Web applications are getting more and more complicated with the extensive growth of the Internet. In order to cope with user demands, that are constantly increasing, a specialattention should be paid to performance optimizations. While a lot of attention is devoted to back-end optimization, front-end is often overlooked and therefore is a fertileground for performance bottlenecks. This thesis is destined to investigate a set of well-established front-end optimization techniques in order to find out those, that are the most efficient. The thesis primarily focuses on an examination of a limited set of techniques, that can be applied to static web resources. Some of the techniques are: resources consolidation, minification, compression and caching. The measurements used during the examination are based on four metrics, such as the Page Size, the Page Load Time, the Page Start Render Time and the Number of Requests the page made. The results show which methods impact performance most. In particular, the results revealed, that the resource compression technique alone brings significant performance improvements, the page size was reduced by 79% and the page load time by 72%, respectively. Despite that, it is evident that the best results can be achieved by a combination of different techniques. All optimization techniques combined made a serious difference, helping us reduce the page load time from 24 seconds down to just one second.

Cloud computing is a technology that uses the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications. There are different cloud services of which cloud Infrastructure as a service enables a company to grow very fast. All small and large-scale companies are shifting their applications towards cloud. As usage of the internet all over the world, the number of video applications are increasing more and becoming popular. Smart phones use wireless networks to transfer large amount of data. Users access the video application from the cloud through web browsers in laptop and smart phone. First, a systematic literature review is conducted on the performance issues of cloud infrastructure as a service. Second, the performance metrics jitter, round trip time and page loading time are analyzed while accessing a video application from the cloud. Finally, results are analyzed for various browsers in Smartphone and laptop. From the obtained results it helps the users to choose better browser for accessing cloud applications.

User perceived latency is the most prominent performance issue influencing the World Wide Web (www) presently. Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) have been the backbone of web transport for decades, thus received a lot of attention recently due to end-to-end performance degradation in mobile environments. Inefficiencies of HTTP and TCP strongly affect web response time mainly in resource limited devices. HTTP compression reduces some of the burden imposed by TCP slow start phase. However, compression is still an underutilized feature of the web today [1]. In order to fulfill the end user expectations, we can optimize HTTP to improve Page Load Time (PLT), low memory usage and better network utilization. SPDY, a web latency reducing protocol and HTTP pipelining are a recent proposal to provide faster information exchange over web. Through the course of this work, we present a comprehensive study of new approaches to reduce mobile web latency. At first, we measure the PLT after implementing SPDY, HTTP and HTTP pipelining. Secondly, we also analyze the performance of these protocols after tuning the network parameters like bandwidth and round-trip time (RTT). Finally, we compare the performance of HTTP and other latency reducing protocols. We have conducted all experiments over DummyNet under user-configured network conditions. We critically discuss the challenges of shifting from HTTP to these latency-reducing protocols.

Context: Information technology is playing an important role in creating innovation in business. Due to increase in demand of information technology, web development has become an important field. PHP is an open source language, which is widely used in web development. PHP is used to develop dynamic web pages and it has the ability to connect with database. PHP has some good features i.e. cross platform compatibility, scalability, efficient execution and is an open source technology. These features make it a good choice for developers to choose PHP for web development. The maintenance of an application becomes difficult and performance being considerably reduced, if PHP is to be used without using its frameworks. To resolve these issues, different frameworks have been introduced by web development communities on the internet. These frameworks are based on Model, View, Controller design pattern. These frameworks provide, different common functionalities and classes in the form of helpers, components, and plug-in to reduce the development time. Due to these features like robustness, scalability, maintainability and performance, these frameworks are mostly used for web development in PHP, with performance being considered the most important factor. Objectives:The objective of this thesis is to compare and analyze the affect of data abstraction layer (ORM) on the performance of two PHP frameworks. These two frameworks are CakePHP and CodeIgniter. CAKEPHP has built-in support of object-relational mapping (ORM) but CodeIgniter has no built-in support of object-relational mapping (ORM). We considered load testing and stress testing to measure the performance of these two frameworks. Methods: We performed the experiment to show the performance of CakePHP (with ORM) and CodeIgniter (no ORM) frameworks. We developed two applications in both the PHP frameworks, with the same scope and design and measured the performance of these applications, with respect to load testing, with automated testing tool. The results have been obtained by testing the performance of both the applications on local and live servers. Conclusions:After analyzing the results we concluded that CodeIgniter is useful for small and medium sized applications. But CAKEPHP is good for large and enterprise level applications, as in stress conditions the CAKEPHP performed better than CodeIgniter on both local and live environment.

E-handelslösningar tillhandahåller inköpsfunktioner för användare på produkter online, men Internetanvändare är känsliga för förseningar. Användare ser webbplatsens laddningstid egenskap. Användarna är även känsliga för kognitiv laddningstid, vilket har att göra med upplevda estetik av en webbplats och mentala modeller som skapas från tidigare interaktion med webbplatser. Omfattningen av examensarbetet är att fyra e-handels content management system (CMSs) jämförs i denna avhandling att se vilka utför med den lägsta sidan laddningstid. dessa är Magento, Drupal med commerce, Wordpress med woocommerce och Joomla med Hikashop. Alla CMS förvandlas till liknande design baserat på en universell tema, med hjälp av twitter bootstrap ramverket. Designen är baserad på tidigare forskning för användarnas mentala modeller för e-handel webbplatser. En fullt fungerande fiktiv plats Fastcommerce utvecklas på dessa fyra CMS. CMSn är fyllda med en kategori sida identiska prov elektroniska produkter (12 artiklar). Produkterna har bilder och lorem ipsum text. Metoden för examensarbetet är experiment. Experimenten utförs för att hitta den sida laddningstid på en lokal miljö. Resultaten visar tydliga resultatförbättringar på alla fyra CMSs efter tillämpade optimeringar. Men några av de optimeringar orsakar negativakonsekvenser prestanda. / E-commerce solutions are providing purchasing capabilities to users on products online, but Internet users are sensitive to delays. In-fact users see page load time as a website feature. Users are also sensitive to cognitive load time, which has to do with perceived aesthetics of a website and mental models which are created from previous interaction with websites.The scope of the thesis is that four commerce content management systems (CMSs) are compared in this thesis to find out which performs with the lowest page load time. These are Magento, Drupal with commerce, Wordpress with woocommerce and Joomla with Hikashop. The CMSs are all pushed to a very similar website design based on one universal theme, using the twitter bootstrap mobile first responsive framework. The design is based on previousresearch of users mental models for e-commerce websites. A fully functional fictional site Fastcommerce is developed on the four CMSs. The CMSs are filled with one category page of identical sample electronic products (12 items). The products have images and lorem ipsum text. The method of the thesis are experiments. The experiments are conducted to find the page load time on a local environment. The results show clear performance improvements on all four CMSs after applied optimizations. But some of the optimizations cause negative performance consequences.