the industrial decision of being efficient in terms of energy and finance. The barriers consent with energy efficiency in industries is fair enough to be considered, while compromising energy for temporary prosperity is not upright. Influence of increased energy efficiency in market areas need coordination of all industries and commercial area throughout the country. The coordination between the industries and commercial sectors can be closely achieved by raising energy policies and energy regulations. The energy efficient policies are considered as cognizance for market transformation and this can maintain the industry, the environment, and the energy. The options available for market transformation are enormous. It is suggested to implement the energy efficient policies as energy efficiency is important for sustainable future. By adopting the right policy, at right situation can provide enormous benefits to the process, industry, and nation. A basis of energy efficiency in industrial application can provide potential energy savings for the present and future industrial situation. This can provide a balance between INDUSTRY-ENVIRONMENT-ENERGY.

This diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with all of the important components of a financial and strategic analysis. There is also text containing the formulas essential for the financial analysis to be found. The practical part of this thesis relates to the preparation of The Czech Granite company  LLC analyses. First, the observed company introduction is included, followed by the financial analysis itself. This contains the processing and evaluation of the financial ratios. All of its parts are analyzed in detail and commented on. Afterwards, the results are compared with the main business rival of the given branch. The conclusion of this work is complemented by a strategic analysis. The result of which, found on the basis of the market attractiveness and the company competitive position analyses outcome, is an evaluation of the company's future prospects. This part also concentrates on drawing up a SWOT analysis . The financial and strategic analysis is drawn up for the period between the years 2011 to 2015. All the information is gathered from the available public sources.

Loss aversion is a theory which states that losses loom larger than gains. Negative outcomes are weighted heavier than positive outcomes in decision making but could this weight change when different prospects are evaluated? This thesis focuses on how the loss aversion changes toward different magnitudes of a loss for young individuals when they are faced with a 50/50 chance of winning or losing a gamble. The loss aversion is tested toward six different magnitudes of a potential loss ranging from 100 kr to 4 000 kr. The loss aversion toward these six different magnitudes is then compared to examine how the loss aversion changes. This data was collected using a survey experiment that was digitally distributed to economics students at Linnaeus University in Växjö.The results from the subsequent analysis showed that the loss aversion was not constant towards all six losses. The loss aversion was different in ten out of fifteen pairwise comparisons. Respondents became more loss averse when the loss increased but the loss aversion did however seem to be less sensitive to increases in losses above the 1 000 kr mark.

No / Incorporating nanomaterials brings great changes in tailoring the nano-/micro-/macroscale structures of bulk cement paste phase and interfacial transition zone in the cementitious composites through the nano-core effect, thus achieving stronger, more durable, and smart/multi-functional cementitious composites. Owing to the nano-modification of cement paste in combination with the supplement of nanoscale continuity for multiscale raw materials of cementitious composites, nanomaterials gradually show the potential to become the indispensable seventh component of cementitious composites besides cement, water, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, chemical additives, and mineral additives. Therefore tailoring cementitious composites with nanomaterials provides a promising approach to develop the new generation of cementitious composites (e.g., ultra-high performance, smart/multi-functional, and resilient) and sustainable infrastructures. This chapter aims to provide a systematic overview of tailoring cementitious composites with various types of nanomaterials. It initially covers the principle of tailoring cementitious composites with nanomaterials and dispersion of nanomaterials in cementitious composites. It then presents the properties of cementitious composites with 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials, namely, hydration, rheology, workability, durability, functional, and mechanical properties. It also highlights various applications of cementitious composites with nanomaterials, including structural health monitoring, traffic detection, and pollutant purification. This chapter concludes by presenting the future prospects of cementitious composites with nanomaterials.

Private tutoring is prevalent in Egypt and other developing countries. Nonetheless, the literature on tutoring is still small. The purpose of the first paper in this thesis is to gain an understanding of the determinants of tutoring in Egypt using micro-level data and to investigate whether gender bias exists in tutoring decisions. It is expected that since labor market outcomes are less favorable to girls and gender disparities are present in educational investments in general, parents would be less willing to invest in tutoring for girls. Surprisingly, however, no gender bias is detected with respect to tutoring. The absence of bias is a puzzling finding. Tutoring is used to enhance children's education performance and give them a competitive edge. Socioeconomic level was found to be an important predictor of tutoring investment in the first paper. This poses equity concerns. Therefore, it is important to examine whether tutoring pays off in terms of better educational outcomes. The literature on tutoring effects mostly does not take into account the potential endogeneity of tutoring. I estimate the effect of taking tutoring on the likelihood of joining the secondary level stream that leads to university in the second paper of the thesis. I use a proxy for the supply of tutors as an instrument for taking tutoring. Without instrumenting, tutoring has a statistically significant positive effect. After introducing the instrumental variable, this effect disappears. However, the estimate of the tutoring coefficient is imprecise and there is some evidence that the instrument variable does not have sufficient power to get a reliable estimate of the tutoring effect. The expectation of better marriage prospects for an educated woman may influence parental educational investment decisions and this can be the answer to the puzzle of apparently equal tutoring investment by gender as found in the first paper of the thesis. The third paper examines how female education improves marriage characteristics in Egypt. Findings show that highly educated women are more likely to marry a highly educated husband. They are also more likely to man-y a husband with a high pre-marital wealth level and to live independently upon marriage. Higher levels of female education are negatively associated with marrying a relative. Female education plays an insignificant role with respect to the share of marriage costs borne by a bride and her family. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Исследованию понятия, содержания, принципов и организационно-правовых основ функционирования азиатского банковского дело посвящено очень мало научных публикаций. В основном, все работы, посвященные азиатскому банкингу, имеют эмпирический характер. Поэтому основной целью данной работы является выявление основных особенностей азиатского банкинга и определение перспектив его развития. Объектом исследования является организация современного азиатского банковского дела или «азиатский банкинг». Предмет исследования – особенности и перспективы развития азиатского банкинга. / Very few scientific publications are devoted to the study of the concept, content, principles and organizational and legal foundations of the functioning of Asian banking. Basically, all works on Asian banking are empirical. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to identify the main features of Asian banking and determine the prospects for its development. The object of research is the organization of modern Asian banking or “Asian banking”. Subject of research - features and prospects of development of Asian banking.

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В выпускной квалификационной работе рассмотрены различные теоретические подходы к социальному предпринимательству и гендеру, выделены основные тенденции развития социального предпринимательства в целом и женского в частности. В рамках собственного эмпирического исследования были отмечены специфические черты ведения социального бизнеса в России мужчинами и женщинами, структурированы проблемы и трудности, с которыми сталкиваются социальные предпринимательницы в процессе ведения бизнеса. / The final qualifying work examines various theoretical approaches to social entrepreneurship and gender, highlighting the main trends in the development of social entrepreneurship in general and women's entrepreneurship in particular. As part of our own empirical research, the specific features of running social business in Russia by men and women were noted, and the problems and difficulties that social entrepreneurs face in the process of doing business were structured.

Many Arctic gas hydrate reservoirs such as those of the Prudhoe Bay and Kuparuk River area on the Alaska North Slope (ANS) are believed originally to be natural gas accumulations converted to hydrate after being placed in the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) in response to ancient climate cooling. A mechanistic model is proposed to predict/explain hydrate saturation distribution in “converted free gas” hydrate reservoirs in sub-permafrost formations in the Arctic. This 1-D model assumes that a gas column accumulates and subsequently is converted to hydrate. The processes considered are the volume change during hydrate formation and consequent fluid phase transport within the column, the descent of the base of gas hydrate stability zone through the column, and sedimentological variations with depth. Crucially, the latter enable disconnection of the gas column during hydrate formation, which leads to substantial variation in hydrate saturation distribution. One form of variation observed in Arctic hydrate reservoirs is that zones of very low hydrate saturations are interspersed abruptly between zones of large hydrate saturations. The model was applied on data from Mount Elbert well, a gas hydrate stratigraphic test well drilled in the Milne Point area of the ANS. The model is consistent with observations from the well log and interpretations of seismic anomalies in the area. The model also predicts that a considerable amount of fluid (of order one pore volume of gaseous and/or aqueous phases) must migrate within or into the gas column during hydrate formation. This work offers the first explanatory model of its kind that addresses "converted free gas reservoirs" from a new angle: the effect of volume change during hydrate formation combined with capillary entry pressure variation versus depth. Mechanisms by which the fluid movement, associated with the hydrate formation, could have occurred are also analyzed. As the base of the GHSZ descends through the sediment, hydrate forms within the GHSZ. The net volume reduction associated with hydrate formation creates a “sink” which drives flow of gaseous and aqueous phases to the hydrate formation zone. Flow driven by saturation gradients plays a key role in creating reservoirs of large hydrate saturations, as observed in Mount Elbert. Viscous-dominated pressure-driven flow of gaseous and aqueous phases cannot explain large hydrate saturations originated from large-saturation gas accumulations. The mode of hydrate formation for a wide range of rate of hydrate formation, rate of descent of the BGHSZ and host sediments characteristics are analyzed and characterized based on dimensionless groups. The proposed transport model is also consistent with field data from hydrate-bearing sand units in Mount Elbert well. Results show that not only the petrophysical properties of the host sediment but also the rate of hydrate formation and the rate of temperature cooling at the surface contribute greatly to the final hydrate saturation profiles. / text

Summary Speaking about peculiarities of Cechovas creation in scientific literature, the two main features should be pointed out, i.e, laconic depiction and writer’s ability to present three periods of a character life in a short story. In most of his works the action is short, but it reveals a long period of the hero’s life. Taking this feature into consideration we have the aim to analyze five stories and to prove that short stories may contain the past, present and future prospects are presented. At the same time the content highlights plenty of hero’s life moments, which are of great importance. The attention was paid on the open endings. Cechovas manages to end his stories in a particular way, that for the reader the future of all the heroes in the story is clear.