隨著金融業務國際化、全球化的發展，為與國際接軌，依循巴塞爾資本協定之規定為必要趨勢。因此，主管機關為因應巴塞爾資本協定BaselⅠ、BaselⅡ、BaselⅢ的實施，陸續對本國銀行資本適足率訂定相關管理辦法，藉由資本適足率之管控來監測銀行對風險管理能力，以改善銀行營運體質，充實銀行自有資本。 由於銀行資本適足率愈高，資本結構應較為穩健，所能承受之風險較高，業務拓展的空間較大，營運績效及獲利水準亦應較佳。但實際上，銀行為符合最低資本適足率之要求，單靠以盈餘來累積資本，顯然無法滿足，只好持續辦理增資或對外發債，以提高自有資本，導致營運成本不斷墊高，將衝擊銀行的獲利表現，可能對銀行經營績效產生負面影響。 因此，為瞭解銀行在資本適足率管控下，及存放款比率、逾期放款比率對本國銀行經營績效之間的相關性與影響關係為本研究主要動機。 本研究以國內上市及公開發行之29家商業銀行為實證對象，研究期間涵蓋 2006年第1季至2015 年第4季止之每季中央銀行公布之本國銀行財務報表資料。為判斷研究資料適用於 OLS 或 Panel Data 的固定效果模型或隨機效果模型分析，藉由 Stata 統計軟體分別以 F test 及 LM test 與 Hausman隨機模型進行檢定，俾從中選出最適合者進行實證迴歸分析，實證結果如下： 第一，銀行資本適足率與經營績效具有顯著性的正向影響關係，但過高或不足的資本適足率則會降低銀行經營績效。 第二，銀行逾期放款比率與經營績效具有顯著性的負向影響關係。 第三，2008年全球金融海嘯對本國銀行經營績效無顯著性的衝擊影響。 第四，泛公股銀行整體的經營績效表現優於民營銀行。

One of the goals of the economic, social and territorial cohesion is to reduce regional disparities between member states of the European Union. For this purpose the structural funds and the Cohesion Fund were established(among other things). The theoretical part of this thesis presents the issue of regional disparities and ways how to measure them. In view of the lack of consistent definition of this concept, there are number of measurement and evaluation methods. Furthermore, the work focuses on the implementation of cohesion policy and ways of measurement of their impact on development and growth of regions. The practical part of this thesis presents, evaluates and compares the regional disparities between the regions of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic via selected methods and assesses the impact of the financial support provided from the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund in the programming period 2007 - 2013 on economic growth of regions in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Following indicators are included: gross domestic product, unemployment rate, gross fixed capital formation and the rate of economic activity. The influence of the subsidy on the economic growth of regions is validated through the panel data analysis, namely a panel model with fixed effects, and Granger causality test. First, we investigated the impact of this support on the economic performance of regions where it is verified whether there is a relationship between economic performance of NUTS III regions in the Czech and Slovak Republics, characterized by gross domestic product and the unemployment rate, and the amount of the subsidy. Furthermore, it is verified whether the amount of subsidy depends on the level of regional gross domestic product. Dissertation contributes to the discussion about the impact of support from EU funds in the Czech and Slovak Republics, focusing on the regional level, and answers the question of reducing regional disparities using the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund.